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11th IEEE 1989 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC'89

作者： Strohbehn, Kim Andreou, Andreas G. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

In this paper we discuss a digital bit-serial VLSI chip for accumulating neural activations of a population of neurons that form a linear receptive field. This type of VLSI circuit is complementary to the best-match classifiers described in the literature. Our circuit is called a "Brute Force Detector" (BFD). We have designed and fabricated a prototype BFD neuron cascade through MOSIS in a 3-micron p-well CMOS process (M83M run). Our results indicate that a wafer scale, restructurable version of a detector could be constructed that could implement on the order of 10* ***;5 receptive fields. A receiver employing a cascade of such wafers would be of great practical value for radar and sonar applications as well as useful for the search for extraterretrial intelligence (SETI). © 1989 IEEE.

关键词： VLSI circuits

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A bit-serial VLSI receptive field accumulator

A bit-serial VLSI receptive field accumulator

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Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)

作者： K. Strohbehn A.G. Andreou The Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University USA

A digital bit-serial VLSI chip for accumulating neural activations of a population of neurons that form a linear receptive field is discussed. This type of VLSI circuit is complementary to the best-match classifiers described in the literature. The circuit is called a brute force detector (BFD). The authors have designed and fabricated a prototype BFD neuron cascade through MOSIS in a 3-μm p-well CMOS process (M83M run). The results indicate that a wafer-scale, restructurable version of a detector could be constructed that could implement on the order of 10 5 receptive fields. A receiver using a cascade of such wafers would be of great practical value for radar and sonar applications as well as useful for the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI)

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Combining visual and acoustic speech signals with a neural network improves intelligibility 89

Combining visual and acoustic speech signals with a neural n...

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Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： T. J. Sejnowski B. P. Yuhas M. H. Goldstein R. E. Jenkins The Salk Institute and Department of Biology The University of California at San Diego San Diego CA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD The Applied Physics Laboratory The Johns Hopkins University Laurel MD

Acoustic speech recognition degrades in the presence of noise. Compensatory information is available from the visual speech signals around the speaker's mouth. Previous attempts at using these visual speech signals to improve automatic speech recognition systems have combined the acoustic and visual speech information at a symbolic level using heuristic rules. In this paper, we demonstrate an alternative approach to fusing the visual and acoustic speech information by training feedforward neural networks to map the visual signal onto the corresponding short-term spectral amplitude envelope (STSAE) of the acoustic signal. This information can be directly combined with the degraded acoustic STSAE. Significant improvements are demonstrated in vowel recognition from noise-degraded acoustic signals. These results are compared to the performance of humans, as well as other pattern matching and estimation algorithms.

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THE AEGIS DATA BUS EXPERIMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第5期101卷 53-58页

作者： FRINK, JG VERVEN, DM John G. Frink is an assistant group supervisor in the Fleet Systems Department of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. He received his B.S. degree in physics from Michigan State University in 1968 and the M.S. degree in computer science from the University of Maryland in 1971. Mr. Frink worked at the Naval Surface Weapons Center White Oak Laboratory on a variety of weapons systems before joining the Applied Physics Laboratory in 1978. Mr. Frink has supervised the development of a large scale battle group simulation that successfully employs the receiver selection paradigm described herein on a hardware suite composed of an extensible number of (currently 15) processors. David M. Verven is a senior electrical engineer in the Fleet Systems Department of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland College Park in 1979 and the M. S. degree in the same discipline from The Johns Hopkins University in 1984. Mr. Verven joined the Applied Physics Laboratory in 1979 and initially worked on analysis of Navy sensor systems. In 1981 he was the AN/SPS-49 test team leader for the New Threat Upgrade (NTU) combat system land-based test. In 1982 he became involved in the development of the BBWRS system. Currently he is involved in real-time computer program development for the CEP project.

This paper documents an experiment performed by The Johns Hopkins University applied physics Laboratory to measure the effect of inserting a data bus into a combat system. The experiment was conducted at the Aegis computer Center located at the Naval Surface Weapons Center in Dahlgren, Virginia (NSWC/DL). The purpose of the experiment was to determine whether or not the Aegis Weapon System (the core of the Aegis Combat System) could be operated with a portion of its point-to-point interelement cables replaced by a data bus. The data bus chosen for the experiment employs message broadcasting with receiver selection. A primary goal of the experiment was to minimize the amount of Aegis computer program changes required to accommodate the data bus. The results presented in this paper will show that the experiment was a success. Key certification tests were passed with no computer program changes to the tactical elements and minimal changes in the Aegis tactical executive (ATES) program (less than 110 words changed).

