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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mejia, Amanda F. Bolin, David Spencer, Daniel A. Eloyan, Ani Department of Statistics Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division KAUST Saudi Arabia Department of Biostatistics Brown University ProvidenceRI United States

Brain functional connectivity (FC), the temporal synchrony between brain networks, is essential to understand the functional organization in the brain and to identify changes due to neurological disorders, development, treatment, and other phenomena. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a matrix decomposition method used extensively for simultaneous estimation of functional brain topography and connectivity. However, estimation of FC via ICA is often sub-optimal due to the use of ad-hoc estimation methods or temporal dimension reduction prior to ICA. Bayesian ICA methods can avoid dimension reduction, produce more accurate estimates of latent variables and model parameters, and facilitate inference via posterior distributions. In this paper, we develop a novel, computationally feasible Bayesian ICA method with population-derived priors on both the spatial ICs and their temporal correlation. For the latter we consider two priors: the inverse-Wishart, which is designed for covariance matrices and has limitations for modeling correlation matrices;and a novel informative prior for correlation matrices. For both choices of prior, we derive a variational Bayes algorithm to estimate the model variables and obtain posterior variances or distributions of quantities of interest. Through extensive realistic simulation studies, we evaluate the performance of the proposed methods and compare them with existing approaches. Finally, we analyze fMRI data from over 400 healthy adults in the Human Connectome Project. We find that our Bayesian ICA algorithms produce highly accurate measures of functional connectivity and spatial brain features. Our informative prior for correlation matrices outperforms the inverse-Wishart, but comes with a higher computational burden. The proposed framework is applicable to single-subject analysis, making it potentially clinically viable. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Independent component analysis

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Comparative performance of machine learning models for temperature prediction in vanadium redox flow batteries

Comparative performance of machine learning models for tempe...

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International Conference on Green Energy, Computing and Intelligent Technology 2024 (GEn-CITy 2024)

作者： Anxiu Zhang Filbert H. Juwono Hongfei Li Erick Purwanto W. K. Wong Linfeng Liu Telecommunications Engineering Program Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou People's Republic of China Applied Mathematics Program Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou People's Republic of China Department of Computing Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Curtin University Malaysia Miri Malaysia Sustainable Energy Technology Program Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou People's Republic of China

ISBN: (数字)9781837242863

Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB) are promising for large-scale energy storage due to their long life and environmental benefits. Accurate temperature prediction is key to optimizing VRFB performance and longevity. This study compares the performance of four machine learning models, i.e., 1D CNN, Particle Swarm Optimization - Support Vector Regressor (PSO-SVR), Decision Tree (DT), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), using a publicly available dataset. Results show that KNN achieves the best results with test Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0424 (average) and test R2 of 0.9746 (average), demonstrating strong predictive accuracy. 1D CNN, however, shows poor generalization. These findings suggest that non-parametric models like KNN and DT are highly effective for VRFB temperature prediction.

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Optimizing Marker Design to Improve Precision of Optical Camera-Based Rigid-Body Motion Tracking and Correction in Medical Imaging

Optimizing Marker Design to Improve Precision of Optical Cam...

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2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021

作者： Fisher, Jonathan Kim, Chris C. Groll, Andrew Levin, Craig S. Stanford University Department of Electrical Engineering CA United States Stanford University Department of Computer Science CA United States Stanford University Department of Radiology Molecular Imaging Program CA United States Bioengineering at Stanford University Department of Radiology and by Courtesy Physics Electrical Engineering CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421133

In this work we evaluated the performance of a camera-based rigid body motion correction solution using a 2D checkerboard marker and a 3D encoded marker. The context of the results presented is in PET/MR imaging, but in principle this motion compensation method could be used in any type of medical imaging modality. A high precision, computer-controlled motion stage with four degrees of freedom was used to control the marker positions and orientations (a.k.a. 'poses'). Still images of the markers taken in different poses mimicking a patient moving her/his head from side to side, were used to assess performance of this method. Comparing the known stage motion to the estimated motion, our results indicate that the 2D marker achieves better angular accuracy while the 3D marker's translational (linear) accuracy is superior. For all axes, the angular error was less than 0.96, 0.35 [deg], and the translational error was less than 2.24, 4.76 [mm] for the 3D and 2D markers, respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Temperature Dependent Anomalous Threshold Voltage Modulation of a-IGZO TFT by Incorporating Variant Gate Stresses

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ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 2024年第6期13卷 065008-065008页

