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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lee, Jun-Yong Kumari, Asha Yuan, Ye Tasinkevych, Mykola Smalyukh, Ivan I. International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex topology are rarely considered. On the other hand, singular defects and topological solitons often define the physical behavior of the molecular alignment director fields in liquid crystals. Interestingly, nematic liquid crystalline dispersions of colloidal particles allow for probing the interplay between topologies of surfaces and fields, but only a limited number of such cases have been explored so far. Here, we study the hybridization of topological solitons, singular defects, and topologically nontrivial colloidal particles with the genus of surfaces different from zero in a chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Hybridization occurs when distortions separately induced by colloidal particles and LC solitons overlap, leading to energy minimization-driven redistribution of director field deformations and defects. As a result, hybrid director configurations emerge, combining topological features from both components. We uncover a host of director field configurations complying with topological theorems, which can be controlled by applying electric fields. Rotational and translational dynamics arise due to the nonreciprocal evolution of the director fields in response to alternating electric fields of different frequencies. These findings help define a platform for controlling topologically hyper-complex colloidal structures and dynamics with electrically reconfigurable singular defects and topological solitons induced by colloidal handlebodies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Ensemble ranking: An aggregation of multiple multicriteria methods and scenarios and its application to power generation planning

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Decision Analytics Journal 2024年 10卷

作者： Alves, Marcos Antonio Oliveira, Bruno Alberto Soares Guimarães, Frederico Gadelha Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 MG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil FITec - Technological Innovations Av. Cristóvão Colombo 485 Funcionários MG Belo Horizonte 30140-150 Brazil Department of Computer Science Rua Reitor Píres Albuquerque ICEx MG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil

Evaluating maintenance plans for power generation is a critical task managed by the National System Operator, as it is directly related to criteria such as operational cost, rationing, and availability of natural resources. This study identifies the most suitable maintenance schedule between uncertainties related to solution ranking methods and future scenarios. We investigated the performance of various multicriteria decision-making methods, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), TODIM ((an acronym in Portuguese for Interactive Multicriteria decision-making), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment (WASPAS), in prioritizing maintenance plans across three scenarios. These included a scenario derived from an energy generation problem and two others based on variations in hydrology and energy demand parameters. The results analyze and discuss the similarities and differences in the rankings. Due to the lack of consensus among the methods regarding the optimal maintenance plan, we propose an ensemble ranking that considers an important factor for both the method and the scenario. The solution from the ensemble ranking, compared to the lowest-cost solution obtained in the optimization process, showed a slight cost increase of 0.32% and a 9.34% deviation from the base maintenance plan, yet it can deal with different uncertainties. The findings of this study can provide useful and robust information to energy stakeholders and serve as a reference for energy policy. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Generation maintenance scheduling problems Hydrothermal dispatch Multicriteria decision-making Power generation planning Robust decision-making Uncertainty scenarios

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Minimizing Number of Nodes in Decision Trees with Hypotheses

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Procedia computer Science 2021年 192卷 232-240页

作者： Mohammad Azad Igor Chikalov Shahid Hussain Mikhail Moshkov Jouf University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Science Sakaka 72441 Saudi Arabia Intel Corporation 5000 W Chandler Blvd Chandler AZ 85226 USA Habib University Dhanani School of Science and Engineering Computer Science Program Karachi 75290 Pakistan King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we consider decision trees that use both conventional queries based on one attribute each and queries based on hypotheses about values of all attributes. This approach is similar to one studied in exact learning, where membership and equivalence queries are considered. We propose dynamic programming algorithms for the minimization of the number of nodes in such decision trees and discuss results of computer experiments.

关键词： Decision tree Hypothesis Number of nodes

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A comparison on the use of Perlin-noise and Gaussian noise based augmentation on X-ray classification of lung cancer patient 1

A comparison on the use of Perlin-noise and Gaussian noise b...

