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ManQala: Game-Inspired Strategies for Quantum State engineering

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Danaci, Onur Zhang, Wenlei Coleman, Robert Djakam, William Amoo, Michaela Glasser, Ryan T. Kirby, Brian T. N'Gom, Moussa Searles, Thomas A. IBM-HBCU Quantum Center Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Instituut-Lorentz Universiteit Leiden Leiden2300 RA Netherlands Department of Physics & Engineering Physics Tulane University New OrleansLA70118 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Alabama-Birmingham BirminghamAL35233 United States Devcom Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States

The ability to prepare systems in specific target states through quantum engineering is essential for realizing the new technologies promised by a second quantum revolution. Here, we recast the fundamental problem of state preparation in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces as ManQala, a quantum game inspired by the West African sowing game mancala. Motivated by optimal gameplay in solitaire mancala, where nested nearest-neighbor permutations and actions evolve the state of the game board to its target configuration, ManQala acts as a pre-processing approach for deterministically arranging particles in a quantum control problem. Once pre-processing with ManQala is complete, existing quantum control methods are applied, but now with a reduced search space. We find that ManQala-type strategies match, or outperform, competing approaches in terms of final state variance even in small-scale quantum state engineering problems where we expect the slightest advantage, since the relative reduction in search space is the least. These results suggest that ManQala provides a rich platform for designing control protocols relevant to near-term intermediate-scale quantum technologies. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Control theory

Quantum Circuit for Non-Unitary Linear Transformation of Basis Sets

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhu, Guorui Bierman, Joel Lu, Jianfeng Li, Yingzhou School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan University China Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University United States Department of Mathematics Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Duke University United States School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics Fudan University Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences Ministry of Education China

This paper introduces a novel approach to implementing non-unitary linear transformations of basis on quantum computational platforms, a significant leap beyond the conventional unitary methods. By integrating Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) into the process, the method achieves an operational depth of O(n) with about n ancilla qubits, enhancing the computational capabilities for analyzing fermionic systems. The non-unitarity of the transformation allows us to transform a wave function from one basis to another, which can span different spaces. By this trick, we can calculate the overlap of two wavefunctions that live in different (but non-distinct Hilbert subspaces) with different basis representations. This provides the opportunity to use state specific ansatzes to calculate different energy eigenstates under orbital-optimized settings and may improve the accuracy when computing the energies of multiple eigenstates simultaneously in VQE or other framework. It allows for a deeper exploration of complex quantum states and phenomena, expanding the practical applications of quantum computing in physics and chemistry. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Wave functions

Study of Novel Photodetectors and Electronics to Enhance Coincidence Time Resolution of BGO-based PET Detectors

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Study of Novel Photodetectors and Electronics to Enhance Coi...

IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Andrea Gonzalez-Montoro Shirin Pourashraf Joshua W Cates Craig S Levin Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford CA USA Applied Nuclear Physics Program Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Departments of Radiology Molecular Imaging Program Bioengineering Physics and Electrical Engineering Stanford University CA USA

Developing high sensitivity multiparametric medical imaging tools constitutes one of the main research topics in radionuclide *** time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners have shown potential in this context. One of the most attractive solutions that have been proposed to improve the coincidence time resolution (CTR) of TOF-PET scanners includes exploiting the small population of promptly emitted light photons (i.e., Cherenkov photons). Bismuth germanate (BGO) is a legacy detection material for PET which exhibits a moderate Cherenkov yield. which new advancements in ultra-violet (UV) light sensitive photosensor technologies and associated detection techniques can exploit for fast timing. It has been demonstrated that exploiting the BGO–Cherenkov component may simultaneously facilitate high 511 keV photon detection sensitivity with excellent CTR, thus enabling high sensitivity, low cost TOF-PET systems. Accessing the timing information from these Cherenkov photons requires enhanced photodetector technology combined with low noise and fast readout electronics, as well as specific data post-processing *** this summary, we report the CTR evaluation of different length BGO crystals coupled to UV enhanced SiPMs and custom designed electronics. Average CTR values of 156 ± 6, 188 ± 5, 228 ± 8 and 297 ± 8 ps CTR FWHM have been achieved for 3 × 3 × 3, × 5, × 10, and × 15 mm 3 BGO crystal with chemically processed surface finishes.

