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Physical Layer Covert Communication in B5G Wireless Networks - its Research, Applications, and Challenges

Proceedings of the IEEE 2024年第1期112卷 47-82页

作者： Jiang, Yu'e Wang, Liangmin Chen, Hsiao-Hwa Shen, Xuemin University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Computing of Anhui Province Anqing Normal University Anqing246011 China Southeast University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing211189 China National Cheng Kung University Department of Engineering Science Taiwan70101 Taiwan University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada

Physical layer covert communication is a crucial secure communication technology that enables a transmitter to convey information covertly to a recipient without being detected by adversaries. Unlike typical cryptography and physical layer security systems that concentrate on protecting the sent signal content, covert communications seek to conceal the existence of legitimate transmission. Thus, with beyond fifth-generation (B5G) wireless communications, covert communications can operate in tandem or as a supplement to conventional security techniques. We provide an extensive overview of the basic theories and several strategies in physical layer covert communications in this article. In particular, we go into great detail about the basic theories of physical layer covert communications, such as channel models, codes, secret keys, and covertness metrics, as well as various covert schemes in progressively more complicated scenarios, such as covert communications in single-antenna and multiantenna three-node systems and covert communications in jammer- and relay-aided systems. In addition, we identify the challenges and future directions for research on covert communications in B5G wireless networks. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Transmitters

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Wind Power Prediction Based on Multi-class Autoregressive Moving Average Model with Logistic Function

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2022年第5期10卷 1184-1193页

作者： Yunxuan Dong Shaodan Ma Hongcai Zhang Guanghua Yang IEEE State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MacaoMacao S.A.R.999078China Institute of Physical Internet and the School of Intelligent Systems Scienceand Engineering Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519070China

The seasonality and randomness of wind present a significant challenge to the operation of modern power systems with high penetration of wind generation. An effective shortterm wind power prediction model is indispensable to address this challenge. In this paper, we propose a combined model, i.e.,a wind power prediction model based on multi-class autoregressive moving average(ARMA). It has a two-layer structure: the first layer classifies the wind power data into multiple classes with the logistic function based classification method;the second layer trains the prediction algorithm in each class. This two-layer structure helps effectively tackle the seasonality and randomness of wind power while at the same time maintaining high training efficiency with moderate model parameters. We interpret the training of the proposed model as a solvable optimization problem. We then adopt an iterative algorithm with a semi-closed-form solution to efficiently solve it. Data samples from open-source projects demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Through a series of comparisons with other state-of-the-art models, the experimental results confirm that the proposed model improves not only the prediction accuracy,but also the parameter estimation efficiency.

关键词： Wind power prediction wind generation time series analysis logistic function based classification

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Stability-Constrained Contingency Analysis for Modern Power systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第25期58卷 114-119页

作者： Rajan Ratnakumar Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC 29634 USA Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria South Africa.

Modern power systems comprise diverse nonlinear components, and an increasingly large number of low inertia renewable power sources necessitate the modernization of conventional power system security measures. Contingency analysis (CA), a routine process for power system operators, ensures grid security under unforeseen circumstances by identifying potential issues and enabling proactive measures for uninterrupted power flow. Electromechanical oscillations (EMOs) in the power system that are a threat to stability must be regularly monitored and mitigated. An online hierarchical EMO index integrating time and frequency response analysis can be utilized for system stability assessment. The integration of an EMO index threshold into contingency analysis is presented in this paper to enhance system security. This new approach is referred to as the stability-constrained contingency analysis (SCCA). Typical results for a modified two-area, four-machine power system with large solar photovoltaic plants simulated on a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) are presented. These results demonstrate that SCCA flags potential issues that can arise from EMOs for certain contingencies, whereas traditional CA does not, as it solely considers bus voltage limits and line ratings.

关键词： Contingency analysis electromechanical oscillations security stability

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Design and Characterization of the Output Network of a High-Current Buck Converter 46

Design and Characterization of the Output Network of a High-...

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46th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2023

作者： Solaja, Kresimir Blecic, Raul Broznic, Andro Baric, Adrijan University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Electronics Microelectronics Computer and Intelligent Systems Zagreb Croatia Rimac Technology d.o.o./Embedded Hardware Sveta Nedelja Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532331042

A 10-A automotive buck converter is designed and realized on a four layer printed circuit board. The output network is designed in the electromagnetic solver to account for the trace and package parasitic elements. The output network of the converter is simulated in the SPICE solver. The converter is characterized in the time domain by the load transient measurements and in the frequency domain by the shunt measurement method. Three configurations of the output network are compared. The results in the frequency domain and the results of the SPICE simulations are correlated. © 2023 MIPRO Croatian Society.

