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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Evans, Jeffrey Kirleis, Matthew Smith, Casey Purdue University United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States ASEE ACM IEEE Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Program Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Advanced Micro Devices Austin TX United States

The area of chemical analysis is growing rapidly, supporting areas related to Bioengineering, such as pharmaceuticals and genetics. High throughput of analyses is becoming more critical. As the size of each sample shrinks, so to does the time available to perform accurate analysis due to evaporation and other contamination factors. New materials and processes are being created in order to provide the ability to analyze large numbers of samples in a reasonable period of time. One such project at Purdue is reducing the size of samples even further, while increasing the spatial density of a group of samples. This requires increased precision in two-dimensional alignment and sample deposition. Students in electrical and computer engineering technology participated in an interdisciplinary project with chemical engineering students to automate a mostly manual alignment and deposition process. Automation of this process involves the integration and precise computer control of several disjoint instruments. The primary objective of this work was to increase throughput by several orders of magnitude. Secondary goals include system characterization and prediction of throughput upper bounds using available technology and off-the-shelf components. Successful completion of these objectives requires a combination of skills learned in the classroom as well as teamwork among students within specific disciplines as well as those from others, where technical languages and dialects are different. This paper describes the problem and subsequent design, implementation and system characterization activities undertaken. New and innovative test and measurement techniques were developed, requiring creative solutions using and stretching those learned in the classroom. Descriptions of the obstacles, methods, lessons learned, and throughput improvement results are presented. This work has provided a unique opportunity for interdisciplinary collaboration and research and development experiences

关键词： Process control

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Challenges in curriculum adaptation across institutions of higher education: International and national student transfer

Challenges in curriculum adaptation across institutions of h...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Kempter, Roland Furse, Cynthia Safai, Nick Cotter, Neil Brinton, Lee University of Utah United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah United States Center of Excellence for Smart Sensor Center of Excellence for Smart Sensors University of Utah United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Research for LiveWire Test Labs Inc. Salt Lake City College United States Engineering Department United States Japan United States SLCC South Africa Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah United States Salt Lake Community College United States Electrical Engineering Program Department of Electrical Engineering Salt Lake Community College United States IEEE

The challenges associated with student transfer between institutions of higher education are investigated. The Utah System of Higher Education (USHE) requires that undergraduate courses from non-ABET accredited institutions are recognized across public universities and colleges in Utah. Based on empirical data, we show that as a result, curriculum development now has to take place across institutions. As a first step, to maintain academic standards in this changing environment, before granted major status in electrical engineering, we propose an admissions test for all students. In addition, undergraduate student performance could be continuously monitored, similar to the monitoring process of international graduate students. Typically, the change in academic environment for students also includes the transition from a more personal to a more anonymous setting. Thus, we propose the creation of a "transfer student academic advisory" position - similar to an international advisor - in all colleges across Utah. Our research is a first step towards the goal of achieving unified engineering programs across institutions. © American Society for engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： engineering education

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Autofluorescence Patterns in Short-Term Cultures of Normal Cervical Tissue

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Photochemistry and Photobiology 2007年第6期71卷

作者： Carrie K. Brookner Michele Follen Iouri Boiko Javier Galvan Sharon Thomsen Anais Malpica Seigo Suzuki Reuben Lotan Rebecca Richards-Kortum Biomedical Engineering Program and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX Department of Gynecologic Oncology U. T. M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX Department of Pathology U. T. M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX Department of Tumor Biology U. T. M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX.

