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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sabouni, Ehsan Sabbir Ahmad, H.M. Xiao, Wei Cassandras, Christos G. Li, Wenchao Division of Systems Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University BostonMA United States Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

We address the problem of controlling Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in conflict areas of a traffic network subject to hard safety constraints. It has been shown that such problems can be solved through a combination of tractable optimal control problems and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) that guarantee the satisfaction of all constraints. These solutions can be reduced to a sequence of Quadratic Programs (QPs) which are efficiently solved on line over discrete time steps. However, guaranteeing the feasibility of the CBF-based QP method within each discretized time interval requires the careful selection of time steps which need to be sufficiently small. This creates computational requirements and communication rates between agents which may hinder the controller’s application to real CAVs. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by adopting an event-triggered approach for CAVs in a conflict area such that the next QP is triggered by properly defined events with a safety guarantee. We present a laboratory-scale test bed we have developed to emulate merging roadways using mobile robots as CAVs which can be used to demonstrate how the event-triggered scheme is computationally efficient and can handle measurement uncertainties and noise compared to time-driven control while guaranteeing safety. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Merging

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ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models for Cybersecurity of Smart Grid Applications

ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models for Cybersecurity of...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Aydin Zaboli Seong Lok Choi Tai-Jin Song Junho Hong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan – Dearborn Dearborn MI USA Power Systems Engineering Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Golden CO USA Department of Urban Engineering Chungbuk National University Cheongju South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350381832

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381849

Cybersecurity breaches targeting electrical substations constitute a significant threat to the integrity of the power grid, necessitating comprehensive defense and mitigation strategies. Any anomaly in information and communication technology (ICT) should be detected for secure communications between devices in digital substations. This paper proposes large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, for the cybersecurity of IEC 61850-based communications. Multi-cast messages such as generic object oriented system events (GOOSE) and sampled values (SV) are used for case studies. The proposed LLM-based cybersecurity framework includes, for the first time, data pre-processing of communication systems and human-in-the-loop (HITL) training (considering the cybersecurity guidelines recommended by humans). The results show a comparative analysis of detected anomaly data carried out based on the performance evaluation metrics for different LLMs. A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testbed is used to generate and extract a dataset of IEC 61850 communications.

关键词： Training Substations Protocols Object oriented modeling Large language models Chatbots Information and communication technology Smart grids computer security IEC Standards

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A K -Band Four-Beam Transmitter with Decoupled Phase/Gain Control and Enhanced Power Back off Efficiency for SATCOM

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2024年第11期72卷 6443-6459页

作者： Gao, Huiyan Li, Nayu Xie, Xinhong Wang, Shaogang Lu, Hang Kuan, Yen-Cheng Yu, Xiaopeng Song, Chunyi Jane Gu, Qun Xu, Zhiwei Institute of Marine Electronics and Intelligent Systems Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan316021 China Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment Ministry of Education Zhoushan316021 China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021 China National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University International College of Semiconductor Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of VLSI Design and Research College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China University of California at Davis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering DavisCA95616 United States

