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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Micael S. Couceiro Rui P. Rocha Nuno M. F. Ferreira Patricia A. Vargas Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Department of Electrical Engineering Engineering Institute of Coimbra Robo Corporation Coimbra Portugal Robotics Laboratory School of Mathematical and Computer Science Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904532

The Robotic Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (RDPSO) recently introduced in the literature has the ability to dynamically partition the whole population of robots based on simple “punish-reward” rules. Although this evolutionary algorithm enables the reduction of the amount of required information exchange among robots, a further analysis on the communication complexity of the RDPSO needs to be carried out so as to evaluate its scalability. This paper analyses the architecture of the RDPSO communication system, thus describing the dynamics of the communication data packet structure shared between teammates. Moreover, a set of simple communication rules is also proposed in order to reduce the communication overhead within swarms of robots. Experimental results with teams of 15 real robots show that the proposed methodology reduces the communication overhead, thus improving the scalability and applicability of the RDPSO algorithm.

关键词： Robot kinematics Robot sensing systems Mobile ad hoc networks Complexity theory Spread spectrum communication Force

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Cooperative AUV Motion Planning using Terrain Information

Cooperative AUV Motion Planning using Terrain Information

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Oceans 2013 - Norway

作者： Andreas J. Hausler Alessandro Saccon Antonio M. Pascoal John Hauser A. Pedro Aguiar Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Science and Engineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Department University of Colorado at Boulder Faculdade de Engenharia University of Porto

ISBN: (纸本)9781479900022

There is widespread interest in the deployment of fleets of marine robots with the potential to roam the oceans freely and collect data at an unprecedented scale. This calls for the development of efficient algorithms for multiple vehicle motion planning that can take directly into account the capabilities of each vehicle as well as the environmental conditions and lend themselves to seamless integration with control and navigation systems. The latter connection is for the most part eschewed in the literature, in spite of the obvious fact that in order for the vehicles to execute the planned motions they must at a later stage navigate with great accuracy and follow the trajectories using control algorithms that take explicitly into account the dynamical constraints of the vehicles involved. Among the methods available for underwater vehicle navigation, terrain-based techniques have recently come to the fore. These techniques avoid the use of overly expensive inertial-like motion sensor units and hold considerable promise for the development of a new breed of affordable long range navigation systems. Motivated by these considerations, we tackle in the present paper the problem of multiple vehicle motion planning by taking explicitly into consideration inter-vehicle collision avoidance, together with a number of criteria that may include simultaneous times of arrival at assigned target points, energy minimization, acoustic communication constraints, and the maximization of terrain information along the vehicle paths (as measured by some appropriate criterion) for terrain-based navigation purposes.

关键词： vehicle motion planning Collision avoidance terrains Autonomous underwater vehicles Data Collection Methods Navigation systems computer algorithms

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Capacity improvement through buffer-aided successive opportunistic relaying

Capacity improvement through buffer-aided successive opportu...

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International Conference on Wireless Communication, Vehicular Technology, Information Theory and Aerospace and Electronic systems Technology (Wireless VITAE)

作者： N. Nomikos D. Vouyioukas T. Charalambous I. Krikidis D. N. Skoutas M. Johansson Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of the Aegean Greece Automatic Control Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department and ACCESS LinnaeusCenter Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

In this work, we propose a buffer-aided successive opportunistic relaying scheme that aims to improve the average capacity of the network when inter-relay interference arises between relays that are selected for transmission and reception. In order to exploit the benefits of buffering at the relays, we propose a relay-pair selection policy that decouples the receiving relay at the previous time slot from being the transmitting relay at the next slot. Furthermore, we impose an interference cancellation threshold allowing the relay that is selected for reception, to decode and subtract the inter-relay interference. The proposed relaying scheme selects the relaying pair that maximizes the average capacity of the relay network. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated via simulation and comparisons with other state-of-the-art half and full-duplex relay selection schemes, in terms of outage probability, average capacity and average delay. The results reveal the need for a tradeoff between improving the outage on the cost of reduced capacity and increased delay, and vice versa. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future directions are discussed, including the need for a hybrid scheme incorporating both half and full-duplex characteristics.

