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2nd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems, MASS 2005

作者： Lou, Wenjing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609

ISBN: (纸本)0780394666

A typical task in a wireless sensor network is that every sensor node senses its local environment and, upon request, sends the data of interest back to a base station. Based on this many-to-one communication pattern, we first propose a distributed N-to-1 multipath discovery protocol which distinguishes from other multipath routing protocols in that it is able to find multiple node-disjoint paths from every sensor node to the base station simultaneously in one route discovery process. Then we propose a hybrid multipath data collection scheme which combines end-to-end multipath traffic dispersion and per-hop alternate path salvaging. Our simulation results show that the proposed N-to-1 multipath discovery protocol is highly efficient and the hybrid data collection scheme based on it provides a seamlessly more reliable and more secure data collection service in wireless sensor networks. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless telecommunication systems

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Spiking Neural Networks for Temporal Processing: Status Quo and Future Prospects

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ma, Chenxiang Chen, Xinyi Li, Yanchen Yang, Qu Wu, Yujie Li, Guoqi Pan, Gang Tang, Huajin Tan, Kay Chen Wu, Jibin Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 119077 Singapore Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100045 China State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence College of Computer Science and Technology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

Temporal processing is fundamental for both biological and artificial intelligence systems, as it enables the comprehension of dynamic environments and facilitates timely responses. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) excel in handling such data with high efficiency, owing to their rich neuronal dynamics and sparse activity patterns. Given the recent surge in the development of SNNs, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive evaluation of their temporal processing capabilities. In this paper, we first conduct an in-depth assessment of commonly used neuromorphic benchmarks, revealing critical limitations in their ability to evaluate the temporal processing capabilities of SNNs. To bridge this gap, we further introduce a benchmark suite consisting of three temporal processing tasks characterized by rich temporal dynamics across multiple timescales. Utilizing this benchmark suite, we perform a thorough evaluation of recently introduced SNN approaches to elucidate the current status of SNNs in temporal processing. Our findings indicate significant advancements in recently developed spiking neuron models and neural architectures regarding their temporal processing capabilities, while also highlighting a performance gap in handling long-range dependencies when compared to state-of-the-art non-spiking models. Finally, we discuss the key challenges and outline potential avenues for future research. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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Privacy enhanced access control in pervasive computing environments

Privacy enhanced access control in pervasive computing envir...

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2nd International Conference on Broadband Networks, BROADNETS 2005

作者： Kui, Ren Wenjing, Lou Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609

Privacy and security are two important but seemingly contradict objectives in pervasive computing environments (PCEs). On the one hand, service providers want to authenticate service users and make sure they are accessing only authorized services in a legitimate way. On the other hand, users want to maintain necessary privacy without being tracked down for wherever they are and whatever they are doing. In this paper we propose a novel privacy enhanced authentication and access control scheme to secure the interactions between mobile users and services in PCEs. The proposed scheme seamlessly integrates two underlying cryptographic primitives, blind signature and hash chain, into a highly flexible and lightweight authentication and key establishment protocol. It provides explicit mutual authentication between a user and a service, while allowing the user to anonymously interact with the service. Differentiated service access control is also enabled in the proposed scheme by classifying mobile users into different service groups. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Security of data

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A method for carrier frequency and phase synchronization of two autonomous cooperative transmitters

A method for carrier frequency and phase synchronization of ...

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2005 IEEE 6th Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, SPAWC 2005

作者： Brown III, D. Richard Prince, Gregary B. McNeill, John A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609

Cooperative communication protocols in which two or more sources transmit simultaneously in a single subchannel offer the potential for increased power efficiency and achievable rate with respect to orthogonal transmit cooperation. These protocols are, however, complicated by the fact that they require strict transmitter synchronization in order for the carrier signals from each source to arrive in phase and constructively combine at the intended destination. This paper develops an explicit method for synchronizing the carriers of two sources in a cooperative communication system with one destination. Unlike the prior work in this area, the approach described in this paper allows for source and/or destination mobility. The performance of the proposed carrier synchronization system is investigated for several channel models and practical design considerations are also discussed. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Transmitters

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Energy-Efficient Brain-Inspired Self-Attention-Spiking Neural Network Framework for Mix-Type Wafer Defect Recognition

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Peng, Dandan Wang, Yitian Zhou, Xinhe Liu, Jiale Liu, Chenyu Han, Te The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kowloon999077 Hong Kong University of California San Diego School of Computer Science CA United States University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Glasgow College Chengdu611731 China Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Management Beijing100081 China

In semiconductor manufacturing, wafer defect recognition plays a critical role. As the technology advances and wafer feature sizes decrease, defect detection has become more challenging, particularly for mix-type defects. Although artificial neural network (ANN) models are currently used for this task, the high precision floating-point operations required by ANN models put significant pressure on edge computing devices in the industry. Additionally, ANN models have poor cognitive abilities and high data dependencies. Spiking neural networks (SNNs), as an excellent brain-inspired computational model, have the potential to address these problems. In this paper, we present Spiky-SANet, a novel Spiking-Self-Attention Network, which emulates the transmission of membrane potential signals in the brain using SNNs. This approach significantly reduces energy consumption during the running process, enabling efficient deployment on edge computing devices. Moreover, we introduce a multi-time-step self-attention (MTS-SA) module that emulates the interactive behavior between visual neurons and brain neurons, thereby enhancing the model's cognitive ability. Additionally, we tackle the issue of imbalanced focus on positive and negative samples by employing an asymmetric loss (ASL) function, effectively mitigating the influence of powerful negative samples. Our framework represents the pioneering attempt of SNNs in the field of wafer defect detection, achieving state-of-the-art performance and paving the way for more efficient and energy-saving semiconductor manufacturing processes. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Semiconductor device manufacture

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ELECTRON-TRANSPORT AND IONIZATION IN SILICON AT HIGH FIELDS

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SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS 1978年第1期21卷 291-295页

作者： LANYON, HPD Electrical Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609 U.S.A.