This article presents a 17.7-20.2 GHz eight-element four-beam RF-beamforming transmitter in 65-nm CMOS for satellite communication (SATCOM). The transmitter utilizes an analog scheme in the variable-gain amplifier (VGA) to achieve dB-in-linear gain control with a high dynamic range (DR), together with a current combining crossbar for a compact footprint. The vector-modulation-based (VM-based) phase shifter (PS) adopts the cancellation-based Gm units for low switching variation. Furthermore, eight PSs of each beam are split into two groups, with each group sharing the same tunable I/Q generator for low power consumption. Considering the increased peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) caused by high-order modulation schemes and multibeam operation, the transmitter incorporates compact transformer-based Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) with adaptive bias control to improve the power efficiency at back-off. The chip achieves a 31-dB gain-tuning range with a 0.283-dB step and a 360° phase-shifting range with a calibrated 7-bit resolution. The measured root-mean-square (RMS) phase/gain errors induced by the VGA/PS are below 2.05°/0.147 dB, respectively, which decouples phase/gain control. The transmitter achieves a maximum output 1-dB gain compression point (OP1dB) of 17.9 dBm and a maximum saturated power (Psat) of 18.9 dBm. The output element exhibits 29.3% drain efficiency (DE) at 6-dB power back off (PBO) from Psat , which is 1.56/3.12 times over the normalized class-B/class-A implementations, demonstrating Doherty PBO efficiency enhancement. The chip occupies an area of 8.59 × 4.17 mm2 and consumes 398 mW per element at OP1dB. Additionally, a 16-element linear array has been developed to showcase the capabilities of the multibeam operation and gain tapering. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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KKL Observer Synthesis for Nonlinear systems via Physics-Informed Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Niazi, M.B. Umar Cao, John Barreau, Matthieu Johansson, Karl Henrik Division of Decision and Control Systems Digital Futures KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States

This paper proposes a novel learning approach for designing Kazantzis-Kravaris/Luenberger (KKL) observers for autonomous nonlinear systems. The design of a KKL observer involves finding an injective map that transforms the system state into a higher-dimensional observer state, whose dynamics is linear and stable. The observer’s state is then mapped back to the original system coordinates via the inverse map to obtain the state estimate. However, finding this transformation and its inverse is quite challenging. We propose to sequentially approximate these maps by neural networks that are trained using physics-informed learning. We generate synthetic data for training by numerically solving the system and observer dynamics. Theoretical guarantees for the robustness of state estimation against approximation error and system uncertainties are provided. Additionally, a systematic method for optimizing observer performance through parameter selection is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through numerical simulations on benchmark examples and its application to sensor fault detection and isolation in a network of Kuramoto oscillators using learned KKL observers. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： State estimation

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Optimized Ensemble Algorithm for Predicting Metamaterial Antenna Parameters

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4989-5003页

作者： El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Abdelhameed Ibrahim Seyedali Mirjalili Yu-Dong Zhang Shaima Elnazer Rokaia M.Zaki Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization Torrens University AustraliaFortitude ValleyQLD 4006Australia Yonsei Frontier Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology MansouraEgypt Computer and Information Technology College Taif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology Kafrelsheikh Department of Electrical Engineering Shoubra Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityEgypt

Metamaterial Antenna is a subclass of antennas that makes use of metamaterial to improve *** antennas can overcome the bandwidth constraint associated with tiny *** learning is receiving a lot of interest in optimizing solutions in a variety of *** learning methods are already a significant component of ongoing research and are anticipated to play a critical role in today’s *** accuracy of the forecast is mostly determined by the model *** purpose of this article is to provide an optimal ensemble model for predicting the bandwidth and gain of the Metamaterial *** Vector Machines(SVM),Random Forest,K-Neighbors Regressor,and Decision Tree Regressor were utilized as the basic *** Adaptive Dynamic Polar Rose Guided Whale Optimization method,named AD-PRS-Guided WOA,was used to pick the optimal features from the *** suggested model is compared to models based on five variables and to the average ensemble *** findings indicate that the presented model using Random Forest results in a Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE)of(0.0102)for bandwidth and RMSE of(0.0891)for *** is superior to other models and can accurately predict antenna bandwidth and gain.

关键词： Metamaterial antenna machine learning ensemble model feature selection guided whale optimization support vector machines

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A Multi-DOF Robot System Based on LightGBM-Driven EEG Decoding Model for BCI Human-Machine Interaction 42

A Multi-DOF Robot System Based on LightGBM-Driven EEG Decodi...

