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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M.R. Azimi-Sadjadi A.A. Jamshidi G.J. Dobeck Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA NSWC-Dahlgren Division Coastal Systems Station Signal and Image Processing Group Panama

ISBN: (纸本)0780370449

This paper presents a new scheme for underwater target classification in a changing environment. An adaptive target classification system is developed that uses the decisions of multiple aspects of the objects. The system employs a decision feedback mechanism to map the changed feature vector to a new feature space familiar to the classifier. Results on an acoustic backscattered data set, namely the 40 kHz data collected at Coastal Systems Station (CSS), are presented. This data set contains returns from six different objects at 72 aspect angles with 5 degrees separation and with varying signal-to-reverberation ratio (SRR). The results are then benchmarked with those of a neural network-based multi-aspect fusion system.

关键词： Feedback Adaptive systems Neural networks Sea measurements Cascading style sheets Reverberation Robustness Linear predictive coding Testing Chirp modulation

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Color error diffusion with generalized optimum noise shaping

Color error diffusion with generalized optimum noise shaping

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IEEE International Conference on image Processing

作者： N. Damera-Venkata B.L. Evans Halftoning and Image Processing Group Hewlett Packard Laboratories Palo Alto CA USA Embedded Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

We optimize the noise shaping behavior of color error diffusion by designing an optimized error filter based on a proposed noise shaping model for color error diffusion and a generalized linear spatially-invariant model of the human visual system. Our approach allows the error filter to have matrix-valued coefficients and diffuse quantization error across channels in an opponent color representation. Thus, the noise is shaped into frequency regions of reduced human color sensitivity. To obtain the optimal filter, we derive a matrix version of the Yule-Walker equations which we solve by using a gradient descent algorithm.

关键词： Colored noise Noise shaping Design optimization Humans Nonlinear filters Visual system Quantization Noise reduction Frequency Equations

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FM halftoning via block error diffusion

FM halftoning via block error diffusion

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IEEE International Conference on image Processing

Error diffusion halftoning is a popular method of producing frequency modulated (FM) halftones. In FM halftoning the dot size and shape is fixed (equal to one pixel) and the dot frequency is varied in accordance to the graylevel values of the underlying grayscale image. We generalize error diffusion to produce FM halftones with user controlled dot size and shape using block quantization and a block filter in the feedback loop. We call this modified quantization and feedback process block error diffusion. The block filters are designed from well known scalar error filter prototypes and retain their properties. Further, we show that choosing a structured block filter results in an efficient parallel implementation of block error diffusion.

关键词： Frequency modulation Filters Shape control Quantization Pixel Gray-scale Error correction Size control Feedback loop Prototypes

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Optimally combined nonlinear MMSE beamforming and interference cancellation for CDMA communications

Optimally combined nonlinear MMSE beamforming and interferen...

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IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communication

作者： S. Gollamudi Yih-Fang Huang Advanced Receiver Development Group Network Solutions Sector Motorola Inc. Arlington IL USA Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory for Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780358937

Nonlinear MMSE multiuser detection has been shown in earlier works to be equivalent to minimum probability of error multiuser detection for systems using binary or M-ary orthogonal signaling. An iterative approximation to nonlinear MMSE multiuser detection, proposed earlier for single-antenna systems, is applied in this paper to CDMA systems with random spreading and multiple receive antennas. The proposed receiver iterates between a bank of nonlinear MMSE beamformers and an interference canceler. The computational complexity of the proposed receiver, including that of the proposed adaptive array response estimation algorithm, is quadratic in the number of antennas, and linear in the number of users and the number of stages of cancellation. Simulation results demonstrate that substantial capacity improvements can be obtained using this receiver with just a single stage of cancellation, compared to receivers that use linear MMSE beamformers and no interference cancellation, and those using interference cancellation but no beamforming.

关键词： Array signal processing Interference cancellation Multiaccess communication Multiuser detection Additive noise Adaptive arrays Linear antenna arrays Receiving antennas Binary phase shift keying Computational complexity

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Semi-interactive structure and fault analysis of (111)7×7 silicon micrographs 3rd

Semi-interactive structure and fault analysis of (111)7×7 s...

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3rd International Conference on Visual Information Systems, VISUAL 1999

作者： Androutsos, Panagiotis Ruda, Harry E. Venetsanopoulos, Anastasios N. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Digital Signal and Image Processing Lab 10 King’s College Road TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science University of Toronto Electronic Materials Group 184 College St. TorontoONM5S 3E4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540660798

A new technique by which the electron micrographs of (111)7×7 Silicon are analyzed is discussed. In contrast to the conventional manner by which pseudocolor is introduced into normally gray scale surface scans, this method performs a high-level, knowledge based analysis to provide the viewer with additional information about the silicon sample at hand. Namely, blob recognition and analysis, as well as a priori knowledge of (111)7×7 Silicon can be utilized to delineate structural patterns and detect fault locations. The conveyance of information such as this is of much more consequence to an investigator interested in determining a sample’s uniformity and structure. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999.