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Classification of Single Photons in Higher-Order Spatial Modes via Convolutional Neural Networks

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bart, Manon P. Dawanse, Sita Savino, Nicholas J. Tran, Viet Wang, Tianhong Lohani, Sanjaya Nefissi, Farris Bassene, Pascal N'gom, Moussa Glasser, Ryan T. Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Tulane University New OrleansLA70118 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 Eighth St TroyNY12180 United States Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1623 15th St TroyNY12180 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Methodist University DallasTX75205 United States

Spatial modes are a promising candidate for encoding information for classical and quantum optical communication due to their potential high information capacity. Unfortunately, compensation of the wavefront upon propagation through the atmosphere is necessary to benefit from advantages spatial modes offer. In this work, we leverage the success of convolutional networks in denoising and classifying images to improve information transfer of spatial modes. Hermite-Gauss, Laguerre-Gauss, and Ince-Gauss modes are experimentally generated using single photons and imaged. A denoising autoencoder corrects for turbulence effects on the wavefront, followed by a convolutional neural network to classify mode orders. The model achieves a 99.2 % classification accuracy across all modes, and Hermite-Gauss modes exhibited the highest individual mode accuracy. As the convolutional networks rely solely on intensity, they offer an efficient and cost-effective tool for optical communication systems in the single photon limit. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Optical communication

Innovative teaching methods in engineering education: the STEAM-Active project

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Innovative teaching methods in engineering education: the ST...

EAEEIE Annual Conference,

作者： Ane Portillo-Blanco José Gutierrez-Berraondo Lorenzo Trombetti Kristina Zuza Spiros Sirmakessis Alessio Moriconi Edurne Iturbe-Zabalo Linda Barelli Stefano Pasqua Applied Physics Department UPV/EHU Gipuzkoa Donostia-San Sebastian Spain IMH Campus Azkue Auzoa Elgoibar Spain Engineering Department University of Perugia Perugia Italia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Peloponnese Patras Greece E-Learning and Multimedia Services Off University of Perugia Perugia Italia

Technological evolution generates the necessity for innovation in companies. The STEAM-ACTIVE project (KA2-Erasmus+) aims to contribute to higher education innovation to train university students to meet market needs, i.e. to produce meaningful learning, and to develop multiple competencies according to an interdisciplinary approach to solve socio-scientific-technical ***, the STEAM-Active project aims to i) improve engineering teachers ’knowledge and experience using innovative educational methodologies such as STEAM, ii) enhance students ’performance in engineering-related social issues by promoting their ability to integrate different disciplines in solving one problem as well as thinking about the environmental impact their actions have and iii) fight against gender inequality among students and increasing women's participation in engineering students and *** project is aimed at university professors invited to include STEAM methodologies in their classes. Consequently, also engineering degree students will benefit from the STEAM-Active *** a result, a Protocol has been developed for Teachers to illustrate the STEAM project design methodology framework with active teaching methodologies. Moreover, an E-learning-based training course for engineering teachers will be realized, including a theoretical description both, of STEAM approaches and active methodologies’ implementation. As a final result, a collection of STEAM-based Teaching-Learning Sequences (TLS) will be designed. This material will allow teachers to guide students in applying a project-based learning methodology to solve specific challenges with socio-scientific-technological implications including gender and circular economy aspects in a multidisciplinary environment.