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42nd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2023

作者： Yan, Weidong Xu, Zhaoliang Li, Yang Beihang University The Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China The Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beijing100191 China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beijing100191 China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Hangzhou310000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581543

In this study, a multi-degree-of-freedom (Multi-DOF) robot (MDR) system based on a LightGBM-driven electroencephalogram (EEG) decoding model is designed and developed to assist subjects with hand motor dysfunction in their daily activities and neurorehabilitation. The system mainly consists of a motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) evoking layer, an intention decoding layer, and an interaction executive layer. The MI-EEG evoking layer initially displays a virtual reality (VR) motion imagination scenario, instructing the subjects to imagine a real hand gripping movement, simultaneously collecting the electrical EEG signals and preprocessing the EEG signals. Secondly, in the intention decoding layer, a network combining temporal-spectral feature fusion and LightGBM (TSFF-LightGBM) for MI-BCI classification is used to more effectively boost brain decoding accuracy and decrease decoding time. Finally, in the interaction executive layer, the Multi-DOF wearable robot is developed to offer hand grasp motion kinesthetic feedback and visual feedback synced with MI. The following are the key benefits of the proposed MDR system: (1) We propose a new lightweight network structure more suitable for brain computer interface (BCI) interaction systems, achieving more accurate decoding and shorter identification time in different data sets, which helps to improve the practicability of the system and promote the practical clinical application of BCI rehabilitation technology. (2) We integrate BCI, VR, a wearable Multi-DOF robot, motion kinesthetic feedback, and visual feedback to improve human-machine interaction. Compared to the most recent investigations, the average accuracy of the MDR system on the publicly accessible datasets BCI IV 2a and HGD reached 75.89% and 93.53%, respectively. © 2023 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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Photorealistic Arm Robot Simulation for 3D Plant Reconstruction and Automatic Annotation using Unreal Engine 5

Photorealistic Arm Robot Simulation for 3D Plant Reconstruct...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Xingjian Li Jeremy Park Chris Reberg-Horton Steven Mirsky Edgar Lobaton Lirong Xiang Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Department of Crop and Soil Science North Carolina State University Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory USDA-ARS

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Robotics paired with computer vision are widely used in precision agriculture. Simulations are critical for safety and performance estimation by verifying their routine in a virtual world before real-world testing and deployment. However, many simulators used in agricultural robots lack photorealism in their virtual worlds compared to the real world. We implemented Unreal Engine 5 (UE5) and the Robot Operating System (ROS) to develop a robot simulator tailored to agricultural tasks and synthetic data generation with RGB, segmentation, and depth images. We designed a method for assigning multiple segmentation labels within a single plant mesh. We experimented with a semi-spherical routine for two robot arms to perform 3D point cloud reconstruction across 10 plant assets. We showed our simulator produces much more accurate segmentation images and reconstruction compared to existing UE5 solutions. We extend our results with Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) reconstructions. The packaged simulator, UE5 project, and ROS package with the Python routine can be found at https://***/NCSU-BAE-ARLab/AgriRoboSimUE5.

关键词： Image segmentation computer vision Three-dimensional displays Computational modeling Neural radiance field Manipulators Image reconstruction

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A coherent approach-based fine-tuning of segment anything model plus watershed algorithm for instance segmentation of mitochondria in electron microscopy images

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 98088-98105页

作者： Faska, Zahra Khrissi, Lahbib Mountasser, Imadeddine Haddouch, Khalid Akkad, Nabil El Alshathri, Samah El-Shafai, Walid Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Laboratory of Engineering Systems and Applications ENSA Fez Morocco Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Technology P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Menoufia University Faculty of Electronic Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Menouf32952 Egypt