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Two-Operation Buffering based on Dynamic Optical RAM 17

Two-Operation Buffering based on Dynamic Optical RAM

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17th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelectronics, Telecommunications and computer engineering, TCSET 2024

作者： Semenov, Andriy Tsyrulnyk, Serhii Baraban, Serhii Semenova, Olena Rudyk, Andrii Khloba, Anton Vinnytsia National Technical University Faculty of Information Electronic Systems Vinnytsia Ukraine Vinnytsia National Agrarian University Department of Computer Sciences and Digital Economy Vinnytsia Ukraine Poznan University of Technology Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications Poznan Poland National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Automation Electrical Engineering and Computer-Integrated Technologies Rivne Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520564

The authors of this paper propose a block diagram for a dual-operating buffer on a dynamic optical RAM. The buffer consists of two dynamic optical RAMs, each controlled separately to allow for simultaneous writing and reading of data, thereby improving performance. This setup enables data to be read from the buffer while new data is being written to it. Implementing a dual-operating buffer on a dynamic optical RAM has the potential to enhance the performance of high-speed data transmission in telecommunications networks. The authors conducted numerical calculations to compare failure probabilities between single-operation and dual-operation buffers on dynamic optical RAM. The results indicated that using a dual-operating buffer significantly reduces the probability of failure with the same buffer memory capacity compared to a single-operating buffer. Additionally, the authors analyzed the effectiveness of the proposed dual-operating buffer. The analysis confirmed that exploiting dynamic optical memory for buffering enhances data transfer speed and efficiency due to the inherent properties of optical data transfer, such as high bandwidth and low latency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamic random access storage

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Swallowing Assessment using High-Resolution Cervical Auscultations and Transformer-based Neural Networks 46

Swallowing Assessment using High-Resolution Cervical Auscult...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Anwar, Ayman Khalifa, Yassin Lucatorto, Erin Coyle, James L. Sejdic, Ervin University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TorontoON Canada University of Pittsburgh Center for Research Computing and Information Technology Analytics PittsburghPA United States Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Systems and Biomedical Engineering Department Giza Egypt University of Pittsburgh School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Department of Communication Science and Disorders PittsburghPA United States University of Toronto North York General Hospital Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TorontoON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Swallowing assessment is a crucial task to reveal swallowing abnormalities. There are multiple modalities to analyze swallowing kinematics, such as videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS), which is the gold standard method, and high-resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA), which is a noninvasive technique that uses a triaxial accelerometer attached to the patient's neck. Deep learning models play an essential role in data driven analysis of swallowing landmarks using VFSS and/or HRCA as input data. Most of these models utilize convolutional and recurrent neural networks. Here, we investigate the ability of transformers to analyze swallowing kinematics;specifically upper esophageal sphincter opening and laryngeal vestibule closure using HRCA signals. We tested the model using an independent test dataset to assess the generalizability of the proposed network. The proposed network achieved an average detection accuracy higher than 90% and 85% for both segmentation tasks, which outperform the hybrid neural networks from the literature, and the model obtained high-performance measures for the independent dataset, showing the transformers' ability to generalize on unseen data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Deep Semantic and Attentive Network for Unsupervised Video Summarization

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ACM Transactions on Multimedia computing, Communications and Applications 2022年第2期18卷 1-21页

作者： Zhong, Sheng-Hua Lin, Jingxu Lu, Jianglin Fares, Ahmed Ren, Tongwei College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra Benha University Cairo Egypt State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

With the rapid growth of video data, video summarization is a promising approach to shorten a lengthy video into a compact version. Although supervised summarization approaches have achieved state-of-the-art performance, they require frame-level annotated labels. Such an annotation process is time-consuming and tedious. In this article, we propose a novel deep summarization framework named Deep Semantic and Attentive Network for Video Summarization (DSAVS) that can select the most semantically representative summary by minimizing the distance between video representation and text representation without any frame-level labels. Another challenge associated with video summarization tasks mainly originates from the difficulty of considering temporal information over a long time. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) performs well for temporal dependencies modeling but does not work well with long video clips. Therefore, we introduce a self-attention mechanism into our summarization framework to capture the long-range temporal dependencies among the frames. Extensive experiments on two popular benchmark datasets, i.e., SumMe and TVSum, show that our proposed framework outperforms other state-of-the-art unsupervised approaches and even most supervised methods. © 2022 Association for computing Machinery.

