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Parameter-free differential evolution algorithm for the analytic continuation of imaginary time correlation functions

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Physical Review E 2022年第2期106卷 025312-025312页

作者： Nathan S. Nichols Paul Sokol Adrian Del Maestro Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics University of Vermont Burlington Vermont 05405 USA Materials Science Program University of Vermont Burlington Vermont 05404 USA Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47408 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA

We report on differential evolution for analytic continuation: a parameter-free evolutionary algorithm to generate the dynamic structure factor from imaginary time correlation functions. Our approach to this long-standing problem in quantum many-body physics achieves enhanced spectral fidelity while using fewer compute (CPU) hours. The need for fine-tuning of algorithmic control parameters is eliminated by embedding them within the genome to be optimized for this evolutionary computation-based algorithm. Benchmarks are presented for models where the dynamic structure factor is known exactly and experimentally relevant results are included for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of bulk He4 below the superfluid transition temperature.

关键词： Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Helium-4 superfluids Genetic algorithm Neutron scattering Numerical techniques Path-integral Monte Carlo Quantum Monte Carlo

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Indecision under time pressure arises from suboptimal switching behaviour

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Journal of neurophysiology 2025年第1期134卷 2025 May 17页

作者： Seth R Sullivan Rakshith Lokesh Jan A Calalo Truc Ngo John H Buggeln Adam M Roth Christopher Peters Isaac Kurtzer Michael J Carter Joshua G A Cashaback Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware. Biomechanics and Movements Science Program University of Delaware. College of Osteopathic Medicine New York Institute of Technology. Department of Kinesiology McMaster University. Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Delaware.

Indecisive behaviour can be catastrophic, leading to car crashes or stock market losses. Despite fruitful efforts across several decades to understand decision-making, there has been little research on what leads to indecision. Here we examined how indecisions arise under high-pressure deadlines. In our first experiment participants attempted to select a target by either reacting to a stimulus or guessing, when acting under a high pressure time constraint. We found that participants were suboptimal, displaying a below chance win percentage due to an excessive number of indecisions. Computational modelling suggested that participants were excessively indecisive because they failed to account for a time delay and temporal uncertainty when switching from reacting to guessing, a phenomenon previously unreported in the literature. In a follow-up experiment we pro- vide direct evidence for a functionally relevant time delay and temporal uncertainty when switching from reacting to guessing. Collectively, our results indicate that participants failed to account for a time delay and temporal uncertainty associated with switching from reacting to guessing, leading to suboptimal and indecisive behaviour.

关键词： decision-making indecision sensorimotor suboptimal timing

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Quantum Atomic Matter Near Two-Dimensional Materials in Microgravity

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Maestro, Adrian Del Kim, Sang Wook Bigelow, Nicholas P. Thompson, Robert J. Kotov, Valeri N. Department of Physics and Astronomy Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Department of Physics and Materials Science Program University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Institute of Optics Center for Coherence and Quantum Optics University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States

Novel two-dimensional (2D) atomically flat materials, such as graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, exhibit unconventional Dirac electronic spectra. We propose to effectively engineer their interactions with cold atoms in microgravity, leading to a synergy between complex electronic and atomic collective quantum phases and phenomena. Dirac materials are susceptible to manipulation and quantum engineering via changes in their electronic properties by application of strain, doping with carriers, adjustment of their dielectric environment, etc. Consequently the interaction of atoms with such materials, namely the van der Waals / Casimir-Polder interaction, can be effectively manipulated, leading to the potential observation of physical effects such as Quantum Reflection off atomically thin materials and confined Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) frequency shifts. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transition metals

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Deep Automatic Alignment of Mpox Dermatological Hand Photography

Deep Automatic Alignment of Mpox Dermatological Hand Photogr...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Bohan Jiang Andrew McNeil Yihao Liu Gaurav Rudravaram Inga Saknite Placide Mbala-Kingebeni Olivier Tshiani Mbaya Tyra Silaphet Rachel Weiss Lori E. Dodd Veronique Nussenblatt Daniel Moyer Bennett A. Landman Benoit M. Dawant Eric R. Tkaczyk Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Dermatology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Veterans Affairs Dermatology Service and Research Service Nashville TN USA Biophotonics Laboratory University of Latvia Riga Latvia Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Frederick MD USA Clinical Trials Research Section Division of Clinical Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Bethesda MD USA Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Bethesda MD USA Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

