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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2000

作者： Chudoba, C. Fujimoto, J.G. Ippen, E.P. Haus, H.A. Morgner, U. Kartner, F.X. Scheurer, V. Angelow, G. Tschudi, T. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States D-76I31 Germany Institute for Applied Physics TH Darmstadt D-64289 Germany

14-fs pulses at 1.3 |im were generated by an all-solid-state, Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:forsterite laser using doublé chirped mirrors. The spectral bandwidth (FWHM) was 250 nm with an 80 mW average power and 100 M... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Laser mirrors

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On the Perception of Transients: Applying Psychophysical Constraints to Improve Audio Analysis and Synthesis 26

On the Perception of Transients: Applying Psychophysical Con...

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26th International computer Music Conference, ICMC 2000

作者： Wakefield, Gregory H. Heller, Laurie M. Carney, Laurel H. Mellody, Maureen Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory GrotonCT06359 United States Hearing Research Center Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan United States

In a psychophysical experiment, a wideband, 4-ms noise is compared with spectrally smoothed versions of the noise. To isolate on the magnitude spectrum, the phase spectrum is controlled by assigning the same random phase spectrum to both the original and smoothed signals. Depending on the choice of phase spectrum, discrimination thresholds for spectral shape vary from a maximum spectral deviation of 2-3 dB to as much as 25 dB. The exact source of this effect remains an open question. However, it suggests that not all transients require the same signal fidelity. Given a proper characterization of the perceptual response, it may be possible to reduce the size of the codebook required to maintain acceptable perceptual results. © 2000 ICMC. All Rights Reserved.

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Sub-20-fs pulses at 1.3 µm generated from an all-solid-state Criforsterite laser

Sub-20-fs pulses at 1.3 µm generated from an all-solid-stat...

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International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena, UP 2000

作者： Chudoba, C. Fujimoto, J.G. Ippen, E.P. Haus, H.A. Morgner, U. Kärtner, F.X. Scheurer, V. Angelow, G. Tschudi, T. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States KarlsuheD-76131 Germany Institute for Applied Physics TH Darmstadt Hochschulstr. 6 DarmstadtD-64289 Germany

19-fs pulses were generated by an all-solid-state, Kerr-lens mode-locked *** laser using double chirped mirrors for dispersion control. The laser spectrum extended from 1250-1500 nm at 80 mW average power and 100 MHz ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557526400

关键词： Pulse repetition rate

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Diagnosability of faults using finite-state automaton model

Diagnosability of faults using finite-state automaton model

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： YunXia Xi Khiang-Wee Lim Weng-Khuen Ho H.A. Preisig Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Faculty of Applied Physics Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

This paper analyzes the diagnosability of faults in a plant modelled by finite state automaton tables (FATs). The state-space is partitioned by choosing a set of boundaries for each state variable. Given the set of ordinary differential equations of the plant, it is possible to generate a finite-state automaton table (FAT) representation of the plant that describes possible discrete state transitions under normal and under fault conditions. The FAT serves as input to a fault detection and isolation algorithm. In this paper, we extend our earlier work to propose a definition of fault diagnosability and analyze the nondiagnosable circumstances. The proposition is illustrated with an example.

关键词： Automata Fault detection Fats Fault diagnosis Differential equations Discrete event systems Electronic mail Automatic testing System testing Sensor systems

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Test transformation to improve compaction by statistical encoding

Test transformation to improve compaction by statistical enc...

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International Conference on VLSI Design

作者： H. Ichihara K. Kinoshita I. Pomeranz S.M. Reddy Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Iowa Iowa IA USA

In test compression/decompression schemes the objective is to achieve the highest compression without sacrificing fault coverage. In this paper, we propose a method to transform a test set in order to achieve higher compression without sacrificing fault coverage, while using statistical encoding techniques. The compression ratio of a test set depends on the entropy of the test set, and hence our test transformation method decreases the entropy of the test set without losing the fault coverage. Experimental results show that the proposed method transforms given test sets into highly compressible ones.

关键词： Testing Compaction Encoding

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Transport Measurements of Individual Bi Nanowires

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2000年第1期582卷 13-18页

作者： Cronin, Stephen B Lin, Yu Ming Koga, Takaaki Ying, Jackie Y Dresselhaus, Mildred S. Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge USA Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA

Transport properties are reported for Bi nanowires, prepared by the filling of an alumina template with molten Bi. The temperature dependence of the resistance is presented for such arrays of Bi nanowires with diameters in the 40 to 200nm range. The data are understood qualitatively on the basis of a model for a quantum-confined system. Finally, a 4-point measurement is performed on an individual Bi nanowire prepared by using an electron beam lithography technique. Techniques for handling the practical issues of non-ohmic contacts and wire burn-out are given. The physical significance of the final results of the measurements are discussed in light of various scattering mechanisms in the nanowire.

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Polycrystalline and amorphous sol-gel derived WO/sub 3/ thin films and their gas sensing properties

Polycrystalline and amorphous sol-gel derived WO/sub 3/ thin...

