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Towards Early Diagnosis and Intervention: An Ensemble Voting Model for Precise Vital Sign Prediction in Respiratory Disease

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2023年 PP卷 1-13页

作者： Ahmed, Usman Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Srivastava, Gautam Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen Norway Dept. of Math and Computer Science Brandon University Canada

Worldwide, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases account for approximately 19 million deaths annually. Evidence indicates that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic directly contributes to increased blood pressure, cholesterol, as well as blood glucose levels. Timely screening of critical physiological vital signs benefits both healthcare providers and individuals by detecting potential health issues. This study aims to implement a machine learning-based prediction and classification system to forecast vital signs associated with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. The system predicts patients' health status and notifies caregivers and medical professionals when necessary. Utilizing real-world data, a linear regression model inspired by the Facebook Prophet model was developed to predict vital signs for the upcoming 180 seconds. With 180 seconds of lead time, caregivers can potentially save patients' lives through early diagnosis of their health conditions. For this purpose, a Naïve Bayes classification model, a Support Vector Machine model, a Random Forest model, and genetic programming-based hyper tunning were employed. The proposed model outdoes previous attempts at vital sign prediction. Compared with alternative methods, the Facebook Prophet model has the best mean square in predicting vital signs. A hyperparameter-tuning is utilized to refine the model, yielding improved short- and long-term outcomes for each and every vital sign. Furthermore, the F-measure for the proposed classification model is 0.98 with an increase of 0.21. The incorporation of additional elements, such as momentum indicators, could increase the model's flexibility with calibration. The findings of this study demonstrate that the proposed model is more accurate in predicting vital signs and trends. IEEE

关键词： Decision trees

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Enhancing Customer Behavior Prediction and Interpretability

Enhancing Customer Behavior Prediction and Interpretability

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Wang, Danny Y. C. Jordanger, Lars Arne Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Bergen Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

This paper leverages insights from my previous works to analyze and predict customer behavior in different areas using data mining and machine learning techniques. The research focuses on identifying and interpreting customer preferences, purchasing patterns and risk factors for customer churn to develop predictive models that support decision making. By analyzing various datasets such as tabular data, clickstream data, and digital interactions, this study aims to provide a comprehensive framework for extracting actionable insights and enhancing the accuracy and transparency of customer behavior predictions. The proposed approach enables businesses to anticipate customer behavior, personalize marketing strategies, and improve the explainability and effectiveness of customer behavior prediction models. Future work will incorporate advanced visualization techniques and various data structures to further improve the model's transparency and predictive capability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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SSRepL-ADHD: Adaptive Complex Representation Learning Framework for ADHD Detection from Visual Attention Tasks

SSRepL-ADHD: Adaptive Complex Representation Learning Framew...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Rehman, Abdul Heldal, Ilona Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Bergen Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Self Supervised Representation Learning (SSRepL) can capture meaningful and robust representations of the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) data and have the potential to improve the model's performance on also downstream different types of Neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) detection. In this paper, a novel SSRepL and Transfer Learning (TL)-based framework that incorporates a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and a Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) model is proposed to detect children with potential symptoms of ADHD. This model uses Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals extracted during visual attention tasks to accurately detect ADHD by preprocessing EEG signal quality through normalization, filtering, and data balancing. For the experimental analysis, we use three different models: 1) SSRepL and TL-based LSTM-GRU model named as SSRepL-ADHD, which integrates LSTM and GRU layers to capture temporal dependencies in the data, 2) lightweight SSRepL-based DNN model (LSSRepL-DNN), and 3) Random Forest (RF). In the study, these models are thoroughly evaluated using well-known performance metrics (i.e., accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score). The results show that the proposed SSRepL-ADHD model achieves the maximum accuracy of 81.11% while admitting the difficulties associated with dataset imbalance and feature selection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Complementary memtransistors for neuromorphic computing: How, what and why

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 64-80页

作者： Qi Chen Yue Zhou Weiwei Xiong Zirui Chen Yasai Wang Xiangshui Miao Yuhui He School of Integrated Circuits Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoUSA Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione and *** Politecnico di MilanoMilanoItaly Department of Applied Physics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic *** the other side,it is known that the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)field effect transistors have played the fundamental role in the modern integrated circuit ***,will complementary memtransistors(CMT)also play such a role in the future neuromorphic circuits and chips?In this review,various types of materials and physical mechanisms for constructing CMT(how)are inspected with their merits and need-to-address challenges *** the unique properties(what)and poten-tial applications of CMT in different learning algorithms/scenarios of spiking neural networks(why)are reviewed,including super-vised rule,reinforcement one,dynamic vision with in-sensor computing,*** exploiting the complementary structure-related novel functions,significant reduction of hardware consuming,enhancement of energy/efficiency ratio and other advan-tages have been gained,illustrating the alluring prospect of design technology co-optimization(DTCO)of CMT towards neuro-morphic computing.

关键词： complementary memtransistor neuromorphic computing reward-modulated spike timing-dependent plasticity remote supervise method in-sensor computing

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Hybrid magnonics with localized spoof surface-plasmon polaritons

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Physical Review applied 2024年第3期22卷 034009页

作者： Yuzan Xiong Andrew Christy Zixin Yan Amin Pishehvar Muntasir Mahdi Junming Wu James F. Cahoon Binbin Yang Michael C. Hamilton Xufeng Zhang Wei Zhang Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Chemistry Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics

Hybrid magnonic systems have emerged as a promising direction for information propagation with preserved coherence. Because of the high tunability of magnons, their interactions with microwave photons can be engineered to probe novel phenomena based on strong photon-magnon coupling. Improving the photon-magnon coupling strength can be done by tuning the structure of microwave resonators to better interact with the magnon counterpart. Planar resonators have been explored due to their potential for on-chip integration, but only common modes from stripline-based resonators have been used. Here, we present a microwave spiral resonator supporting spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and implement it in the investigation of photon-magnon coupling for hybrid magnonic applications. We showcase strong magnon-LSP photon coupling using a ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet sphere. We discuss the engineering capacity of the photon mode frequency and spatial field distributions of the spiral resonator via both experiment and simulation. As a result of the localized photon mode profiles, the resulting magnetic field concentrates near the surface dielectrics, giving rise to an enhanced magnetic filling factor. The strong coupling and large engineering space render the spoof LSPs an interesting contender in developing novel hybrid magnonic systems and functionalities.

