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Enhanced Acceleration for Generalized Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Learning

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 98-113页

作者： Hengmin Zhang Jian Yang Wenli Du Bob Zhang Zhiyuan Zha Bihan Wen School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau

Matrix minimization techniques that employ the nuclear norm have gained recognition for their applicability in tasks like image inpainting, clustering, classification, and reconstruction. However, they come with inherent biases and computational burdens, especially when used to relax the rank function, making them less effective and efficient in real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, our research focuses on generalized nonconvex rank regularization problems in robust matrix completion, low-rank representation, and robust matrix regression. We introduce innovative approaches for effective and efficient low-rank matrix learning, grounded in generalized nonconvex rank relaxations inspired by various substitutes for the ?0-norm relaxed functions. These relaxations allow us to more accurately capture low-rank structures. Our optimization strategy employs a nonconvex and multi-variable alternating direction method of multipliers, backed by rigorous theoretical analysis for complexity and *** algorithm iteratively updates blocks of variables, ensuring efficient convergence. Additionally, we incorporate the randomized singular value decomposition technique and/or other acceleration strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our approach, particularly for large-scale constrained minimization problems. In conclusion, our experimental results across a variety of image vision-related application tasks unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methodologies in terms of both efficacy and efficiency when compared to most other related learning methods.

关键词： Learning systems Image recognition Minimization Computational efficiency Complexity theory Matrix decomposition Optimization Image reconstruction Singular value decomposition Convergence

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An end-to-end network for co-saliency detection in one single image

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 5-22页

作者： Yuanhao YUE Qin ZOU Hongkai YU Qian WANG Zhongyuan WANG Song WANG School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University School of Computer Science Wuhan University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Cleveland State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Carolina

Co-saliency detection within a single image is a common vision problem that has not yet been well addressed. Existing methods often used a bottom-up strategy to infer co-saliency in an image in which salient regions are firstly detected using visual primitives such as color and shape and then grouped and merged into a co-saliency map. However, co-saliency is intrinsically perceived complexly with bottom-up and top-down strategies combined in human vision. To address this problem, this study proposes a novel end-toend trainable network comprising a backbone net and two branch nets. The backbone net uses ground-truth masks as top-down guidance for saliency prediction, whereas the two branch nets construct triplet proposals for regional feature mapping and clustering, which drives the network to be bottom-up sensitive to co-salient regions. We construct a new dataset of 2019 natural images with co-saliency in each image to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy with a running speed of 28 fps.

关键词： saliency detection convolutional neural network regional feature mapping co-saliency detection deep learning

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Robust Transmission Design for Federated Learning Through Over-the-Air Computation

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China Communications 2025年第3期22卷 65-75页

作者： Hamideh Zamanpour Abyaneh Saba Asaad Amir Masoud Rabiei School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York UniversityCanada

Over-the-air computation(AirComp)enables federated learning(FL)to rapidly aggregate local models at the central server using waveform superposition property of wireless *** this paper,a robust transmission scheme for an AirCompbased FL system with imperfect channel state information(CSI)is *** model CSI uncertainty,an expectation-based error model is *** main objective is to maximize the number of selected devices that meet mean-squared error(MSE)requirements for model broadcast and model *** problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem and is solved in two ***,the priority order of devices is determined by a sparsity-inducing ***,a feasibility detection scheme is used to select the maximum number of devices to guarantee that the MSE requirements are *** alternating optimization(AO)scheme is used to transform the resulting nonconvex problem into two convex *** results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： federated learning imperfect CSI optimization over-the-air computing robust design

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Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University Department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

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PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for scienceQA

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (scienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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Optimal Design of a Planning and Contracting Framework to Enable Vehicle to Building and Grid Services via Demand Response

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 7542-7556页

作者： Elsayed, Ahmed Abd Elaziz Saxena, Shivam Farag, Hany E. Z. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Lassonde School of Engineering York University Keele Campus Toronto ON Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Brunswick Fredericton NB Canada

Bidirectional electric vehicle (EV) charging enables stored energy to reduce peak loads for buildings (V2B) and the grid (V2G). However, building owners investing in V2B infrastructure while generating revenue from V2G services face challenges in planning and coordinating with EV owners due to uncertainties in their schedules and profit-sharing expectations. Additionally, misaligned building and grid peak times can create conflicts between V2B and V2G goals, which may negatively impact the building electricity bill. Unlike previous studies that used a contract-free approach for aggregating V2B and V2G, resulting in inconsistent participation, this paper proposes a novel planning and contracting framework that enables building owner to determine the optimal contract parameters with EV owners. These parameters include minimum participation time in DR events, minimum arrival State of Charge (SoC), and permitted emergency departure hours. The framework supports V2B aggregation with on-site distributed energy resources for DR and V2G services, ensuring transparency and fairness through shared profits and performance-based penalties, while compensating building electricity bills due to V2G activities. The framework is composed of a tri-stage optimization process that uses Monte Carlo Simulations to generate EV owner profit assessments, select optimal EV candidates based on charger availability, estimate contract parameters with profit/penalty sharing, and assign contracts between power system operators, building owners, and EV owners under multiple virtual scenarios. Simulation results validate the contract parameter assessment and its performance via a three day case study with real-world data sets that demonstrates net revenue generation of $209 for each EV owner and $950 for building owners during DR events with a Return on Investment (ROI) of 134.5% 130.7% for the EVs and Building owners, respectively. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle-to-grid

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A survey on cross-user federated recommendation

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 7-32页

作者： Enyue YANG Yudi XIONG Wei YUAN Weike PAN Qiang YANG Zhong MING College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland WeBank AI Lab WeBank Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)

