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19th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2022

作者： Sayrafian, Kamran Cloteaux, Brian Marbukh, Vladimir Emiyah, Christian National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Laboratory GaithersburgMD United States Morgan State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BaltimoreMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665431620

A commonly used methodology to estimate the proximity of two individuals in an automatic exposure notification system uses the signal strength of the Bluetooth signal from their mobile phones. However, there is an underlying error in Bluetooth-based proximity detection that can result in wrong exposure decisions. A wrong decision in the exposure determination leads to two types of errors: false negatives and false positives. A false negative occurs when an exposed individual is incorrectly identified as not exposed. Similarly, a false positive occurs when a non-exposed individual is mistakenly identified as exposed. Both errors have costly implications and can ultimately determine the effectiveness of Bluetooth-based automatic exposure notification in containment of pandemics such as COVID-19. In this paper, we present a platform that allows for the analysis of the system performance under various parameters. This platform enables us to gain a better understanding on how the underlying technology error propagates through the contact tracing system. Preliminary results show the considerable impact of the Bluetooth-based proximity estimation error on false exposure determination. Alternatively, using this platform, analysis can be performed to determine the acceptable accuracy level of a proximity detection mechanism in order to have a more effective contact tracing solution. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Bluetooth

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Covert and Reliable Semantic Communication Against Cross-Layer Privacy Inference over Wireless Edge Networks

Covert and Reliable Semantic Communication Against Cross-Lay...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Rui Xu Gaolei Li Zhaohui Yang Mingzhe Chen Yuchen Liu Jianhua Li School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security Shanghai China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Miami USA Department of Computer Science NC State University USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

Semantic communication has emerged as a revolutionary paradigm within wireless edge networks, showcasing remarkable communication efficiency. In contrast to traditional bit-level communication systems, semantic communication systems exhibit superior effectiveness and precision, particularly in scenarios characterized by low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Nonetheless, the privacy of semantic communication poses a critical challenge that demands attention. Once the attacker intercepts the semantic information through continuous eaves-dropping, the private data would be leaked under adversarial environment. Moreover, in low SNR scenario, joint optimization of anti -eavesdropping and privacy reconstruction has not yet been studied, coupled with the intricate nature of designing a cross-layer semantic protection strategy. To address this concern, this paper presents a covert and reliable semantic communication (CRSC) framework via full-duplex receiver to counter continuous eavesdropper by concealing the entire transmission process. Furthermore, a newly-defined metric, namely covert semantic throughput (CST), is introduced to quantify the system's performance. Furthermore, we formulate the maximization of average CST during the semantic transmission period as a multi-constraint optimization problem. Subsequently, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-empowered adaptation algorithm to address the formulated problem. Through simulation results, the effectiveness and feasibility of proposed CRSC framework are demonstrated, with an observed maximum average CST improvement of up to 42% compared to conventional communication systems in the low SNR scenario.

关键词： Wireless communication Measurement Simulation Semantics Reinforcement learning Receivers Throughput

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SiC Trench MOSFET with N-base Super Barrier Rectifier Embedded for Optimizing Reverse Characteristic

SiC Trench MOSFET with N-base Super Barrier Rectifier Embedd...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits, Technologies and Applications, ICTA 2021

作者： Deng, Zhengxun Li, Xiaojin Sun, Yabin Shi, Yanling East China Normal University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai200241 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665417471

A novel double trench SiC MOSFET embedded with N-base super barrier rectifier (NSBR-DTMOS) is proposed in this paper. The NSBR-DTMOS exhibits its diode turn on voltage (VF) half lower than that of body diode. With the super barrier rectifier (SBR) embedded as the freewheeling diode, the bipolar degradation phenomena caused by the body diode is eliminated successfully. Compared with the conventional DTMOS, the gate-to-drain capacitance (CGD) and gate-drain charge (QGD) are reduced by half, at the cost of the specific ON-resistance (Ron) increases by 9% only. As a result, the figures of merit Ron×QG and Ron×QGD are improved by 45% and 54% respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Diodes

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Graphene Bridge Heterostructure Devices for Negative Differential Transconductance Circuit Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第2期15卷 161-171页

作者： Minjong Lee Tae Wook Kim Chang Yong Park Kimoon Lee Takashi Taniguchi Kenji Watanabe Min‑gu Kim Do Kyung Hwang Young Tack Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA Center for Opto‑Electronic Materials and Devices Post‑Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Physics Kunsan National UniversityGunsan 54150Republic of Korea Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305‑0044Japan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Division of Nanoscience and Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction *** this study,we demonstrate graphene(Gr)-bridge heterostructure devices consisting of laterally series-connected ambipolar semiconductor/Gr-bridge/n-type molybdenum disulfide as a channel material for field-effect transistors(FET).Unlike conventional FET operation,our Gr-bridge devices exhibit nonclassical transfer characteristics(humped transfer curve),thus possessing a negative differential *** phenomena are interpreted as the operating behavior in two series-connected FETs,and they result from the gate-tunable contact capacity of the Gr-bridge ***-value logic inverters and frequency tripler circuits are successfully demonstrated using ambipolar semiconductors with narrow-and wide-bandgap materials as more advanced circuit applications based on non-classical transfer ***,we believe that our innovative and straightforward device structure engineering will be a promising technique for future multi-functional circuit applications of 2D nanoelectronics.