Fluorescence spectroscopy has potential to improve cervical precancer detection. The relationship between tissue biochemistry and fluorescence is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to characterize normal cervical autofluorescence, using fresh tissue short-term tissue cultures and epithelial cell suspensions. Transverse, short-term tissue cultures were prepared from 31 cervical biopsies; autofluorescence images were obtained at 380 and 460 nm excitation. Fluorescence excitation–emission matrices were measured from normal, precancerous and cancerous cervical cell suspensions. Observed fluorescence patterns contrast those reported for frozen–thawed tissue, and were placed into groups with (1) bright epithelial and weak stromal fluorescence; (2) similar epithelial and stromal fluorescence; and (3) weak epithelial and bright stromal fluorescence. The average ages of women in the groups were 30.9, 38.0 and 49.2 years. Epithelial fluorescence intensity was similar in Groups 1 and 2, but weaker in Group 3. Stromal intensity was similar in Groups 2 and 3, but weaker in Group 1. The ratio of epithelial to stromal fluorescence intensity was significantly different for all groups. EEMs of cell suspensions showed peaks consistent with tryptophan, reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Short-term tissue cultures represent a novel, biologically appropriate model to understand cervical autofluorescence. Our results suggest a biological basis for the increased fluorescence seen in older, postmenopausal women.

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Student engagement through mathematical applications in electrical power systems

Student engagement through mathematical applications in elec...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Osorno, Bruno California State University Northridge United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering California State University Northridge United States Electric Power Systems Graduate and Undergraduate Program

Historically, electrical engineering students have been very proficient in the application of mathematics. At California State University we have experienced, recently, a negative shift of mathematical interest and therefore a lack of progress in the understanding of basic concepts that require a strong mathematical background. This problem stems from the lack of mathematical skills and studying habits. One way to solve this problem is to engage our students into the application of mathematics with simple, yet, powerful problems. An assessment of such engagement occurs every week with a quiz that spans the material covered during the previous week and tests some of the mathematical and engineering skills. This paper attempts to show the results of such assessment and the outcome of a class in which such approach was tasted. During this semester we are testing this technique again in a different course. © American Society for engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： Students

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A game theoretic model for network upgrade decisions 44

A game theoretic model for network upgrade decisions

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44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing 2006

作者： Musacchio, John Walrand, Jean Wu, Shuang Technology and Information Management Program University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781604237924

We develop a game theoretic model for studying when interconnected Internet Service Providers (ISP)s will decide to upgrade their networks. We are in particular interested in network upgrades to better accommodate real-time applications like voice over IP, but our game model is applicable to other types of upgrade. Achieving the full benefit from network upgrades requires that enough ISPs upgrade so that the users' traffic encounters only upgraded ISPs as it traverses the Internet. This situation gives rise to two important effects. One effect is that providers are reluctant to be first to invest in an upgrade when the full benefit of the upgrade cannot be achieved until their peers do the same. The second effect is that when a provider upgrades, the quality of the Internet as a whole increases, increasing demand, and thereby increasing revenue for all ISPs - including those who have not invested in the upgrade. This free-rider effect gives providers a temptation to not upgrade and instead enjoy the benefits of their peers upgrading. Our game model takes into account both effects, and finds sufficient conditions for it to be a Nash equilibrium the ISPs involved in the game to decide to upgrade. There are a large number of other equilibria for this game, so we also find stronger conditions under which the Nash equilibrium in which all providers upgrade is the unique Nash equilibrium. Another important feature of network upgrade costs is that they are declining as technology improves. We extend our original game model for upgrades to take into account declining upgrade costs and study what effects this has on the game's outcome.

关键词： Internet service providers

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Optimizing wireless communication using adaptive packet sizing and turbo codes

Optimizing wireless communication using adaptive packet sizi...

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2006 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium, WTS

作者： Mittal, Manish S. Gemmill, Jill Orthner, Helmuth F. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alabama Birmingham United States Department of Academic Computing University of Alabama Birmingham United States Dept. of HSA Health Informatics Program University of Alabama Birmingham United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400465

Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have very dynamic channel properties and the data communication suffers from interference, multi-path fading and noise. Since wireless devices are mobile, factors such as energy consumption, effective coverage area and most of all reliability and quality of service are of key importance. The 802.11a/b/g wireless protocols employ static link layer control and transmit packets/frames with pre-determined sizes. This paper focuses on benefits derived from combining adaptive packet/frame sizing with Forward Error Correcting (FEC) Turbo codes. Protecting the data frames on the channel, using FEC enhances efficiency of dynamic packet sizing and is shown to increase energy efficiency and communication range. Adaptive packet sizing software from SmartPackets Inc. and Turbo code simulations are used to discover parameters that are common to both and affect communication efficiency. A multi-fold improvement in throughput is found when these technologies are used simultaneously. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Turbo codes