The saturated drift velocity measured for electrons at high fields is inconsistent with Shockley's model for impact ionization in silicon. It is explained in terms of a field-dependent mean free path for high energy phonon creation in the electric field direction, electrons creating a high energy phonon as soon as they have acquired sufficient energy from the field. Assuming that the electron wavepacket travels at the saturated drift velocity without dispersion, it can be shown that the increased scattering rate at high fields must result in a large spread in the carrier energy. If a drifted Maxwellian distribution is assumed, a unique expression can be obtained for the carrier temperature T * which is in good agreement with the measured field dependence of the ionization coefficient. In this model, a cylindrical hot carrier distribution must be assumed with the hot carrier energy in a plane perpendicular to the applied field. Exact calculations of the magneto-resistance of such a distribution can be made verifying that the drift velocity is indeed saturated.

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Utterance as A Bridge: Few-shot Joint Learning of Empathy Detection and Empathy Intent Classification

Utterance as A Bridge: Few-shot Joint Learning of Empathy De...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Liting Jiang Di Wu Zhe Li Shuangyong Song Yanbing Li Hao Huang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Lingual Information Technology Urumqi China Institute of Artificial Intelligence (TeleAI) China Telecom Corp Ltd Beijing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University USA Joint International Research Laboratory of Silk Road Multilingual Cognitive Computing Urumqi China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Empathy detection (ED) and empathy intent classification (EIC) aim to identify the empathy direction expressed in user utterances and the underlying empathy intent behind them. Previous studies show that facilitating information transfer between tasks can enhance model performance. However, the interaction between ED and EIC in few-shot learning remains underexplored. To this end, we identify the challenges in jointly training ED and EIC in a few-shot setting: establishing effective information transfer between them and improving the model’s generalization capability. We propose a novel model called USB. For information transfer, the interactive module maps empathy and empathy intent labels through utterances to model task correlations. For generalization capability, after capturing empathy and empathy intent representations with an adaptive fusion module, we introduce a multi-level contrastive learning strategy to optimize representations at task and label levels, enhancing generalization. Experimental results on two public datasets show that our model outperforms all baselines.

关键词： Training Bridges Adaptation models Intent recognition Focusing Contrastive learning Signal processing Universal Serial Bus Few shot learning Speech processing

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A Kernel PCA Shape Prior and Edge Based MRF Image Segmentation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2016年第5期25卷 892-900页

作者： WANG Xili ZHANG Wei JI Qiang School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

We introduce both shape prior and edge information to Markov random field(MRF) to segment target of interest in images. Kernel Principal component analysis(PCA) is performed on a set of training shapes to obtain statistical shape representation. Edges are extracted directly from images. Both of them are added to the MRF energy function and the integrated energy function is minimized by graph cuts. An alignment procedure is presented to deal with variations between the target object and shape templates. Edge information makes the influence of inaccurate shape alignment not too severe, and brings result smoother. The experiments indicate that shape and edge play important roles for complete and robust foreground segmentation.

关键词： Kernel Principal component analysis(PCA) Shape prior Edge Markov random field(MRF) Image segmentation

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GROWTH OF HIGH-QUALITY CDTE AND ZNTE ON SI SUBSTRATES USING ORGANOMETALLIC VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 1995年第5期24卷 451-455页

作者： WANG, WS BHAT, I Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy

Epitaxial (100) CdTe and ZnTe layers with high crystalline quality have been grown on Si substrates by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE). A thin Ge interfacial layer grown at low temperature was used as a buffer layer prior to ZnTe and CdTe growth. The layers were characterized by Nomarski optical microscopy and double crystal x-ray diffraction. Double crystal rocking curves with full width at half maximum of about 110 and 250 are-sec have been obtained for a 7 mu m thick ZnTe layer and a 4 mu m thick CdTe layer, respectively. The results presented demonstrate a novel method of in-situ Si cleaning step without a high temperature deoxidation process to grow high quality CdTe and ZnTe on Si in a single OMVPE reactor.

关键词： CDTE/SI GE/SI HETEROEPITAXY ORGANOMETALLIC VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY (OMVPE)

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Stability analysis for perfectly matched layered absorbers

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ELECTROMAGNETICS 1996年第4期16卷 385-397页

作者： Nehrbass, JW Lee, JF Lee, R [a] Department of Electrical Engineering ElectroScience Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA [b] Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA USA [c] Department of Electrical Engineering Electro Science Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

Stability issues involved with using a time domain formulation of the perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbers are considered. We consider one time domain form of the anisotropic PML and show that it is dynamically unstable. Numerical stability of Berenger's formulation is next considered. This formulation is shown to be conditionally stable. The stability condition is shown to be independent of the coordinate stretch variables sigma(x), sigma(y), and sigma(z).

关键词： Electromagnetic wave absorption

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