关键词： Graphene bridge Heterostructure device Non-classical transfer characteristics Multi-value logic inverter Frequency tripler

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Active Grammatical Inference for Non-Markovian Planning 32

Active Grammatical Inference for Non-Markovian Planning

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32nd International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling, ICAPS 2022

作者： Topper, Noah Atia, George Trivedi, Ashutosh Velasquez, Alvaro Department of Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder United States Information Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577358749

Planning in finite stochastic environments is canonically posed as a Markov decision process where the transition and reward structures are explicitly known. Reinforcement learning (RL) lifts the explicitness assumption by working with sampling models instead. Further, with the advent of reward machines, we can relax the Markovian assumption on the reward. Angluin's active grammatical inference algorithm L∗ has found novel application in explicating reward machines for non-Markovian RL. We propose maintaining the assumption of explicit transition dynamics, but with an implicit non-Markovian reward signal, which must be inferred from experiments. We call this setting non-Markovian planning, as opposed to non-Markovian RL. The proposed approach leverages L∗ to explicate an automaton structure for the underlying planning objective. We exploit the environment model to learn an automaton faster and integrate it with value iteration to accelerate the planning. We compare against recent non-Markovian RL solutions which leverage grammatical inference, and establish complexity results that illustrate the difference in runtime between grammatical inference in planning and RL settings. © 2022, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Automation 5.0: The Key to Systems Intelligence and Industry 5.0

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1723-1727页

作者： Ljubo Vlacic Hailong Huang Mariagrazia Dotoli Yutong Wang Petros A.Ioannou Lili Fan Xingxia Wang Raffaele Carli Chen Lv Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Qing-Long Han Fei-Yue Wang Institute of Intelligent and Integrated Systems and the School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityNathanQLD 4111Australia Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic of Bari70126 BariItaly State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190and also with the Qingdao Academy of Intelligent IndustriesQingdao 266114China Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007 USA School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Huairou Academy of Parallel Sensing Beijing 101499China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCB21TN CambridgeU.K. School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dazhou Artificial Intelligence Institute Dazhouand the Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

AUTOMATION has come a long way since the early days of mechanization,i.e.,the process of working exclusively by hand or using animals to work with *** rise of steam engines and water wheels represented the first generation of industry,which is now called Industry Citation:***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,Q.-***,and F.-***,“Automation 5.0:The key to systems intelligence and Industry 5.0,”IEEE/CAA ***,vol.11,no.8,pp.1723-1727,Aug.2024.

关键词： Automation machinery intelligence

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Federated Learning With Meta-Layers Training for Privacy-Preserving in Vehicular Consumer Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Shen, Xiaoyang Li, Haibin Li, Yaqian Zhang, Wenming Alenazi, Mohammed J.F. Agarwal, Kadambri Yanshan University College of Electrical Engineering Hebei Qinhuangdao066000 China Key Laboratory of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province Hebei Qinhuangdao066000 China King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia ABES Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ghaziabad201009 India

Vehicular consumer electronics, such as autonomous vehicles (AVs), need collecting large amounts of private user information, which face the risk of privacy leakage. To protect the privacy of consumers, researchers have proposed to apply federated learning (FL) to privacy-preserving vehicular consumer electronics, that is, leveraging FL for collaborative training of a decision model without exchanging the sensitive information generated by AVs. However, FL generally needs to exchange the gradients of client models periodically with the central server, which can be attacked by adversaries to infer user information. Thereby, it may still face the risk of privacy leakage. To solve that challenge, we put forward a novel FL framework, called FL with Meta-Layers Training (FL-MLT). Instead of exchanging the gradients of the client models, it exchanges, meta-layers with the central servers. Since meta-layers are only a slice of the client models, exchanging them helps protect privacy. On the other hand, they contain meta-knowledge to help the FL training process. In the experiments, we conduct extensive visual classification simulation to evaluate FL-MLT, and the experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of FL-MLT. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Ultra-compact and broadband polarization-insensitive mode-order converting power splitter