关键词： Data Transmission Equipment

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THE QUANTIFICATION OF INTEROPERABILITY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第3期101卷 251-256页

作者： MENSH, DR KITE, RS DARBY, PH Dennis Roy Mensh:is currently the task leader Interoperability Project with the MITRE Corporation in McLean Va. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in applied physics from Loyola College in Baltimore Md. and the American University in Washington D. C. He also has completed his course work towards his Ph.D. degree in computer science specializing in the fields of systems analysis and computer simulation. He has been employed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center White Oak Laboratory Silver Spring Md. for 20 years in the areas of weapon system analysis and the development of weapon systems simulations. Since 1978 he has been involved in the development of tools and methodologies that can be applied to the solution of shipboard combat system/battle force system architecture and engineering problems. Mr. Mensh is a member of ASNE MORS IEEE U.S. Naval Institute MAA and the Sigma Xi Research Society. Robert S. Kite:is a systems engineer with the Naval Warfare Systems Engineering Department of the MITRE Corporation in McLean Va. Mr. Kite received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore Md. Mr. Kite retired from the Federal Communications Commission in 1979 and served a project manager of the J-12 Frequency Management Support Project for the Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute in Annapolis Md. before joining MITRE. Mr. Kite is presently a member of ASNE the Military Operations Research Society and an associate member of Sigma Xi. Paul H. Darby:has worked in the field of interoperability both in the development of interoperability concepts and systems since joining the Department of the Navy in 1967. He was the Navy's program manager for the WestPacNorth TACS/ TADS and IFFN systems. He is currently head of the Interoperability Branch Warfare Systems Engineering Office Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. He holds a B.S. from the U.S. Naval Academy.

JCS Pub 1 defines interoperability as “The ability of systems, units or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units or forces and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” With JCS Pub 1 as a foundation, interoperability of systems, units or forces can be factored into a set of components that can quantify interoperability. These components are: media, languages, standards, requirements, environment, procedures, and human factors. The concept described in this paper uses these components as an analysis tool to enable specific detailed analyses of the interoperability of BFC3 systems, units, or forces for the purpose of uncovering and resolving interoperability issues and problems in the U.S. Navy, Joint, and Allied arenas. Also, as a management tool, the components can help determine potential interoperability characteristics of future U.S. Navy BFC3 systems for compliance with battle force systems architectures. The approach selected for the quantification of interoperability was the development of a set of measures of performance (MOPs) and measures of effectiveness (MOEs). The MOPs/MOEs were integrated with a candidate set of components, which were used to partition the totality of interoperability into measurable entities. The methodology described employs basic truth table theory in conjunction with logic equations to evaluate the interoperability components in terms of MOPs that were aggregated to MOEs. It is believed that this concept, although elementary and based on fundamental principles, represents an operationally significant approach rather than a theoretical approach to the quantification of interoperability. The vehicle used as a means to measure the MOPs and MOEs was the Research Evaluation and Systems Analysis (RESA) computer modeling and simulation capability at the Naval Ocean Systems Center (NOSC), San Diego, Calif. Data for the measurements were collected during a Tactical I

关键词： Military engineering

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engineering artificial intelligence

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engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 1988年第1期1卷 5-10页

作者： Pao, Yoh-Han Center for Automation and Intelligent Systems Research Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 United States Department of Computer Sciences Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 United States

Current Artificial Intelligence can be used to good effect in engineering systems for emulating some high-level mental functions of humans but is not suitable for coping with many other difficult tasks, especially those involving combined perception and cognition. Neural-net computing on the other hand seems to be better suited to meeting the demands of those types of tasks. These matters are discussed in this paper and it is suggested that the type of Artificial Intelligence appropriate for use in an engineering system will be an evolved one combining the strengths of symbolic processing and neural-net computing. © 1988.