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1st International Symposium on Physics and Applications, ISPA 2020

作者： Haekal, M. Septiawan, R.R. Haryanto, F. Arif, I. Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Data Analytics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS Sukolilo-Surabaya Jawa Timur60111 Indonesia Computer Engineering Study Program School of Electrical Engineering Telkom University Jl. Telekomunikasi No.1 Jawa Barat Bandung40257 Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganeca 10 Jawa Barat Bandung40132 Indonesia

The use of deep learning in medical image classification has become an important study in the past few years. The proper use of this method, however, is still hindered by many problems, one of it being the imbalance of dataset available for training which resulted in small-set database. In this study, the effect of noise-based augmentation on the performance of deep learning based classification will be studied. The noises which were used for the augmentation method were Perlin-noise and Gaussian noise. The modality of medical image used in this study is X-ray. 174 X-ray images (87 cancer, 87 normal) were used in this study and will be classified by using transfer learning from previously trained deep learning architecture. The deep learning architecture used was vgg-19. The images were divided into two groups, 138 (69 cancer, 69 normal) images were used for training phase and 36 (18 cancer, 18 normal) were images used for testing phase. Three deep learning models were used for the classification tasks, the first one was retrained to classify the original images, the second one was retrained by using mix of original images and images with Perlin-noise, and the third one was retrained by using mix of original images and images with Gaussian noise. The results showed that the three models returned similar accuracy of 0.8 which indicate that the use of noise-based augmentation can increase the performance of deep learning in classifying medical images with small set training database. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Phase transition in magic with random quantum circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Niroula, Pradeep White, Christopher David Wang, Qingfeng Johri, Sonika Zhu, Daiwei Monroe, Christopher Noel, Crystal Gullans, Michael J. Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland and NIST College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland and NIST College ParkMD20742 United States Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States IonQ Inc. College ParkMD20740 United States Duke Quantum Center Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27701 United States

Magic is a property of quantum states that enables universal fault-tolerant quantum computing using simple sets of gate operations. Understanding the mechanisms by which magic is created or destroyed is, therefore, a crucial step towards efficient and practical fault-tolerant computation. We observe that a random stabilizer code subject to coherent errors exhibits a phase transition in magic, which we characterize through analytic, numeric and experimental probes. Below a critical error rate, stabilizer syndrome measurements remove the accumulated magic in the circuit, effectively protecting against coherent errors;above the critical error rate syndrome measurements concentrate magic. A better understanding of such rich behavior in the resource theory of magic could shed more light on origins of quantum speedup and pave pathways for more efficient magic state generation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Random errors

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Multimode Ultrastrong Coupling in Three-Dimensional Photonic-Crystal Cavities

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Mojibpour, Ali Sanders, Stephen Liang, Shuang Xu, Hongjing Gardner, Geoff C. Baydin, Andrey Manfra, Michael J. Alabastri, Alessandro Hagenmüller, David Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg67000 France Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Recent theoretical studies have highlighted the role of spatially varying cavity electromagnetic fields in exploring novel cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) phenomena, such as the potential realization of the elusive Dicke superradiant phase transition. One-dimensional photonic-crystal cavities (PCCs), widely used for studying solid-state cQED systems, have uniform spatial profiles in the lateral plane. Three-dimensional (3D) PCCs, which exhibit discrete in-plane translational symmetry, overcome this limitation, but fabrication challenges have hindered the achievement of strong coupling in 3D-PCCs. Here, we report the realization of multimode ultrastrong coupling in a 3D-PCC at terahertz frequencies. The multimode coupling between the 3D-PCC’s cavity modes and the cyclotron resonance of a Landau-quantized two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs is significantly influenced by the spatial profiles of the cavity modes, leading to distinct coupling scenarios depending on the probe polarization. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with a multimode extended Hopfield model that accounts for the spatial inhomogeneity of the cavity field. Guided by the model, we discuss the possible strong ground-state correlations between different cavity modes and introduce relevant figures of merit for the multimode ultrastrong coupling regime. Our findings emphasize the importance of spatially nonuniform cavity mode profiles in probing nonintuitive quantum phenomena expected for the ground states of cQED systems in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electron cyclotron resonance

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Spatially-varying microscope calibration from unstructured sparse inputs

Spatially-varying microscope calibration from unstructured s...