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第3期22卷 36-41页

作者：陈浩琪姚润葵汪鹏君符强陈伟伟戴世勋孔德军林健金涛李军戴庭舸杨建义 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China College of Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices The Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

A polarization-insensitive mode-order converting power splitter using a pixelated region is presented and investigated in this *** TE_(0)and TM_(0)modes are injected into the input port,they are converted into TE_(1)and TM_(1)modes,which evenly come out from the two output *** finite-difference time-domain method and direct-binary-search optimization algorithm are utilized to optimize structural parameters of the pixelated region to attain small insertion loss,low crosstalk,wide bandwidth,excellent power uniformity,polarization-insensitive property,and compact *** results reveal that the insertion loss,crosstalk,and power uniformity of the fabricated device at 1550 nm are 0.57,-19.67,and 0.094 d B in the case of TE polarization,while in the TM polarization,the relevant insertion loss,crosstalk,and power uniformity are 0.57,-19.40,and 0.11 d *** a wavelength range from 1520 to 1600 nm,for the fabricated device working at TE polarization,the insertion loss,crosstalk,and power uniformity are lower than 1.39,-17.64,and 0.14 *** the case of TM polarization,we achieved an insertion loss,crosstalk,and power uniformity less than 1.23,-17.62,and 0.14 dB.

关键词： integrated optics optical waveguide polarization-insensitive property mode-order converting power splitter

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Experimental Study on Motion Controller based on NN-ARX and ARMAX Actuator Identification for 3-DoF Delta Parallel Robot

Experimental Study on Motion Controller based on NN-ARX and ...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICROM)

作者： Hasan Jalali Hossein Damavandi Ahmad Kalhor Mehdi Tale Masouleh Human and Robot Interaction Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Faculty of Computer Engineering and Information Technology Sadjad University Mashhad Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Today, system identification plays a pivotal role in control science and offering a myriad of applications. This paper places its focus on the identification of actuator models within real-world delta robots for informing controller design. Two identification methods, namely NN-ARX and ARMAX, have been employed to extract the dynamic characteristics of the robot actuators, resulting in dynamic models of these integral components being derived. These dynamic models have been utilized in simulations for controller design, and due to the disparities in the identification models, distinct controllers have been realized. Subsequently, these controllers have been practically implemented on delta robots, and their performances have been subjected to a comprehensive comparative analysis. The results demonstrate that controllers integrating the identified actuator models outperformed those designed without the incorporation of the identification models. In practice, the implementation of controllers based on NN-ARX yielded the most favorable results among all the tested controllers. This research not only underscores the importance of accurate actuator models in control system design but also highlights the superior performance of neural network-based controllers in real-world robotic applications. In particular, the practical results of NN-ARX-based controllers were able to achieve significantly lower RMSE of 2.3562, 1.9531, and 2.1185 for the three motors, respectively, as opposed to the 4.1369, 3.0125, and 3.0363 achieved by the ARMAX-based controllers.

关键词：

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Towards the Improvement of the Cognitive Process of the Synthesized Speech of Mathematical Expression in MathML: An Eye-Tracking 2

Towards the Improvement of the Cognitive Process of the Synt...

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2nd International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies, IMET 2022

作者： Souza, Adriana Freitas, Diamantino Bahia Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Bahia Brazil Doctoral Program in Digital Media Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Speech Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Porto Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781665470162

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470162

Being one essential part of the solutions we are developing to provide accessibility for blind persons, synthesized speech of mathematical content, although having evolved in naturalness in recent years, still keeps a characteristic of generating very long outputs, which makes it difficult for a person who uses a screen reader to memorize. Eye-gaze tracking has been useful for studying cognitive processes and student's effort in performing tasks therefore it seems attractive as a means to understand how people analyze, process, and break down extensive math expressions into smaller ones. This understanding can help to build a similar model of auditory rendering of MathML capable of avoiding cognitive overload. Therefore, we carried out an experiment to do a gaze-based analysis of reading and memorizing mathematical expressions. Our sample consisted of fourteen participants, and seven mathematical expressions were used in the experiment. The results showed that the computed complexity of the expressions and the average duration of eye-gaze fixations have a strong and significant relationship. Therefore, we conclude that the complexity variable must always be considered in the speech synthesis process of mathematical expressions. However, when considering why participants requested the repetition of an expression with not larger complexity during the memorization process, a tentative interpretation based on the number of MathML tree nodes and the computed complexity of the expressions was not enough to explain it, indicating that other factors need to be investigated. Although some answers to the research questions were not yet conclusive, we consider this research relevant because it points to directions for the work in order to minimize the cognitive processing and mental load of the synthesized speech rendering of mathematical expressions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Eye tracking

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