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Optimal and sub optimal integration of position and doppler sensors for target tracking

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1988年第9期21卷 1321-1326页

作者： P. Kalata M. Kam C. Lin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA The Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University Laurel MA 20707 USA

This paper considers the optimal and sub-optimal integration of radar Doppler and position measurements to track a maneuvering target The optimal integration scheme for position and Doppler measurements within one algorithm is the Kalman Filter. It is shown that the four steady state tracking parameters are dependent only on the Tracking Index, Ʌ (the ratio of the target maneuver to the position measurement noise), and Sensor Noise Ratio, S. The proposed sub-optimal integration process considers the independent operations of an α-β Filter for the position measurements and α-β Filter for the Doppler measurements. The output of the filters are linearly combined to form a target track. An example is presented to show the performance of the α-β tracker; the α-β and β trackers with the linear combiner; and the two-sensor Kalman Filter

关键词： Optimal estimation Kalman filtering Target tracking α-β Filter β Filter Tracking Index Sensor noise ratio Linear combiner

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Analysis of light distribution in tissue

Analysis of light distribution in tissue

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Laser Interaction with Tissue 1988

作者： Van Gemert, M.J.C. Jacques, S.L. Sterenborg, H.J.C.M. Star, W.M. Welch, A.J. Academic Medical Centre Experimental Laser Centre Meibergdreef 9 Amsterdam Z.O.1105 AZ Netherlands Laser Application and Information Centre Amsterdam Department of Physics Free University Amsterdam Netherlands Wellmann Laboratory Department of Dermatology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston United States Department of Clinical Physics Rotterdam Radiotherapeutic Institute Rotterdam Netherlands Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin United States Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering

Q-uantitative dosimetry in clinical laser treatment requires information on propagation of light in tissue related to the optical properties of the tissue. This involves the solution of the integro-differential equation of radiative transfer, as well as experimental methods to determine the optical properties involved. These activities are summarized under the name tissue optics. This paper reviews the current status of tissue optics, distinguishing between the cases of: dominant absorption, dominant scattering, and scattering about equal to absorption. Most tissues or phantom tissues of which the optical properties are available show strongly forward scattering. The absorption and scattering data of skin layers show that in many cases scattering is more important than absorption. Under such circumstances, solutions to the transport equation under laser irradiation conditions are currently lacking. © 1988 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tissue

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Parallel algorithm for the solution of nonlinear Poisson equation of semiconductor device theory and its implementation on the MPP

Parallel algorithm for the solution of nonlinear Poisson equ...

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Frontiers of Massively Parallel Computation

作者： J.P. Darling I.D. Mayergoyz Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University Laurel MD USA Electrical Engineering Department and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD USA

The implementation and testing of an algorithm for the numerical solution of the nonlinear Poisson equation of semiconductor device theory (MOSFET) on a massively parallel processor (MPP) is presented. A brief description is provided of the parallel architecture of the MPP, highlighting the features exploited by the numerical implementation. The specifics of the algorithm implementation using the parallel Pascal language of the MPP are described. Refinements made to the algorithm implementation to improve run-time efficiency are also discussed. The algorithm implementation is summarized and future work is outlined.< >

关键词： Parallel algorithms Poisson equations Semiconductor devices Nonlinear equations Electric potential Charge carrier processes Circuits Very large scale integration Concurrent computing Parallel processing

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Signal Processing For Ocean Tomography With Moving Ships

Signal Processing For Ocean Tomography With Moving Ships

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： T.G. Birdsall K. Metzger R.C. Spindel Communication and Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle WA USA

In ocean acoustic tomography, maximal length binary shift- register sequences, m-sequences, are used to modulate acoustic carriers to achieve high average power and good time and Doppler resolution. To date, the underwater transmitters and receivers have been in fixed positions, and signal processing has consisted of demodulation followed by factor inverse filtering. Ocean tomography now is being extended to include the use of moving, ship-towed, transmitters and receivers, where signal processing must account for Doppler time and frequency resealing. This paper describes the signal demodulation and processing methods developed for moving ship tomography and presents illustrative results.

关键词： Signal processing Oceans Tomography Marine vehicles Transmitters Spatial resolution Signal resolution Filtering Acoustic signal processing Demodulation

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