关键词： Relays Artificial neural networks Signal to noise ratio

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Quantitative human and robot motion comparison for enabling assistive device evaluation

Quantitative human and robot motion comparison for enabling ...

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IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots

作者： Dana Kulić Muhammad Choudry Gentiane Venture Kanako Miura Eiichi Yoshida Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Waterloo Canada Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan CNRS-AIST JRL (Joint Robotics Laboratory) AIST Tsukuba Japan

A promising new application area for humanoid robots is in the area of assistive device testing. Humanoid robots can facilitate the experimental evaluation of assistive devices by providing repeatable, measurable, human-like motion while removing the difficulties and potential safety hazards associated with human trials. To ensure that the humanoid robot is providing a valid test platform, the robot must move in a similar way as a human while wearing the assistive device. This challenge is made difficult due to the inherent variability in human motion. In this paper, we propose an approach for a quantitative comparison between human and robot motion that identifies both the difference magnitude and the difference location, and explicitly handles both spatial and temporal variability of human motion. The proposed approach is demonstrated on data from robot gait and sagittal plane lifting.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Joints Assistive devices Humanoid robots Robot motion Computational modeling

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Real-time navigation for a humanoid robot using particle filter

Real-time navigation for a humanoid robot using particle fil...

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2nd International Conference on engineering and Technology Innovation 2012, ICETI 2012

作者： Baltes, Jacky Cheng, Chi Tai Lau, Meng Cheng Espínola, Andrés Autonomous Agents Lab Department of Computer Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Tamkang University Tamsui Dist. New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Mobile Robotics and Automated Systems Laboratory Universidad La Salle Benjamin Franklin 47 Mexico DF Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9783037856123

This paper presents a practical real-time visual navigation system, including a vision system, a particle filter (PF) based localization system, and a path planning system, for humanoid robots in an indoor environment. A neural network (NN) converter system is used to solve the image distortion problem. The monocular vision system detects objects of interest in the scene, calculating their position in the image, and converting the position in the image to real world coordinates. The PF localization system estimates the current position by the robot's motion model and corrects the estimated position by using feedback from the data gathered by the vision system. The path planning system determines the next motion based on the result of the localization system. This paper uses a tree-like path planning method which not only guides the robot to the destination but also avoids obstacles at the same time. The navigation method allows a user to assign several different target destinations to the robot simultaneously. The proposed method is implemented on a humanoid robot "ROBOTIS DARwIn-OP", an open platform humanoid robot. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated in an empirical evaluation. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Bandpass filters

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Global output feedback stabilization for a class of nonlinear planar systems with output-dependent growth rates

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第20期46卷 683-688页

作者： Xiangyu Wang Chunjiang Qian Shihua Li School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA

In this paper, we consider the global output feedback stabilization problem for a class of nonlinear planar systems under a more general growth condition. The nonlinearities in such a system are bounded by both lower-order and higher-order terms with an output-dependent growth rate. This problem is solved by integrating the feedback domination technique and a novel dual observer approach, where two individual observers are constructed in parallel with one estimating the linear part of the unmeasurable state and the other estimating the higher-order part. Moreover, the presented observers and the output feedback controller all have nonlinear gains. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed stabilization scheme.

关键词： Output feedback stabilization Nonlinear planar systems Output-dependent growth rates Dual observer Nonlinear gains

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Underwater Target Positioning with a Single Acoustic Sensor

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第33期46卷 233-238页

作者： D. Moreno-Salinas A.M. Pascoal J. Aranda Department of Computer Science and Automatic Control National University Distance Education (UNED) Spain Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Instituto Superior Tecnico (IST) University of Lisbon Portugal Adjunct Scientist National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) Goa India

The availability of reliable underwater positioning systems to localize one or more vehicles simultaneously based on information received on-board a support ship or an autonomous surface vessel is key to the operation of some classes of AUVs. Furthermore, there is considerable interest in reducing the number of sensors involved in acoustic navigation/positioning systems to reduce the costs involved and the time consumed in the deployment, callibration, and recovery phases. Motivated by these considerations, in this paper we address the problem of single underwater target positioning based on measurements of the ranges between the target and a moving sensor at the sea surface, obtained via acoustic ranging devices. In particular, and speaking in loose terms, we are interested in determining the optimal geometric trajectory of the surface sensor that will, in a well defined sense, maximize the range-related information available for underwater target positioning. To this effect, an appropriate Fisher Information Matrix is defined and its determinant is maximized to yield the sensor trajectory that maximizes the accuracy of the target position estimate that can possibly be obtained with any unbiased estimator. It is shown that the optimal trajectory depends on the relative velocity of the sensor, the sampling time between measurements, and the number of measurements acquired for the FIM computation. Simulation examples illustrate the key results derived.

