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Automatic Detection and Characterization of Human Veins Using Infra-Red Image Processing

Journal of computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 141-159页

作者： Jean Ndoumbe Brice Ekobo Akoa Gaelle Patricia Talotsing Frederic Franck Kounga Samuel Kaissassou Bertin Chouanmo Njo Laboratory of Computer Engineering Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer & Telecommunications Engineering National Higher Polytechnic School Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Electrical Engineering Mechatronics and Signal Processing Department of Electrical & Telecommunications Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering Yaound Cameroon Mobile Computing and Networking Research Laboratory Department of Computer and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montreal Montreal Canada DigiPlus SARL Bonamoussadi Douala Cameroon

The detection and characterization of human veins using infrared (IR) image processing have gained significant attention due to its potential applications in biometric identification, medical diagnostics, and vein-based authentication systems. This paper presents a low-cost approach for automatic detection and characterization of human veins from IR images. The proposed method uses image processing techniques including segmentation, feature extraction, and, pattern recognition algorithms. Initially, the IR images are preprocessed to enhance vein structures and reduce noise. Subsequently, a CLAHE algorithm is employed to extract vein regions based on their unique IR absorption properties. Features such as vein thickness, orientation, and branching patterns are extracted using mathematical morphology and directional filters. Finally, a classification framework is implemented to categorize veins and distinguish them from surrounding tissues or artifacts. A setup based on Raspberry Pi was used. Experimental results of IR images demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach in accurately detecting and characterizing human. The developed system shows promising for integration into applications requiring reliable and secure identification based on vein patterns. Our work provides an effective and low-cost solution for nursing staff in low and middle-income countries to perform a safe and accurate venipuncture.

关键词： Vein Detection Blood Radiation Infrared Image CLAHE Algorithm Raspberry Pi

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Nonlinear Optimal Regulation of SIR Epidemic Model via Finite-Horizon SDRE

Nonlinear Optimal Regulation of SIR Epidemic Model via Finit...

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International Conference on computer and Information Technology (ICCIT)

作者： Sudipta Paul Samiul Islam Desineni Subbaram Naidu Md. Abu Hanif Pramanik Department of Electrical Computer & Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute New York USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Bangladesh Department of Electrical Engineering University of Minnesota Duluth USA

A Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model is a popular and fundamental epidemiological model often used to assess the efficacy of disease prevention and control measures. SIR disease model, with the implementation of various optimal control methods, is investigated to determine the optimal ways to lessen the effects of an infectious disease. In this research work, a non-linear, closed-loop, finite-horizon, optimal regulation with state-dependent Riccati equation (FH-SDRE) is implemented in an epidemic model called SIR model with vaccination to minimize the infected and susceptible population. Given the nonlinear dynamics of the SIR epidemic model, initially, this method converts the nonlinear equations into a state-dependent coefficient (SDC) matrix, which holds the nonlinearities of the dynamical system. After that, SDRE is solved at every small time instant over a specified finite time period. The core idea here is to utilize an approximate analytical approach that transforms the differential Riccati equation (DRE) into a differential Lyapunov equation (DLE) during every time period. Then, the real-time solution of the DLE at each of these time steps will result in the control law required to achieve the desired system performance. The effectiveness of the FH-SDRE regulation for the SIR model is demonstrated by minimizing the infected and susceptible population within a desired 30-day time period.

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Trajectory Tracking of Tractor-Trailer Wheeled Mobile Robots via Dynamic Feedback Linearization in Forward and Backward Motion 10

Trajectory Tracking of Tractor-Trailer Wheeled Mobile Robots...