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Iterative Adaptive Spectroscopy of Short Signals

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chowdhury, Avishek Le, Anh Tuan Weig, Eva M. Ribeiro, Hugo Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Schellingstr. 4 Munich80799 Germany Department of Physics and Applied Physics University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA01854 United States

We develop an iterative, adaptive frequency sensing protocol based on Ramsey interferometry of a two-level system. Our scheme allows one to estimate unknown frequencies with a high precision from short, finite signals. It avoids several issues related to processing of decaying signals and reduces the experimental overhead related to sampling. High precision is achieved by enhancing the Ramsey sequence to prepare with high fidelity both the sensing and readout state and by using an iterative procedure built to mitigate systematic errors when estimating frequencies from Fourier transforms. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Systematic errors

High threshold codes for neutral atom qubits with biased erasure errors

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sahay, Kaavya Jin, Junlan Claes, Jahan Thompson, Jeff D. Puri, Shruti Yale University Department of Applied Physics New HavenCT06520 United States Yale Quantum Institute Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PrincetonNJ08544 United States

The requirements for fault-tolerant quantum error correction can be simplified by leveraging structure in the noise of the underlying hardware. In this work, we identify a new type of structured noise motivated by neutral atom qubits, biased erasure errors, which arises when qubit errors are dominated by detectable leakage from only one of the computational states of the qubit. We study the performance of this model using gate-level simulations of the XZZX surface code. Using the predicted erasure fraction and bias of metastable 171Yb qubits, we find a threshold of 8.2% for two-qubit gate errors, which is 1.9 times higher than the threshold for unbiased erasures, and 7.5 times higher than the threshold for depolarizing errors. Surprisingly, the improved threshold is achieved without bias-preserving controlled-not gates, and instead results from the lower noise entropy in this model. We also introduce an XZZX cluster state construction for measurement-based error correction, hybrid-fusion, that is optimized for this noise model. By combining fusion operations and deterministic entangling gates, this construction preserves the intrinsic symmetry of the XZZX code, leading to a higher threshold of 10.3% and enabling the use of rectangular codes with fewer qubits. We discuss a potential physical implementation using a single plane of atoms and moveable tweezers. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

Ferroelectric AlBN Films by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Savant, Chandrashekhar Gund, Ved Nomoto, Kazuki Maeda, Takuya Jadhav, Shubham Lee, Joongwon Ramesh, Madhav Kim, Eungkyun Nguyen, Thai-Son Chen, Yu-Hsin Casamento, Joseph Rana, Farhan Lal, Amit Xing, Huili Grace Jena, Debdeep Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Kavli Institute Cornell for Nanoscale Science Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

We report the properties of molecular beam epitaxy deposited AlBN thin films on a recently developed epitaxial nitride metal electrode Nb2N. While a control AlN thin film exhibits standard capacitive behavior, distinct ferroelectric switching is observed in the AlBN films with increasing Boron mole fraction. The measured remnant polarization Pr ∼ 15 µC/cm2 and coercive field Ec ∼ 1.45 MV/cm in these films are smaller than those recently reported on films deposited by sputtering, due to incomplete wake-up, limited by current leakage. Because AlBN preserves the ultrawide energy bandgap of AlN compared to other nitride hi-K dielectrics and ferroelectrics, and it can be epitaxially integrated with GaN and AlN semiconductors, its development will enable several opportunities for unique electronic, photonic, and memory devices. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

Exemplar-Based Radio Map Reconstruction of Missing Areas Using Propagation Priority

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Songyang Yu, Tianhang Tivald, Jonathan Choi, Brian Ouyang, Feng Ding, Zhi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University LaurelMD20723 United States

Radio map describes network coverage and is a practically important tool for network planning in modern wireless systems. Generally, radio strength measurements are collected to construct fine-resolution radio maps for analysis. However, certain protected areas are not accessible for measurement due to physical constraints and security considerations, leading to blanked spaces on a radio map. Non-uniformly spaced measurement and uneven observation resolution make it more difficult for radio map estimation and spectrum planning in protected areas. This work explores the distribution of radio spectrum strengths and proposes an exemplar-based approach to reconstruct missing areas on a radio map. Instead of taking generic image processing approaches, we leverage radio propagation models to determine directions of region filling and develop two different schemes to estimate the missing radio signal power. Our test results based on high-fidelity simulation demonstrate efficacy of the proposed methods for radio map reconstruction. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Image processing