Mpox is a viral illness with heavy cutaneous involvement. Automatic tracking of mpox lesion progression is critical in determining the resolution of evolving lesions. This work introduces a novel application of deep learning for lesion monitoring through alignment of dermatological hand photographs. By adapting the VoxelMorph framework for 2D photographic data, we explore key point alignment across serial images. We trained our neural network model on a unique dataset of 1,658 hand images and evaluated its performance on a test set of 254 images. Additionally, we validated the method's generalizability with a supplementary set of 500 images, which included extensive Mpox infection. Our findings indicate modest yet significant improvements in key points and lesion center registration across different regularization strengths. Although promising, the complexity of hand structure presents challenges, requiring cautious application and further refinement, especially in regions with intense spatial discontinuities, such as interdigital areas.

关键词： Hands Photography Deep learning Training Three-dimensional displays Image resolution Neural networks Parametric statistics Lesions Monitoring

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Enhanced nonlinearity in a functionalized whispering gallery mode microcavity

Enhanced nonlinearity in a functionalized whispering gallery...

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2020 Frontiers in Optics Conference, FiO 2020

作者： Pampel, Steven K. Bae, Kyuyoung Horning, Thomas M. Zohrabi, Mo Grayson, Michael Park, Wounjhang Gopinath, Juliet T. Department of Physics University of Boulder Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Boulder Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

We report a ~3x increase in third-harmonic generation conversion efficiency using indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles on the surface of a silica microsphere. This establishes ITO-microresonators as a promising tool f... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580804

关键词： Microresonators

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Effective suppression of leakage current in SnO x thin films enabled by low-concentration Al doping

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Optical Materials 2025年 167卷

作者： Junzhe Zhang Zhong Pan Yumeng Guo Yunhui Jang Mengmeng Chu Jangkun Song Yongsang Kim Muhammad Quddamah Khokhar Junsin Yi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea Department of Display Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Photovoltaic System Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea

SnO 2 inherently exhibits a high carrier concentration, which, while beneficial for conductivity, poses reliability challenges in electronic devices, including leakage current, threshold voltage drift, and overall performance degradation. To address these issues and enhance device stability, this study demonstrates that low-concentration Al doping via atomic layer deposition (ALD) effectively modulates the carrier density of SnO x thin films, leading to improved electrical properties. Optimized 2 % Al-doped SnO x thin films, annealed at 600 °C in oxygen for 1 h, exhibit enhanced device performance, achieving a mobility of 2.87 cm 2 /V·s, a leakage current reduction from 10 −8 A to 10 −10 A, and an on-off ratio of 10 6 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveals a significant reduction in oxygen vacancies after Al doping, which plays a crucial role in suppressing leakage pathways and stabilizing the threshold voltage. These improvements contribute to enhanced device reliability and electrical stability. Furthermore, the tailored Al doping strategy not only effectively controls the carrier concentration but also preserves the intrinsic conductivity of SnO x , making it a promising approach for high-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) and optoelectronic applications. This work highlights the effectiveness of precise dopant engineering in optimizing metal oxide semiconductors, providing a scalable strategy to enhance device longevity and functionality.

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CONVERGENCE SPEED AND APPROXIMATION ACCURACY OF NUMERICAL MCMC

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Cui, Tiangang Dong, Jing Jasra, Ajay Tong, Xin T. School of Mathematics Monash University Australia Graduate School of Business Columbia University United States Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Singapore