关键词： Semantics

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A 2.2-3.6 GHz CMOS Reconfigurable Fourth-Order Bandpass Filter With Compact Size and High Selectivity Using Transformer-Type Resonators

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2023年第1期71卷 218-229页

作者： Li, Kun Liu, Bin Chi, Pei-Ling Wang, Yong Yang, Tao University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Chengdu Sichuan610054 China National Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan Nanhu Laboratory Research Center of Advanced Rf Chips and Systems Jiaxing Zhejiang314000 China

A compact reconfigurable CMOS bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity is proposed using transformer-type resonators in this article. The transformer-type resonator is constructed by a transformer loaded with parallel varactors for frequency tuning, and two varactors are then added across primary wind and secondary wind for coupling tuning. With the transformer-type structure, one resonator is formed inside another resonator, thus fully utilizing the chip area and resulting in a miniaturized structure. Magnetic and electrical couplings are formed within the transformer-type resonator and facilitate the bandwidth (BW) tuning. The quality factor (Q) of each resonator is improved by cross-coupled negative resistance structure. Meanwhile, two pairs of transformer-type resonators are placed side-by-side and naturally form a quadruplet structure;as a result, two transmission zeros (TZs) are introduced at each side of the passband thus significantly improving the selectivity and stopband rejection of the BPF. The proposed tunable on-chip BPF is manufactured by a commercial 55 nm bulk CMOS technology with a core area of 1.48 × 0.54 mm2. The filter center frequency (CF) can be tuned from 2.2 to 3.6 GHz, while the 3 dB fractional BW (FBW) can be tuned from 14% to 33%. The shape factor of the proposed filter is 1.4-1.9. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Varactors

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Modeling Multi-Threaded Aggregated I/O for Asynchronous Checkpointing on HPC systems 22

Modeling Multi-Threaded Aggregated I/O for Asynchronous Chec...

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22nd International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed computing, ISPDC 2023

作者： Gossman, Mikaila J. Nicolae, Bogdan Calhoun, Jon C. Clemson University Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering ClemsonSC29634 United States Argonne National Laboratory Mathematics and Computer Science Division LemontIL60439 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341270

HPC systems encompass more components with each new generation. As a result, the process of interacting with stable storage systems like parallel file systems (PFS) becomes increasingly difficult. Larger systems often result in more frequent failures, increasing the need and frequency to incorporate fault-tolerant mechanisms. One example is checkpoint-restart (C/R), where applications or systems save their data to non-volatile storage devices, such as a PFS. On failure, the system or application is restored to a saved state and computation continues. Today, asynchronous C/R is gaining traction for its ability to checkpoint data to permanent storage concurrently with the application. However, asynchronous C/R brings about many new challenges. For starters, asynchronous C/R introduces complex resource contention between the application and the C/R implementation. Additionally, some implementations adopt file-per-process writing strategies, which overwhelm PFS' at high core counts. In this work, we explore how multi-threaded POSIX I/O impacts aggregated throughput. To this extent we characterize the influence of different I/O parameters, such as the number of writer threads and how they access storage devices, has on aggregated I/O. We use the information gathered in this study to identify best practices when performing aggregated I/O as a first step in designing an efficient I/O aggregation scheme for asynchronous C/R. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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Chip-scale spontaneous quasi-phase matched second harmonic generation in a micro-racetrack resonator

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第8期66卷 66-74页

作者： Tingge Yuan Jiangwei Wu Yi'an Liu Xiongshuo Yan Haowei Jiang Hao Li Zhaokang Liang Qiang Lin Yuping Chen Xianfeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Physics and Astronomy.Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of RochesterNew York 14627USA

In this paper,we demonstrate efficient spontaneous quasi-phase matched(SQPM)second harmonic generation(SHG)in a microracetrack resonator on X-cut thin film lithium *** approach does not involve poling,but exploits the anisotropy of the crystals to allow the phase-matching condition to be fulfilled spontaneously as the TE-polarized light circulates in a specifically designed racetrack *** experiment,normalized on-chip conversion efficiencies of 1.01×10-4/W and 0.43×10-4/W are achieved by 37th-order and 111th-order SQPM,*** configurable SQPM will benefit the application of nonlinear frequency conversion and quantum source generation in chip-scale integrated photonics compatible with standard CMOS fabrication processes.

关键词： lithium niobate on insulator quasi-phase matching second harmonic generation

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