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Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices

作者： Y.X. Li K. Galatsis W. Wlodarski J. Cole S. Russo J. Gorman N. Rockelmann C. Cantalini School of Electrical and Computer System Engineering Department of Applied Physics RMIT University Australia Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chinese Academy and Sciences Shanghai China School of Electrical and Computer System Engineering Department of Applied Physics RMIT University Melbourne Australia Department of Chemistry and Materials University di L''Aquila Italy Manufacturing Science and Technology CSIRO Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0780366980

Amorphous and polycrystalline tungsten trioxide (WO/sub 3/) thin films were prepared using the sol-gel process. Tungsten ethoxide was used as precursor material. The WO/sub 3/ thin films were spun onto the sapphire and silicon substrates at 2500 rpm for 30 s. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the films annealed at low temperature of 420/spl deg/C for 1 hr. are amorphous while those annealed at as high as 500/spl deg/C are polycrystalline. The scanning electronic microscope (SEM) images revealed that the film annealed at 360/spl deg/C was amorphous and the surface was smooth. The film showed good responses to 100 ppm, 1000 ppm and 1% O/sub 2/ at an operating temperature of 170/spl deg/C. At high operating temperatures the films showed unsaturated and sluggish responses to oxygen gas. The amorphous WO/sub 3/ thin films showed no response to ozone. The crystallized thin films showed very stable response to oxygen.

关键词： Amorphous materials Transistors Annealing Temperature Tungsten Scanning electron microscopy Semiconductor thin films Silicon Substrates X-ray imaging

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Switching properties of the Pb/sub 0.9/La/sub 0.1/TiO/sub 3/ thin film

Switching properties of the Pb/sub 0.9/La/sub 0.1/TiO/sub 3/...

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IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF)

作者： Dong Hoon Chang Seong Jun Kang Sung An Kim Kook Pyo Lee Yung Sup Yoon School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea Department of Semiconductor & Applied Physics Yosu National University Yosu South Korea

Switching properties of the Pb/sub 0.9/La/sub 0.1/TiO/sub 3/ thin film have been measured. As the external input pulse voltage increases from 2 to 5 V, the switching time decreases from 0.49 to 0.12 /spl mu/s. The activation energy (E/sub a/) is obtained as 209 kV/cm from the relation between the switching time and the applied pulse voltage. The switched charge densities at 5 V obtained from the hysteresis loop and the polarization switching are 11.69 and 13.02 /spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/, respectively, which agree relatively well with each other and show a difference of 10%. As the top electrode area increases from 3.14/spl times/10/sup -4/ to 5.03/spl times/10/sup -3/ cm/sup -2/, the switching time increases from 0.12 to 1.88 /spl mu/s. As the load resistance increases from 50 /spl Omega/ to 33 k/spl Omega/, the switching time increases from 0.12 /spl mu/s to 9.7 /spl mu/s. These switching characteristics indicate that Pb/sub 0.9/La/sub 0.1/TiO/sub 3/ thin film can be well applied in nonvolatile memory devices.

关键词： Transistors Ferroelectric materials Voltage Nonvolatile memory Polarization Thin film devices Electrodes Hysteresis Semiconductor thin films Space vector pulse width modulation

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Performance of the wavelet domain diversity method for image transmission over Rayleigh fading channels

Performance of the wavelet domain diversity method for image...

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IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communication

作者： L.C. Ramac P.K. Varshney Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University Laurel MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Scien Syracuse University Syracuse NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780358937

A wavelet domain diversity combining method to combat errors during wireless image transmission has been presented recently. For images represented in the wavelet domain, diversity is used to obtain multiple data streams corresponding to the transmitted image at the receiver. These individual image data streams are combined to form a composite image with higher perceptual quality. The SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) algorithm is used for image compression, and diversity combining methods for the compressed images exploit the characteristics of the wavelet transform. For these images, unequal error protection is employed in conjunction with diversity combining. Performance of this scheme over Rayleigh fading channels is evaluated in this paper. Simulation results demonstrate that the quality of the received image can be significantly improved.

关键词： Wavelet domain Diversity methods Diversity reception Streaming media Image coding Image communication Partitioning algorithms Wavelet transforms Error correction codes Fading

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Challenges and limitations on generating few cycle laser pulses directly from oscillators

Challenges and limitations on generating few cycle laser pul...

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International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena, UP 2000

作者： Kartner, F.X. Morgner, U. Chen, Y. Haus, H.A. Ippen, E.P. Fujimoto, J.G. Scheuer, V. Angelow, G. Tschudi, T. High-Frequency and Quantum Electronics Laboratory University of Karlsruhe Kaiserstrajle 12 Karlsruhe76128 Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave CambridgeMA02139 United States Institute for Applied Physics Technische Hochschule Darmstadt Hochschulstrafie 6 Darmstadt Germany

Sub-two-cycle optical pulses with bandwidths in excess of 400 nm have been generated directly from a Ti:sapphire laser. Prospects for pulse generation towards the single-cycle regime using double-chirped mirror pairs ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557526400

关键词： Bandwidth

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