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Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging, COSI 2020 - Part of Imaging and Applied Optics Congress 2020

作者： Kuo, Grace Monakhova, Kristina Yanny, Kyrollos Ng, Ren Waller, Laura Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

We propose a method based on blind deconvolution to calibrate the spatially-varying point spread functions of a coded-aperture microscope system. From easy-to-acquire measurements of unstructured fluorescent beads, we... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Optical transfer function

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Reachability Analysis of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems Using Polyhedral Relaxations and Constrained Zonotopes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Rego, Brenner S. Raffo, Guilherme V. Terra, Marco H. Scott, Joseph K. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Dr. AtlantaGA30318 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of São Paulo SP São Carlos13566-590 Brazil Department of Electronics Engineering the Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais MG Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil

This paper presents a novel algorithm for reachability analysis of nonlinear discrete-time systems. The proposed method combines constrained zonotopes (CZs) with polyhedral relaxations of factorable representations of nonlinear functions to propagate CZs through nonlinear functions, which is normally done using conservative linearization techniques. The new propagation method provides better approximations than those resulting from linearization procedures, leading to significant improvements in the computation of reachable sets in comparison to other CZ methods from the literature. Numerical examples highlight the advantages of the proposed algorithm. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Machine learning for improved current-density reconstruction from two-dimensional vector magnetic images

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Physical Review Applied 2025年第3期23卷 034035-034035页

作者： Niko R. Reed Danyal Bhutto Matthew J. Turner Declan M. Daly Sean M. Oliver Jiashen Tang Kevin S. Olsson Nicholas Langellier Mark J.H. Ku Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown Massachusetts USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA The MITRE Corporation McLean Virginia 22102 USA Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA Present address: VideaHealth Inc. Boston MA. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA Present address: Northrop Grumman Mission Systems Linthicum Maryland 21090 USA.

The reconstruction of electrical current densities from magnetic field measurements is an important technique with applications in materials science, circuit design, quality control, plasma physics, and biology. Analytic reconstruction methods exist for planar currents, but break down in the presence of high-spatial-frequency noise or large standoff distance, restricting the types of systems that can be studied. Here, we demonstrate the use of a deep convolutional neural network for current density reconstruction from two-dimensional images of vector magnetic fields acquired by a quantum diamond microscope . Trained network performance significantly exceeds analytic reconstruction for data with high noise or large standoff distances. This machine learning technique can perform quality inversions on lower-signal-to-noise-ratio data, significantly reducing the data collection time and permitting reconstructions of weaker and three-dimensional current sources.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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electrical Gating of the Charge-Density-Wave Phases in Quasi-2D h-BN/1T-TaS2 Devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Taheri, Maedeh Brown, Jonas Rehman, Adil Sesing, Nicholas R. Kargar, Fariborz Salguero, Tina T. Rumyantsev, Sergey Balandin, Alexander A. Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States CENTERA Laboratories Institute of High-Pressure Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-142 Poland Department of Chemistry University of Georgia AthensGA30602 United States Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials Center Materials Science and Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We report on electrical gating of the charge-density-wave phases and current in h-BN capped three-terminal 1T-TaS2 heterostructure devices. It is demonstrated that the application of a gate bias can shift the source-drain current-voltage hysteresis associated with the transition between the nearly commensurate and incommensurate charge-density wave phases. The evolution of the hysteresis and the presence of abrupt spikes in the current while sweeping the gate voltage suggest that the effect is electrical rather than self-heating. We attribute the gating to an electric-field effect on the commensurate charge-density-wave domains in the atomic planes near the gate dielectric. The transition between the nearly commensurate and incommensurate charge-density-wave phases can be induced by both the source-drain current and the electrostatic gate. Since the charge-density-wave phases are persistent in 1T-TaS2 at room temperature, one can envision memory applications of such devices when scaled down to the dimensions of individual commensurate domains and few-atomic plane thicknesses. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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