作者： Aslam, Muhammad Chang, Shu-Wei Chen, Yi-Ho Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Lee, Wen-Hsi Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Industry Academic Innovation School National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan

Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) has recently made significant advancement as a key material for electronic component design owing to its compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technologies. A comprehensive analysis of reliability-related issues is required to determine the true potential of a-IGZO-based devices for next-generation electronics applications. To address this objective, we electrically characterize scaled-channel a-IGZO thin film transistors (TFTs) under positive bias (temperature) stress (PB(T)S). Both PBS and PBTS are characterized by positive and negative V_th shift, respectively, during the various gate stresses. In particular, the negative V_th shift is explained by the generation of donor-like traps stimulated by ionization of oxygen vacancy/hydrogen at elevated temperature. The TFTs exhibit relatively decent stability during the PBS operation. The analysis of devices with variant channel dimensions implies that long-channel devices exhibit relatively higher stability and performance compared to the short-channel ones. We also observe that the V_th can be controllably adjusted by employing the top gate (TG) with bottom gate sweep. Moreover, the stress-induced partial recovery mechanism is experimentally observed owing to detrapping of charges. Generally, the reported results infer a perceptive understanding of scaled-channel a-IGZO-TFTs which helps with shaping performance-enhancement strategies. © 2024 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited

关键词： amorphous IGZO-TFT electrical instabilities hydrogen-impact scaling impact on reliability

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Visual Control and Mapping for UAV-Based Platform Inspection

Visual Control and Mapping for UAV-Based Platform Inspection

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International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

作者： Leonardo A. Fagundes Carlos M. Soria Raquel F. Vassallo Alexandre S. Brandão Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate Program on Computer Science Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa MG Brazil Facultad de Ingeniería Instituto de Automática Universidad Nacional de San Juan Argentine Department of Electric Engineering Federal University of Espirito Santo Vitória ES Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798331513283

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513290

Autonomous take-off and landing capabilities are crucial in UAV vision-based missions, ensuring adaptive navigation, especially in challenging environments where realtime identification and interaction with a variety of landing platforms are required. In this context, this paper presents a servo-visual controller that uses pattern detection and color segmentation techniques to identify take-off/landing platforms and estimate their current orientation. The proposed system was subjected to experimental validation with four platforms positioned in different orientations, heights, and positions, demonstrating its versatility in various conditions. Our study addresses the Flying Robots Trial League challenge, which emulates mapping and inspection tasks in offshore platforms.

关键词： Visualization Offshore installations Navigation Color Inspection Autonomous aerial vehicles Aircraft Drones Aerospace control

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Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and Challenges in Urban Environments

Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and ...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Thiago João Miranda Baldivieso Taise Grazielle Da Silva Batista Fabio Suim Chagas Luiz Carlos Pacheco Rodrigues Velho Paulo Fernando Ferreira Rosa Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil State Institute of the Environment Inea/RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Science and Industry Systems University of South-Eastern Norway Kongsberg Norway Department of Computer Graphics Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781665464543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464550

This working-in-progress paper aims to present a three-dimensional reconstruction using aerial images in different environments. The experiments were conducted with aircraft in both external and internal settings, starting with image acquisition, followed by the application of specific photogrammetry software—both commercial and open-source—and concluding with a qualitative evaluation of the results.

关键词： Industrial electronics Three-dimensional displays Urban areas Aircraft Image reconstruction Photogrammetry Drones

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Enabling AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services in Wireless Edge Networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Li, Zonghang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Shen, Xuemin Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China Chengdu China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) refers to the use of AI to automate the information creation process while fulfilling the personalized requirements of users. However, due to the instability of AIGC models, e.g., the stochastic nature of diffusion models, the quality and accuracy of the generated content can vary significantly. In wireless edge networks, the transmission of incorrectly generated content may unnecessarily consume network resources. Thus, a dynamic AIGC service provider (ASP) selection scheme is required to enable users to connect to the most suited ASP, improving the users’ satisfaction and quality of generated content. In this article, we first review the AIGC techniques and their applications in wireless networks. We then present the AIGC-as-a-service (AaaS) concept and discuss the challenges in deploying AaaS at the edge networks. Yet, it is essential to have performance metrics to evaluate the accuracy of AIGC services. Thus, we introduce several image-based perceived quality evaluation metrics. Then, we propose a general and effective model to illustrate the relationship between computational resources and user-perceived quality evaluation metrics. To achieve efficient AaaS and maximize the quality of generated content in wireless edge networks, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-enabled algorithm for the optimal ASP selection. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can provide a higher quality of generated content to users and achieve fewer crashed tasks by comparing with four benchmarks, i.e., overloading-avoidance, random, round-robin policies, and the upper-bound schemes. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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electrically injected GeSn lasers with peak wavelength up to 2.7 μm