关键词： Silicon

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A Region-Based Representation of images in MARS

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Journal of VLSI signal Processing Systems for signal, image, and Video Technology 1998年第1-2期20卷 137-150页

作者： Servetto, Sergio D. Rui, Yong Ramchandran, Kannan Huang, Thomas S. Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. Univ. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina Univ. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Comp. Res. Adv. Applications Group IBM Argentina Argentina Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Institute UIUC United States Department of Computer Science UNLP Argentina Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering UIUC United States Multimedia Commun. Res. Department Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ United States Info. Sciences Research Department AT and T Labs. Florham Park NJ United States Department of Computer Science UIUC United States Southeast University China Tsinghua University China University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Inst. Advance Sci. Technol. UIUC United States Vis. Technol. Grp. of Microsoft Res. Redmond WA United States City College of New York United States Columbia University United States AT and T Bell Labs. United States Ctr. for Telecommunications Research Columbia University United States Elec. and Comp. Eng. Department United States Beckman Institute Coordinated Science Laboratory IL United States IEEE Signal Processing Society United States IEEE IMDSP Technical Committee United States IEEE Transactions on Image Proc. United States National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering MIT United States School of Electrical Engineering United States Lab. for Info. and Signal Processing Purdue University United States Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering United States Coordinated Science Laboratory United States Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Rheinishes Landes Museum Bonn Germany Swiss Institutes of Technology Zurich Switzerland Swiss Institutes of Technology Lausanne S

We study the problem of representing images within a multimedia Database Management System (DBMS), in order to support fast retrieval operations without compromising storage efficiency. To achieve this goal, we propose new image coding techniques which combine a wavelet representation, embedded coding of the wavelet coefficients, and segmentation of image-domain regions in the wavelet domain. A bitstream is generated in which each image region is encoded independently of other regions, without having to explicitly store information describing the regions. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithms achieve coding performance which compares favorably, both perceptually and objectively, to that achieved using state-of-the-art image/video coding techniques while additionally providing region-based support.

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On balanced realizations of 2-D delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems

On balanced realizations of 2-D delta-operator formulated di...

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Southcon

作者： K. Premaratne M.M. Ekanayake P.H. Bauer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

Delta-operator based implementations can avoid the numerical ill-conditioning usually associated with the high speed shift-operator based implementations of discrete-time systems. Moreover, it provides a unified methodology for tackling both continuous- and discrete-time systems. In particular, it has been shown that, delta-operator based balanced realizations can offer superior coefficient sensitivity properties under fixed-point arithmetic. The authors address computation of balanced realizations. For this purpose, given a discrete-time system, the relationship between its shift- and delta-operator formulated balanced realizations is presented.

关键词： Fixed-point arithmetic Computational modeling Sampling methods Polynomials Laboratories signal analysis Computed tomography Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Gold Stability

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Maximum likelihood parameter estimation for non-Gaussian prior signal models

Maximum likelihood parameter estimation for non-Gaussian pri...

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The 1994 1st IEEE International Conference on image Processing

作者： Schultz, R.R. Stevenson, R.L. Lumsdaine, A. Laboratory for Image and Signal Analysis Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46556 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46556 United States

For signals containing discontinuities, the usual assumptions of Gauss-Markov distributed signal sources do not hold. To preserve edges, non-Gaussian prior models have been developed for use in Bayesian restoration. These models are generally dependent upon two parameters, one controlling the size of reconstructed discontinuities, and the other controlling data smoothing. The authors propose a maximum likelihood technique for automatically estimating these parameters, resulting in the optimization of an expression dependent upon the prior model partition function. An exact expression is derived for the 1D signal model partition function, while an approximation is proposed for the 2D image model partition function. Parameters estimated from degraded signals result in high quality restorations. © 1994 IEEE.

关键词： Restoration

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Limit cycles and asymptotic stability of delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems implemented in fixed-point arithmetic

Limit cycles and asymptotic stability of delta-operator form...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： K. Premaratne P.H. Bauer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

This paper analyzes the problem of global asymptotic stability of delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems implemented in fixed-point arithmetic. It is shown that the free response of such a system tends to produce period one limit cycles if conventional quantization arithmetic schemes are used. Explicit necessary conditions for global asymptotic stability are derived, and these demonstrate that, in almost all cases, fixed-point arithmetic does not allow for global asymptotic stability in delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems that use a short sampling time.< >

关键词： Limit-cycles Asymptotic stability Quantization Fixed-point arithmetic Sampling methods Floating-point arithmetic Laboratories signal analysis Bandwidth Feedback

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Fixed-point implementation of multi-dimensional delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems: difficulties in convergence

Fixed-point implementation of multi-dimensional delta-operat...

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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： P.H. Bauer K. Premaratne Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA

The convergence properties of linearly stable multi-dimensional systems are investigated for the case of delta-operator implementations in fixed-point format. It is shown that zero-convergence is almost never achieved, if the sampling time is small. Using a one-dimensional analysis, it is demonstrated that zero-convergence cannot be guaranteed along the axis of the first hyper-quadrant for a first hyper-quadrant causal system. This limits the use of delta-operators for solving partial differential equations in discrete time with fixed-point arithmetic.< >

关键词： Quantization Convergence Multidimensional systems Differential equations Nonlinear equations signal analysis Digital signal processing Asymptotic stability Laboratories image sampling

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