关键词： Autonomous Vehicles Underwater Navigation Optimal Sensor Placement Positioning Fisher Information Matrix Cramer-Rao Bound

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Finding Objects with Segmentation Strategy based Multi Robot Exploration in Unknown Environment

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013年 97卷 580-586页

作者： Reza Arezoumand Syamsiah Mashohor Mohammad Hamiruce Marhaban Intelligent System and Robotics Laboratory Institute of Advanced Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Computer & Communication Systems Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia

In this paper we address exploration algorithm in flat experimental environment with colored objects for multi robots system. The aim of exploration in unknown environment is finding target points like mine detection in outdoor environment without any positioning device. Two algorithms were investigated in this paper one is frontier based random search algorithm and the second is efficient algorithm based on segmentation strategy. To improve efficiency, each robot had to go to different regions to avoid cumulating robots in one region. Constructed maps for all four regions could be shared and navigation could be done more effectively. For constructing map robot can use on built range finder sensor or using vision based systems. Also the algorithm using segmentation strategy is using frontier base algorithm for exploring divided area. Both algorithm implemented and analyzed in Player/Stage simulation. The result was compared and showed the efficiency of the designed algorithm based segmentation strategy. In simulation this algorithm is tested with different number of robots to achieve better view of efficiency for proposed algorithm in different type of environment like harsh environment as possibility of losing some robots.

关键词： Multi-robot exploration Flocking Exploration ratio Trajectory prediction

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Using general sound descriptors for early autism detection

Using general sound descriptors for early autism detection

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Asian control Conference

作者： Seyyed Hamid R. Ebrahimi Motlagh Hadi Moradi Hamidreza Pouretemad Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran ARIS and CIPCE School of ECE College of Engineering University of Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Tehran IR

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357661

Early detection of autism is crucial for successfully dealing with it and reduce/eliminate its effects. In other words, early treatment can make a big difference in the lives of many children with this disorder. Consequently, in this study the pattern recognition algorithms are used to determine the unique features of the voice of autistic children to distinguish between the autistic children and normal children between ages 2 and 3. These descriptors extract various audio features such as temporal features, energy features, harmonic features, perceptual and spectral features. Two feature selection methods are used and the results are compared. One method is based on comparing the effect of using all of a group features together and another method compares the effect of using features one by one. The selected features are used to classify selected children into autistic and non-autistic ones. The results show 96.17 percent accuracy. After feature selection, we classified data using S.V.M classifier for recognizing two types of input data.

关键词： Autism Feature extraction Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Educational institutions Harmonic analysis Accuracy Motion pictures

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A positive tensions PID controller for a planar cable robot: An experimental study

A positive tensions PID controller for a planar cable robot:...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics (ICROM)

作者： Mohammad A. Khosravi Hamid D. Taghirad Reza Oftadeh Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems (ARAS) Industrial Control Center of Excellence (ICCE) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Intelligent Hydraulics and Automation Department (lHA) Tampere University of Technology Finland

In this paper design and control of planar cable-driven parallel robots are studied in an experimental prospective. Since in this class of manipulators, cable tensionability conditions must be met, feedback control of such robots becomes more challenging than for conventional robots. To meet these conditions, internal force control structure is introduced and used in addition to a PID control scheme to ensure that all cables remain in tension. A robust PID controller is proposed for partial knowledge of the robot, to keep the tracking errors bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is examined through experiments on K.N. Toosi planar cable-driven robot and it is shown that the proposed control structure is able to provide suitable performance in practice.

关键词： PD control Assembly Logic gates Servomotors Force

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