关键词： Magnons Plasmonics Quantum information with hybrid systems Spin optoelectronics Surface plasmon polariton Magnonic crystals Metamaterials Microwave techniques

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A family of resonance-based tunable frequency oscillators and application to chaos generation

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International Journal of Electronics Letters 2024年第4期12卷 495-505页

作者： Elwakil, A.S. Maundy, B.J. Psychalinos, C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary Alberta Canada Department of Physics Electronics Laboratory University of Patras Rio Patras Greece

We propose a family of second-order resonance-based sinusoidal oscillators with electronically tunable frequencies. Each oscillator is comprised of two amplifiers, surrounded by four impedances which must be a single (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.) or (Formula presented.) and we show that in this configuration eight resonance-based oscillators are possible. We also show the conditions for each oscillator to oscillate along with the frequency of oscillation and then design a non-autonomous chaotic oscillator based on one of these circuits. Circuit simulations using LTspice and experimental results are presented to verify the theory. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： frequency tuning LC oscillators phase tuning Second-order oscillators

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Sensorless BLDC Motor Tracking Control using EMRAS Controller 3

Sensorless BLDC Motor Tracking Control using EMRAS Controlle...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Energy and Communication, CIEC 2024

作者： Roy, Partha Roy, Akash Ray, Susanta Jadavpur University Department of Electrical Engineering Kolkata700032 India University of Calcutta Department of Applied Physics Kolkata700009 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313703

The prime objective of this article is to justify a novel type of controller as Enhanced Model Reference Adaptive System (EMRAS) controller for the tracking control of sensor less BLDC motor. The application of this novel form of controller to BLDC drives is discussed in this study, along with a discussion of the key changes in the implementation with relation to speed tracking, rising time, and overshoot. Commutation of BLDC motor is accomplished by the back emf estimation method which follows zero cross detector (ZCD) to substitute the effectivity of hall sensors. The findings of simulations and experiments demonstrate that, when compared to the traditional PI control, EMRAS control produces less torque ripple and a faster tracking response with a low rising time and nearly no overshoot. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Simulink

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Dual-Buck Bipolar Buck-Boost AC-AC Converter With Reduced Semiconductor Devices

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2024年第9期71卷 10495-10511页

作者： Ahmed, Hafiz Furqan Chien, Howard Khan, Ashraf Ali Islam, Shirazul Akbar, Fazal Alzaabi, Omar National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Memorial University of Newfoundland Faculty of Engineering And Applied Science Department of Electrical And Computer Engineering St. John'sNLA1B 3X9 Canada Qatar University Department of Electrical Engineering Doha2713 Qatar University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JL United Kingdom Khalifa University Department of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science Advanced Power And Energy Center Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates

Dual-buck (DB) structured ac-ac converters are becoming advanced due to their inherent protection from open- and short-circuit risks, and elimination of commutation issue. However, the existing DB ac-ac converters provide restricted bipolar voltage operations with a large semiconductor device count and underutilized inductors. This article proposed a new reduced switch DB ac-ac converter without commutation issue. The propose converter provides multiple buck-boost voltage operations with noninverting and inverting outputs, making it a flexible topology for various ac voltage applications. The propose converter exhibits the continuous input and output currents irrespective of operation mode, and performs well with nonunity power factor loads. The positive and negative voltage gains of the proposed converter can address the grid voltage sag and swell issues, respectively, making it right candidate for application as dynamic voltage restorer. A detailed comparative evaluation is carried out with existing DB converters, which validated the effectiveness of the proposed converter, including;reduced semiconductor device count and their power ratings, reduced inductor sizes with improved magnetic utilization, enhanced voltage compensation ranges, and better efficiency. A laboratory scale hardware prototype of the proposed converter is built and thoroughly tested to validate its operation. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semiconductor devices

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Learning Posterior Distributions in Underdetermined Inverse Problems 9th

Learning Posterior Distributions in Underdetermined Inverse...

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9th International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in computer Vision, SSVM 2023

作者： Runkel, Christina Moeller, Michael Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane Etmann, Christian Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Siegen Siegen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031319747

In recent years, classical knowledge-driven approaches for inverse problems have been complemented by data-driven methods exploiting the power of machine and especially deep learning. Purely data-driven methods, however, come with the drawback of disregarding prior knowledge of the problem even though it has shown to be beneficial to incorporate this knowledge into the problem-solving process. We thus introduce an unpaired learning approach for learning posterior distributions of underdetermined inverse problems. It combines advantages of deep generative modeling with established ideas of knowledge-driven approaches by incorporating prior information about the inverse problem. We develop a new neural network architecture ’UnDimFlow’ (short for Unequal Dimensionality Flow) consisting of two normalizing flows, one from the data to the latent, and one from the latent to the solution space. Additionally, we incorporate the forward operator to develop an unpaired learning method for the UnDimFlow architecture and propose a tailored point estimator to recover an optimal solution during inference. We evaluate our method on the two underdetermined inverse problems of image inpainting and super-resolution. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Inverse problems

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