When implementing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, perturbation caused by numerical errors is sometimes inevitable. This paper studies how perturbation of MCMC affects the convergence speed and Monte Carlo estimation accuracy. Our results show that when the original Markov chain converges to stationarity fast enough and the perturbed transition kernel is a good approximation to the original transition kernel, the corresponding perturbed sampler has similar convergence speed and high approximation accuracy as well. We discuss two different analysis frameworks: ergodicity and spectral gap, both are widely used in the literature. Our results can be easily extended to obtain non-asymptotic error bounds for MCMC estimators. We also demonstrate how to apply our convergence and approximation results to the analysis of specific sampling algorithms, including Random walk Metropolis and Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm with perturbed target densities, and parallel tempering Monte Carlo with perturbed densities. Finally we present some simple numerical examples to verify our theoretical claims. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Hybridization of colloidal handlebodies with singular defects and topological solitons in chiral liquid crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lee, Jun-Yong Kumari, Asha Yuan, Ye Tasinkevych, Mykola Smalyukh, Ivan I. International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex topology are rarely considered. On the other hand, singular defects and topological solitons often define the physical behavior of the molecular alignment director fields in liquid crystals. Interestingly, nematic liquid crystalline dispersions of colloidal particles allow for probing the interplay between topologies of surfaces and fields, but only a limited number of such cases have been explored so far. Here, we study the hybridization of topological solitons, singular defects, and topologically nontrivial colloidal particles with the genus of surfaces different from zero in a chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Hybridization occurs when distortions separately induced by colloidal particles and LC solitons overlap, leading to energy minimization-driven redistribution of director field deformations and defects. As a result, hybrid director configurations emerge, combining topological features from both components. We uncover a host of director field configurations complying with topological theorems, which can be controlled by applying electric fields. Rotational and translational dynamics arise due to the nonreciprocal evolution of the director fields in response to alternating electric fields of different frequencies. These findings help define a platform for controlling topologically hyper-complex colloidal structures and dynamics with electrically reconfigurable singular defects and topological solitons induced by colloidal handlebodies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Ensemble ranking: An aggregation of multiple multicriteria methods and scenarios and its application to power generation planning

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Decision Analytics Journal 2024年 10卷

作者： Alves, Marcos Antonio Oliveira, Bruno Alberto Soares Guimarães, Frederico Gadelha Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 MG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil FITec - Technological Innovations Av. Cristóvão Colombo 485 Funcionários MG Belo Horizonte 30140-150 Brazil Department of Computer Science Rua Reitor Píres Albuquerque ICEx MG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil

Evaluating maintenance plans for power generation is a critical task managed by the National System Operator, as it is directly related to criteria such as operational cost, rationing, and availability of natural resources. This study identifies the most suitable maintenance schedule between uncertainties related to solution ranking methods and future scenarios. We investigated the performance of various multicriteria decision-making methods, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), TODIM ((an acronym in Portuguese for Interactive Multicriteria decision-making), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment (WASPAS), in prioritizing maintenance plans across three scenarios. These included a scenario derived from an energy generation problem and two others based on variations in hydrology and energy demand parameters. The results analyze and discuss the similarities and differences in the rankings. Due to the lack of consensus among the methods regarding the optimal maintenance plan, we propose an ensemble ranking that considers an important factor for both the method and the scenario. The solution from the ensemble ranking, compared to the lowest-cost solution obtained in the optimization process, showed a slight cost increase of 0.32% and a 9.34% deviation from the base maintenance plan, yet it can deal with different uncertainties. The findings of this study can provide useful and robust information to energy stakeholders and serve as a reference for energy policy. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Generation maintenance scheduling problems Hydrothermal dispatch Multicriteria decision-making Power generation planning Robust decision-making Uncertainty scenarios

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Minimizing Number of Nodes in Decision Trees with Hypotheses

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Procedia computer Science 2021年 192卷 232-240页

作者： Mohammad Azad Igor Chikalov Shahid Hussain Mikhail Moshkov Jouf University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Science Sakaka 72441 Saudi Arabia Intel Corporation 5000 W Chandler Blvd Chandler AZ 85226 USA Habib University Dhanani School of Science and Engineering Computer Science Program Karachi 75290 Pakistan King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we consider decision trees that use both conventional queries based on one attribute each and queries based on hypotheses about values of all attributes. This approach is similar to one studied in exact learning, where membership and equivalence queries are considered. We propose dynamic programming algorithms for the minimization of the number of nodes in such decision trees and discuss results of computer experiments.

关键词： Decision tree Hypothesis Number of nodes

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