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Increasing the Performance of Cortically-Controlled Prostheses

Increasing the Performance of Cortically-Controlled Prosthes...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Krishna V. Shenoy Teresa H. Santhanam Stephen I. Ryu Afsheen Afshar Byron M. Yu Vikash Gilja Michael D. Linderman Rachel S. Kalmar John P. Cunningham Caleb T. Kemere Aaron P. Batista Mark M. Churchland Teresa H. Meng Department of Electrical Engineering Neurosciences Program Department of Neurosurgery Medical Scientist Training Program Department of Electrical Engineering Da-Yeh University Taiwan Department of Computer Science Stanford CA USA

Neural prostheses have received considerable attention due to their potential to dramatically improve the quality of life of severely disabled patients. Cortically-controlled prostheses are able to translate neural activity from cerebral cortex into control signals for guiding computer cursors or prosthetic limbs. Non-invasive and invasive electrode techniques can be used to measure neural activity, with the latter promising considerably higher levels of performance and therefore functionality to patients. We review here some of our recent experimental and computational work aimed at establishing a principled design methodology to increase electrodebased cortical prosthesis performance to near theoretical limits. Studies discussed include translating unprecedentedly brief periods of “plan” activity into high information rate (6.5 bits/s) control signals, improving decode algorithms and optimizing visual target locations for further performance increases, and recording from chronically implanted arrays in freely behaving monkeys to characterize neuron stability. Taken together, these results should substantially increase the clinical viability of cortical prostheses.

关键词： Prosthetics Neural prosthesis Neurons Electrodes USA Councils Central nervous system Design methodology Communication system control Decoding Medical treatment

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Blank slate engineering at Florida Gulf Coast University - Innovative and multidisciplinary from the ground up

Blank slate engineering at Florida Gulf Coast University - I...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Blanchard, Susan Egiebor, Nosa Sweeney, James Zidek, Lisa Sechrist, Chalmers Hulbert, Sam Osborn, James O'Neill, Robert Florida Gulf Coast University United States FGCU School of Engineering Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Biomedical Engineering Society American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering United Kingdom Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Arizona State University United States Department of Bioengineering Department of Bioengineering Arizona State University United States Flinn Foundation Funded Multi- and Interdisciplinary Graduate Training Program in Bioengineering Milwaukee School of Engineering United States Graduate Programs Industrial Engineering Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Rose-Hulman Institute for Technology School of Engineering FGCU School of Engineering's Advisory Board Roger Williams University United States Department of Civil Engineering Department of Engineering Roger Williams University United States

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Hardware Single-Switch Keyboard and Mouse Replacement for computer Control

Hardware Single-Switch Keyboard and Mouse Replacement for Co...

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Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference

作者： E. Chabot J. DiCecco N. Baugh Ying Sun Biomedical Engineering Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston RI USA

A practical, low-cost device is constructed to emulate a computer keyboard and mouse through a single-switch input. Most of the current single-switch computer interface designs focus on simplified hardware implementations with a major portion handled on the destination computer in software. Our device called the PowerKeyboard provides an operating system independent, hardware, single-switch interface for persons of limited mobility or a form of paralysis. A combination of scanning and scrolling techniques provide the available keystroke and mouse control commands on an Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The triggering of a switch transmits the selected action or executes a stored configuration command of the PowerKeyboard, such as scrolling rate. In this paper, we present the design of the Power Keyboard and compare it to existing designs.

关键词： Hardware Keyboards Mice Switches computer displays Microcontrollers computer interfaces Biomedical computing Liquid crystal displays Power engineering computing

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Improved optical design for fast scanning RMA

Improved optical design for fast scanning RMA

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Biomedical Topical Meeting, BIO 2006

作者： Chen, Nan Guang Liu, Linbo Division of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Graduate Program in Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore

We have developed a double-pass rotary mirror array for fast scanning optical delay line with improved optical coupling. Such a device is ideal for real-time optical coherence tomography. © 2006 Optical Society o... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528071

关键词： Optical design

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