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10th International Conference on Control, Instrumentation and Automation, ICCIA 2024

作者： Olyai, Mohammad Alipour, Khalil Tarvirdizadeh, Bahram Sorouri, Majid Ghamari, Mohammad Laboratory Department of Mechatronics Eng School of Intelligent Systems Engineering College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Tehran Iran Maynooth University Maynooth Department of Electronic Engineering Co. Kildare Ireland Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Department of Computer and Mechatronics Engineering Tehran Iran California Polytechnic State University Electrical Engineering Department San Luis ObispoCA93407 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509972

One type of wheeled mobile robot widely used in public transportation and for carrying high payloads is the tractor-Trailer wheeled robots (TTWRs). This study considers a differentially-driven tractor under pure rolling conditions, which is subject to nonholonomic constraints. Controlling a TTWR in both backward and forward motion is challenging due to inherent instability. To address this issue and achieve trajectory tracking control for these systems, this paper employs dynamic feedback linearization (DFL) to overcome the limitations of static feedback linearization (SFL). The system's response will be examined under various trajectories and initial conditions for both forward and backward motion. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Tractors (truck)

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electrical design of a smart control and monitoring system for small horizontal-axis wind turbines

Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal

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Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 2022年 20卷 116-120页

作者： Vilà, J. Luo, N. Pacheco, L. Pujol, T. Gonzalez, J.R. Ferrer, I. Massaguer, A. Massaguer, E. Department of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Automation Polytechnic School University of Girona Girona17003 Spain Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Construction Polytechnic School University of Girona Girona17003 Spain Department of Computer Architecture and Technology Polytechnic School University of Girona Girona17003 Spain AULA ECOGranja Vilà sustainable engineering Camí Vell de Figueres a Olot S/N Veïnat de Pols Girona17772 Spain

The popularity of small wind turbines would rise in future, because of electricity prices are still growing. Next generation of small wind-turbines can have higher efficiency values. Under wind gusts and turbulences, the system should be very sensitive to wind conditions. In this work, it is presented a control system that can improve the performance of commercial small-scale wind turbines by including active pitch and load control. We show the electrical design of a smart active pitch control to increase the energy generation of micro-wind turbines ( © 2022, European Association for the Development of Renewable Energy, Environment and Power Quality (EA4EPQ). All rights reserved.

关键词： Horizontal axis wind turbine

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Diamond-based plasmonic terahertz devices

Diamond-based plasmonic terahertz devices

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Proceedings of the IEEE Dallas Circuits and Systems Workshop (DCAS)

作者： Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan Yuhiu Zhang Nezih Pala Michael Shur Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University Miami USA Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute New York USA

p-diamond is a strong contender for sub-THz and THz applications specifically due to its large hole effective mass, high optical phonon energy, and, therefore, high momentum relaxation time, and high mobility. It has the potential for efficient operation in the 300 GHz band targeted for future 6G communications. We review some of the recent works on p-diamond TeraFETs demonstrating their potential to detect and transmit sub-THz and THz radiation. We also report on the potential of n-diamond TeraFETs or emerging terahertz applications. One of the main factors in our research that account for the plasma wave dampness of the electron stream is the viscosity of the charge carrier medium in the channel.

关键词： Viscosity Electric potential Resonant frequency Voltage Phonons Logic gates Plasmons

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Policy Gradients for Probabilistic Constrained Reinforcement Learning 57

Policy Gradients for Probabilistic Constrained Reinforcement...

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57th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, CISS 2023

作者： Chen, Weiqin Subramanian, Dharmashankar Paternain, Santiago Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering TroyNY United States Ibm T. J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665451819

This paper considers the problem of learning safe policies in the context of reinforcement learning (RL). In particular, we consider the notion of probabilistic safety. This is, we aim to design policies that maintain the state of the system in a safe set with high probability. This notion differs from cumulative constraints often considered in the literature. The challenge of working with probabilistic safety is the lack of expressions for their gradients. Indeed, policy optimization algorithms rely on gradients of the objective function and the constraints. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first one providing such explicit gradient expressions for probabilistic constraints. It is worth noting that the gradient of this family of constraints can be applied to various policy-based algorithms. We demonstrate empirically that it is possible to handle probabilistic constraints in a continuous navigation problem. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Single-Mode Single-Polarization Hollow-Core Fiber Design at 2 µm

Single-Mode Single-Polarization Hollow-Core Fiber Design at ...

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IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： Herschel Herring Md Selim Habib Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida Polytechnic University Lakeland FL USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Institute of Technology FL USA

A novel hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) design is presented for low-loss, single polarization, and single-mode operation at 2 µm for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The proposed fiber shows ...