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Photonics Research 2022年第1期10卷 222-229页

作者： YIYIN ZHOU SOLOMON OJO CHEN-WEI WU YUANHAO MIAO HUONG TRAN JOSHUA MGRANT GREY ABERNATHY SYLVESTER AMOAH JAKE BASS GREGORY SALAMO WEI DU GUO-EN CHANG JIFENG LIU JOE MARGETIS JOHN TOLLE YONG-HANG ZHANG GREG SUN RICHARD ASOREF BAOHUA LI SHUI-QING YU Department of Electrical Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA Microelectronics-Photonics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Taiwan Chung-Cheng UniversityMing-HsiungChiayi 62102China Department of Physics University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Physics Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvania 18766USA Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew Hampshire 03755USA School of Electrical Energy and Computer EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Massachusetts BostonBostonMassachusetts 02125USA Arktonics LLCFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA

GeSn lasers enable the monolithic integration of lasers on the Si platform using all-group-Ⅳ direct-bandgap *** GeSn laser study recently moved from optical pumping into electrical *** this work,we present explorative investigations of GeSn heterostructure laser diodes with various layer thicknesses and material *** layer material was studied by using Si_(0.03)Ge_(0.89)Sn_(0.08) and Ge_(0.95)Sn_(0.05),and cap layer total thickness was also *** 190 nm SiGeSn-cap device had threshold of 0.6 kA/cm^(2) at 10 K and a maximum operating temperature(T_(max)) of 100 K,compared to 1.4 kA/cm^(2) and 50 K from 150 nm SiGeSn-cap device,***,the 220 nm GeSn-cap device had 10 K threshold at 2.4 kA/cm^(2) and T_(max) at 90 K,i.e.,higher threshold and lower maximal operation temperature compared to the SiGeSn cap layer,indicating that enhanced electron confinement using SiGeSn can reduce the threshold *** study of the active region material showed that device gain region using Ge_(0.87)Sn_(0.13) had a higher threshold and lower T_(max),compared to Ge_(0.89)Sn_(0.11).The performance was affected by the metal absorption,free carrier absorption,and possibly defect density *** maximum peak wavelength was measured as 2682 nm at 90 K by using Ge_(0.87)Sn_(0.13) in gain *** investigations provide directions to the future GeSn laser diode designs toward the full integration of group-Ⅳ photonics on a Si platform.

关键词： GeSn pumping absorption

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Accelerated Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging from Spatial-Subspace Reconstructions (SPARS)

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Mertens, Alexander J. Cheng, Hai-Ling Margaret The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Canada Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology & Engineering Program Toronto Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Canada

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ideally requires a high spatial and high temporal resolution, but hardware limitations prevent acquisitions from simultaneously achieving both. Existing image reconstruction techniques can artificially create spatial resolution at a given temporal resolution by estimating data that is not acquired, but, ultimately, spatial details are sacrificed at very high acceleration rates. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of spatial subspace reconstructions (SPARS) and demonstrate its ability to reconstruct high spatial resolution dynamic images from as few as one acquired radial spoke per dynamic frame. Briefly, a low-temporal-high-spatial resolution organization of the acquired raw data is used to estimate a spatial subspace in which the high-temporal-high-spatial ground truth data resides. This subspace is then used to estimate entire images from single k-space spokes. In both simulated and human in-vivo data, the proposed SPARS reconstruction method outperformed standard GRASP and GRASP-Pro reconstruction, providing a shorter reconstruction time and yielding higher accuracy from both a spatial and temporal perspective. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Giant Deep-Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism in Synthetic Architectures of Ordered Carbon Nanotubes

Giant Deep-Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism in Synthetic Archi...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Doumani, Jacques Lou, Minhan Dewey, Oliver Hong, Nina Fan, Jichao Baydin, Andrey Pasquali, Matteo Yomogida, Yohei Yanagi, Kazuhiro Saito, Riichiro Kono, Junichiro Gao, Weilu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT United States Carbon Hub Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States J.A. Woollam Co. LincolnNE United States The Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX United States

We demonstrate tunable, giant, and structure-induced deep-ultraviolet circular dichroism in macroscopically chiral assemblies of racemic carbon nanotubes prepared using two approaches: mechanical-rotation-assisted vac... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Dichroism

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