Recommender systems are effective in mitigating information overload, yet the centralized storage of user data raises significant privacy concerns. Cross-user federated recommendation(CUFR) provides a promising distributed paradigm to address these concerns by enabling privacy-preserving recommendations directly on user devices. In this survey, we review and categorize current progress in CUFR, focusing on four key aspects: privacy, security, accuracy, and efficiency. Firstly,we conduct an in-depth privacy analysis, discuss various cases of privacy leakage, and then review recent methods for privacy protection. Secondly, we analyze security concerns and review recent methods for untargeted and targeted *** untargeted attack methods, we categorize them into data poisoning attack methods and parameter poisoning attack methods. For targeted attack methods, we categorize them into user-based methods and item-based methods. Thirdly,we provide an overview of the federated variants of some representative methods, and then review the recent methods for improving accuracy from two categories: data heterogeneity and high-order information. Fourthly, we review recent methods for improving training efficiency from two categories: client sampling and model compression. Finally, we conclude this survey and explore some potential future research topics in CUFR.

关键词： cross-user federated recommendation federated recommendation federated learning recommender systems user privacy

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MMInstruct: a high-quality multi-modal instruction tuning dataset with extensive diversity

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 36-51页

作者： Yangzhou LIU Yue CAO Zhangwei GAO Weiyun WANG Zhe CHEN Wenhai WANG Hao TIAN Lewei LU Xizhou ZHU Tong LU Yu QIAO Jifeng DAI School of Computer Science Nanjing University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai AI Laboratory School of Computer Science Fudan University Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong SenseTime Research Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

Despite the effectiveness of vision-language supervised fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of vision large language models(VLLMs), existing visual instruction tuning datasets include the following limitations.(1) Instruction annotation quality: despite existing VLLMs exhibiting strong performance,instructions generated by those advanced VLLMs may still suffer from inaccuracies, such as hallucinations.(2) Instructions and image diversity: the limited range of instruction types and the lack of diversity in image data may impact the model's ability to generate diversified and closer to real-world scenarios outputs. To address these challenges, we construct a high-quality, diverse visual instruction tuning dataset MMInstruct,which consists of 973k instructions from 24 domains. There are four instruction types: judgment, multiplechoice, long visual question answering, and short visual question answering. To construct MMInstruct, we propose an instruction generation data engine that leverages GPT-4V, GPT-3.5, and manual correction. Our instruction generation engine enables semi-automatic, low-cost, and multi-domain instruction generation at 1/6 the cost of manual construction. Through extensive experiment validation and ablation experiments,we demonstrate that MMInstruct could significantly improve the performance of VLLMs, e.g., the model fine-tuning on MMInstruct achieves new state-of-the-art performance on 10 out of 12 benchmarks. The code and data shall be available at https://***/yuecao0119/MMInstruct.

关键词： instruction tuning multi-modal multi-domain dataset vision large language model

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Comprehensive Survey of the Landscape of Digital Twin Technologies and Their Diverse Applications

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第1期138卷 125-165页

作者： Haiyu Chen Haijian Shao Xing Deng Lijuan Wang Xia Wang School of Computer Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212003China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNV89154USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore

The concept of the digital twin,also known colloquially as the DT,is a fundamental principle within Industry 4.0 *** recent years,the concept of digital siblings has generated considerable academic and practical ***,academia and industry have used a variety of interpretations,and the scientific literature lacks a unified and consistent definition of this *** purpose of this study is to systematically examine the definitional landscape of the digital twin concept as outlined in scholarly literature,beginning with its origins in the aerospace domain and extending to its contemporary interpretations in the manufacturing ***,this investigationwill focus on the research conducted on Industry 4.0 and smartmanufacturing,elucidating the diverse applications of digital twins in fields including aerospace,intelligentmanufacturing,intelligent transportation,and intelligent cities,among others.

关键词： Digital twins Industry 4.0 smart manufacturing digital thread modeling simulation

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Deep Learning-Based Cloud Security: Innovative Attack Detection and Privacy Focused Key Management

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IEEE Transactions on computers 2025年第6期74卷 1978-1989页

作者： Ahmad, Shahnawaz Arif, Mohd Mehfuz, Shabana Ahmad, Javed Nazim, Mohd Bennett University School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Greater Noida201310 India Galgotias University School of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida203201 India Jamia Millia Islamia Department of Electrical Engineering New Delhi110025 India Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sharda School of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida201310 India Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Computer Science and IT Greater Noida201306 India

Cloud Computing (CC) is widely adopted in sectors like education, healthcare, and banking due to its scalability and cost-effectiveness. However, its internet-based nature exposes it to cyber threats, necessitating advanced security frameworks. Traditional models suffer from high false positives and limited adaptability. To address these challenges, VECGLSTM, an attack detection model integrating Variable Long Short-Term Memory (VLSTM), capsule networks, and the Enhanced Gannet Optimization Algorithm (EGOA), is introduced. This hybrid approach enhances accuracy, reduces false positives, and dynamically adapts to evolving threats. EGOA is employed for its superior optimization capability, ensuring faster convergence and resilience. Additionally, Chaotic Cryptographic Pelican Tunicate Swarm Optimization (CCPTSO) is proposed for privacy-preserving key management. This model combines chaotic cryptographic techniques with the Pelican Tunicate Swarm Optimization Algorithm (PTSOA), leveraging the pelican algorithm’s exploration strength and the tunicate swarm’s exploitation ability for optimal encryption security. Performance evaluation demonstrates 99.675% accuracy, 99.5175% recall, 99.7075% precision, and 99.615% F1-score, along with reduced training (1.79s), encryption (0.986s), and decryption (1.029s) times. This research significantly enhances CC security by providing a scalable, adaptive framework that effectively counters evolving cyber threats while ensuring efficient key management. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud security

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