Increasingly available ultrastructural data from a continuously growing diversity of experimental conditions are driving new opportunities for fruitful neuroscientific hypotheses tested in intracellular compartments such as the nanoscale roles of, e.g., the mitochondria. Reliable morphological statistics are based on achieving highly accurate semantic segmentations of EM images. The state-of-the-art deep CNNs can be somewhat brittle;they tend to provide coarse and high-frequency-oscillatory solutions with discontinuities and false positives even for simple mitochondria segmentation. Historically, the current state-of-the-art in medical image segmentation would involve some variant of the encoder-decoder architecture, such as the U-Net architecture. The SAM does not perform as well, since it has not been explicitly trained for the task and does not demonstrate user-interactive, over one billion annotations mostly for natural images. However, the SAM may be applied to segment anything, including medical image segmentation challenging new datasets. This work is aimed at the difficult task of implementing domain adaptation in mitochondria segmentation within EM images obtained from various tissues and species, using deep learning. We do a systematic study to assess SAM's ability to perform segmentation in medical images, measure its performance on volumetric EM datasets, and show that it is powerful at segmenting instances even under challenging imaging conditions. We provide a fine-tuning SAM which can be naturally trained by SAM at an exemplary scale, benefiting from a diverse and large dataset over one million image masks in 11 modalities. This model would be able to perform precise segmentation for a wide range of targets under various imaging conditions, at the level of performance of specialized U-Net models, or even better. A visual comparison is shown between our fine-tuning SAM model and U-Net, along with an examination of different watershed post-processing st

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Cooperative and Competitive Multi-Agent systems:From Optimization to Games

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第5期9卷 763-783页

作者： Jianrui Wang Yitian Hong Jiali Wang Jiapeng Xu Yang Tang Qing-Long Han Jürgen Kurths Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4Canada IEEE School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research 14473 Potsdam Institute of Physics Humboldt University of Berlin12489 BerlinGermany

Multi-agent systems can solve scientific issues related to complex systems that are difficult or impossible for a single agent to solve through mutual collaboration and cooperation *** a multi-agent system,agents with a certain degree of autonomy generate complex interactions due to the correlation and coordination,which is manifested as cooperative/competitive *** survey focuses on multi-agent cooperative optimization and cooperative/non-cooperative *** from cooperative optimization,the studies on distributed optimization and federated optimization are *** survey mainly focuses on distributed online optimization and its application in privacy protection,and overviews federated optimization from the perspective of privacy protection ***,cooperative games and non-cooperative games are introduced to expand the cooperative optimization problems from two aspects of minimizing global costs and minimizing individual costs,***-agent cooperative and non-cooperative behaviors are modeled by games from both static and dynamic aspects,according to whether each player can make decisions based on the information of other ***,future directions for cooperative optimization,cooperative/non-cooperative games,and their applications are discussed.

关键词： Cooperative games counterfactual regret minimization distributed optimization federated optimization fictitious

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A Channel-Augmented Multi-Domain Graph Convolutional Network for Fatigue Driving Detection

A Channel-Augmented Multi-Domain Graph Convolutional Network...

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Industrial Automation, Robotics and Control engineering (IARCE), International Conference on

作者： Mingyi Sun Weigang Cui Yang Li Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University Beijing China Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems The Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350380323

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380330

Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a crucial cornerstone within the realm of brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, with its significance notably pronounced in the field of fatigue detection. However, the inherent limitations of EEG acquisition equipment during real driving scenarios have contributed to the constrained robustness of existing models. Moreover, most of recent methods failed to extract robust multi-domain features, leading to a suboptimal performance. To address these challenges, we propose a novel channel-augmented multi-domain graph convolutional network (CA-MDGCNet). Specifically, the initial EEG signals are enriched by incorporating supplementary virtual EEG channels, distinguished as learnable parameters within the network architecture. Then, differential entropy features are extracted from the augmented EEG signals. Following this, a multi-domain graph convolutional network is designed to encode high-level EEG features by means of convolutions in diverse paths, which is beneficial to integrating the characteristics extracted from multiple domains. Finally, the classification block derives the detection outcome from the refined feature maps. To substantiate the potency of the proposed method, the validation was conducted on the publicly accessible SEED-VIG. The proposed CA-MDGCNet not only demonstrates more promising performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches but also underscores the potential viability of our method for the realm of fatigue driving detection.

关键词： Graph convolutional networks Convolution Service robots Neural activity Feature extraction Fatigue Brain modeling Electroencephalography Entropy Robustness

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