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Blockchain-inspired lightweight trust-based system in vehicular networks

Blockchain-inspired lightweight trust-based system in vehicu...

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作者： Kumar Arora, Sandeep Kumar, Gulshan Hedabou, Mustapha Mehdi Amhoud, El Iwendi, Celestine Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara India School of Computer Science Mohammed VI Polytechnic University Ben Guerir Morocco School of Creative Technologies University of Bolton Bolton United Kingdom

A decentralized application runs on the blockchain network without the intervention of a central authority. Transparency in transactions and security in vehicular networks are the issues for central systems. The proposed system uses blockchain-based smart contracts, which eliminate the requirement for any third-party verification. Additionally, with signature verification and reduced overhead, smart contracts also help in a fast and secure transaction. This study suggests a trust-based system paradigm where certificate authority (CA) is employed for vehicle registration. We also propose a blockchain-based system that provides efficient two-way authentication and key agreement through encryption and digital signatures. The analysis of the proposed model reveals that it is an efficient way of establishing distributed trust management, which helps in preserving vehicle privacy. The proposed scheme is tested in Automated Validation of Internet Security-sensitive Protocols (AVISPA), and security parameters verification in Network Simulator 2(NS2) also shows that the proposed scheme is more effective in comparison with existing schemes in terms of authentication cost, storage cost, and overhead. © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Network Management published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Smart contract

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An Unsupervised Adversarial Autoencoder for Cyber Attack Detection in Power Distribution Grids

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zideh, Mehdi Jabbari Khalghani, Mohammad Reza Solanki, Sarika Khushalani The Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida Polytechnic University LakelandFL33805 United States

Detection of cyber attacks in smart power distribution grids with unbalanced configurations poses challenges due to the inherent nonlinear nature of these uncertain and stochastic systems. It originates from the intermittent characteristics of the distributed energy resources (DERs) generation and load variations. Moreover, the unknown behavior of cyber attacks, especially false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in the distribution grids with complex temporal correlations and the limited amount of labeled data increases the vulnerability of the grids and imposes a high risk in the secure and reliable operation of the grids. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an unsupervised adversarial autoencoder (AAE) model to detect FDIAs in unbalanced power distribution grids integrated with DERs, i.e., PV systems and wind generation. The proposed method utilizes long short-term memory (LSTM) in the structure of the autoencoder to capture the temporal dependencies in the time-series measurements and leverages the power of generative adversarial networks (GANs) for better reconstruction of the input data. The advantage of the proposed data-driven model is that it can detect anomalous points for the system operation without reliance on abstract models or mathematical representations. To evaluate the efficacy of the approach, it is tested on IEEE 13-bus and 123-bus systems with historical meteorological data (wind speed, ambient temperature, and solar irradiance) as well as historical real-world load data under three types of data falsification functions. The comparison of the detection results of the proposed model with other unsupervised learning methods verifies its superior performance in detecting cyber attacks in unbalanced power distribution grids. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Active Location Detection of Adversaries in 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN)

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第3期19卷 525-531页

作者： Siyu Zhan Chuan Han Yaling Yang Jianping Li School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University USA

The growing interest in location based service and wireless security in WLAN necessitates the development of an effective scheme which can locate an attacker in a WLAN to make him account for his misdemeanors and expel him out of the network. On the other hand, while localization has been an active area of research recently, current research of secure localization mostly focuses on getting correct locations of legitimate users despite the existence of malicious attacks. There is little effort on how to locate an attacker who is equipped with advanced radio technologies to distort traditional localization system's location estimation. To fill in this challenging technical void, in this paper, a novel localization scheme is proposed, called ALD, which can locate the attacker with traditional range-free localization equipments. The main idea here is to use coordination of multiple APs to locate the attacker and optimize the process with a finite horizon discrete Markov decision process (MDP). An approximation algorithm is proposed to pre-compute the MDP efficiently. The solution then can be stored in APs without requiring any strong computation capability and special hardware. The ALD scheme can be supported by IEEE 802.11 and many other wireless network standards.

关键词： Location awareness Wireless LAN Estimation error Wireless networks Simulation Markov processes Approximation algorithms

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