We consider models for growing networks incorporating two effects not previously considered: (i) different species of nodes, with each species having different properties (such as different attachment probabilities to...
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We consider models for growing networks incorporating two effects not previously considered: (i) different species of nodes, with each species having different properties (such as different attachment probabilities to other node species) and (ii) when a new node is created, its number of links to old nodes is random with a given probability distribution. Our numerical simulations show good agreement with analytic solutions. As an application of our model, we investigate the movie-actor network with movies considered as nodes and actors as links.
Gallium-Zinc mixed metal oxides have been fabricated by the sol-gel process and tested towards oxygen gas. These films were deposited on alumina transducers with interdigital electrodes for gas sensing measurements an...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780375718
Gallium-Zinc mixed metal oxides have been fabricated by the sol-gel process and tested towards oxygen gas. These films were deposited on alumina transducers with interdigital electrodes for gas sensing measurements and on single crystal silicon substrates for microcharacterization. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) showed that the actual concentrations in Ga-Zn oxide thin films differ from the nominal values in the prepared solutions as a function of annealing temperature. Furthermore, the concentration of Zn decreases with a rise of sample annealing temperature. It was found that by increasing the amount of Zn in the sensor film, the operating temperature decreased as well as the base resistance.
We report observation of photon tunneling gated by light at a different wavelength in an artificially created array of nanometer-scale cylindrical channels in a thick gold film. Polarization properties of gated light ...
We report observation of photon tunneling gated by light at a different wavelength in an artificially created array of nanometer-scale cylindrical channels in a thick gold film. Polarization properties of gated light provide strong proof of the enhanced nonlinear optical mixing in nanometric channels involved in the process. This suggests the possibility of building a class of “gated” photon tunneling devices for massive parallel all-optical signal and image processing.
We present the first results from picosecond interferometry of dense laser-produced plasmas using a soft x-ray laser. The picosecond duration and short wavelength of the 14.7 nm Ni-like Pd laser mitigates effects asso...
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We present the first results from picosecond interferometry of dense laser-produced plasmas using a soft x-ray laser. The picosecond duration and short wavelength of the 14.7 nm Ni-like Pd laser mitigates effects associated with motion blurring and refraction through millimeter-scale plasmas. This enables direct measurement of the electron-density profile to within 10 μm of the target surface. A series of high-quality two-dimensional (2D) density measurements provide unambiguous characterization of the time evolution in a fast-evolving plasma suitable for validation of existing 1D and 2D hydrodynamic codes.
A millimeter wave phased antenna array (PAA) serving as an electrically controlled "lens" is being developed for use in plasma imaging reflectometric diagnostics. To account for the rapid changes of the cuto...
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A millimeter wave phased antenna array (PAA) serving as an electrically controlled "lens" is being developed for use in plasma imaging reflectometric diagnostics. To account for the rapid changes of the cutoff layer with plasma density variation, a true time delay (TTD) controlled phased antenna array (PAA) is being developed as an artificial lens with controllable focal length for launching the illumination beam of the microwave imaging reflectometry (NUR) system. Varactor diode loaded transmission lines, also called Nonlinear Delay Lines (NDL), are utilized in this electronic lens to control the time delays between each array element, and subsequently the wavefront of the probe beam. Proof of principle 1-D and 2-D PAAs have previously been demonstrated in beam steering systems. A 45 GHz monolithic NDL-based PAA is currently under development and will be installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) in the near future.
Spatial coherence properties of 3 different kinds of coherent sources in extreme ultraviolet/soft x‐ray wavelength region, namely undulator, x‐ray laser and high harmonic generation source, are introduced. Advantage...
Spatial coherence properties of 3 different kinds of coherent sources in extreme ultraviolet/soft x‐ray wavelength region, namely undulator, x‐ray laser and high harmonic generation source, are introduced. Advantages of each source type and their potential applications are also discussed.
Exciton-polariton structures were observed at 8 K in the photoreflectance (PR) and resonantly excited photoluminescence (PL) spectra of a ZnO (0001) epitaxial film on the a -face of sapphire grown by radical-source mo...
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Exciton-polariton structures were observed at 8 K in the photoreflectance (PR) and resonantly excited photoluminescence (PL) spectra of a ZnO (0001) epitaxial film on the a -face of sapphire grown by radical-source molecular-beam epitaxy. The resonance energies of near-normal predominant PR structures were close to those of the longitudinal excitons, i.e. upper polariton branches, where A-, B-, and C-excitons couple simultaneously to an electromagnetic wave. In contrast to the results obtained for GaN, the longitudinal–transverse (L–T) splitting of the B-excitonic polariton was observed, which is due to the large oscillator strength. The sample quality was high enough to observe distinct excitonic polariton emissions.
Many work related electric accidents occurred in electric energy industries and they were very often fatal. The situation of electric accidents in electric companies worldwide is investigated by reviewing the scientif...
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This paper describes the layered and modular hard- and software architecture of autonomously soccer playing robots used in The Dutch Team. The schemes of the hard and software architectures are presented and the softw...
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Recombination dynamics of localized excitons in strained cubic (c-)In x Ga 1— x N/c-GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were studied. In contrast to hexagonal (h-)InGaN quantum wells (QWs), low-excitation photoluminesc...
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Recombination dynamics of localized excitons in strained cubic (c-)In x Ga 1— x N/c-GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were studied. In contrast to hexagonal (h-)InGaN quantum wells (QWs), low-excitation photoluminescence (PL) peak energy increased moderately with decreasing well thickness L and the PL decay time did not depend on L . The results indicated that piezoelectric field had negligible influence on the transition processes. The time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) signal showed a stretched exponential decay up to 300 K, showing that the spontaneous emission is due to the radiative recombination of excitons localized in disordered quantum nanostructures even at 300 K. Decrease in internal quantum efficiency ( η ), which is related to the increase in quasi-radiative lifetime, with the increase in temperature was explained to be due to reduced localization rate.
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