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Windows computer laboratory as a tutorial for undergraduate electromagnetics

computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第3期3卷 183-183页

作者： McCulloch, J. Keddy, W.A. Stuchly, M.A. University of Victoria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada Janet McCulloch:is a native of Toronto Canada where she briefly attended both York University and the University of Toronto before she set off on a year-long adventure through the Middle East and North Africa. When she returned to Canada she relocated to California. She spent a number of years living both in Los Angeles and coastal Northern California interspersed with several extended trips through the United States Mexico and Central America. Ms. McCulloch moved to Victoria British Columbia in 1989 and a year later registered in the cooperative education program in Electrical Engineering at the University of Victoria. She is presently in the fifth and final year of the program and has her sights set on graduate school. Besides the work described in this article she has been very much involved in the use of technology to assist in the delivery of curriculum at the senior secondary level. She lives on a country property a half-hour from the University with her husband her horse and three cats. W. Alfred Keddy:is an applications programmer/analyst for the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Victoria. He received a BEng (1988) in Electrical Engineering and an MASc (1994) from the University of Victoria. His research interests include distributed systems image processing local area networks VLSI and DSP system design for computation and communication and human–computer interface design. Maria A. Stuchly:received an MSc in Electrical Engineering in 1962 from Warsaw Technical University and a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1970. Between the years of 1962 and 1970 she was with the Warsaw Technical University an Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences. After immigrating to Canada during 1970 her first position was with the University of Manitoba. In 1976 she became employed by the Bureau of Radi

Contents and implementation of a computer laboratory for undergraduate electromagnetics are described. The laboratory consists of four 3-hour sessions covering vector calculus, Maxwell's equations (integral and differential forms), wave propagation in materials, and wave behavior at planar interfaces. Each session contains theory (in the Help file), animations (where relevant) and a quiz. The program runs on IBM compatible 486-based PCs in a Windows environment and uses the Borland C ++ 4.0 compiler.

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DESCRIPTION AND PERFORMANCE OF A FIBEROPTIC CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER

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APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 1994年第3期48卷 350-355页

作者： RICHARDSKORTUM, R DURKIN, A ZENG, J Biomedical Engineering Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712

We describe a fiber-optic-based confocal fluorescence spectrometer for obtaining depth-resolved, attenuated fluorescence emission spectra with lateral resolution of several microns and depth resolution of tens of microns. The confocal optics of the spectrometer are small, inexpensive, and easy to construct and to interface to existing spectrometers. We compare the performance of this system to that of conventional fluorescence spectrometers for nonscattering homogeneous and inhomogeneous samples. We demonstrate that the confocal measurements readily provide information about the sample geometry and optical properties not available from nonconfocal measurements. Potential applications of the technique are discussed.

关键词： FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY CONFOCAL FIBER OPTIC

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Imaging of neuromuscular potentials using noninvasive electrode array processing

Imaging of neuromuscular potentials using noninvasive electr...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： R.A. Jesinger V.L. Stonick Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Biomedical Engineering Program Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

Presents a new technique for reconstruction and imaging of volumetric neuromuscular activity using digital signal processing of multichannel surface potential recordings. Magnetic resonance imaging is used to chart anatomical structures and quantify material permittivity within the inhomogenous volume. Array signal processing is used localize neuromuscular action potentials based on the available anatomical and electromyographic measurements. Poisson's equation is then solved using finite element methods coupled with signal processing estimation techniques. This new imaging tool can greatly enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular injuries and disorders by localizing pathological signals within muscle.< >

关键词： Neuromuscular Electrodes Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic materials Array signal processing Image reconstruction Digital signal processing Surface reconstruction Digital magnetic recording Anatomical structure

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Semi-automatic morphological measurements of 2-D and 3-D microvascular images

Semi-automatic morphological measurements of 2-D and 3-D mic...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： F.A. Merchant S.J. Aggarwal K.R. Diller A.C. Bovik Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

The technique of serial optical sectioning by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), in conjunction with off-line digital image analysis, was used to quantize the morphological changes occurring during angiogenesis and revascularization of pancreatic islets transplanted at the renal subcapsular site in rats. The process consisted of in-vivo imaging of the microvasculature which was optically enhanced by the administration of a fluorescent probe into the circulating blood. Serial two-dimensional (2-D) optical sections were obtained through the vascular bed at varying z-intervals in order to perform a computer reconstruction of the complete three-dimensional (3-D) morphology. Image processing algorithms such as gray level thresholding, median filtering, skeletonization, region labeling and template matching were applied to compute the vessel density, lengths and diameters of the neovasculature, and the tortuosity index.< >

关键词： Optical filters Optical microscopy Laser transitions Digital images Image analysis Pancreas Rats Optical imaging Fluorescence Probes

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Reconstruction of dynamic 3-D structures of biological objects using stereo microscopy

Reconstruction of dynamic 3-D structures of biological objec...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Wen-Hung Liao S.J. Aggarwal J.K. Aggarwal Computer and Vision Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

The authors address the analysis of three dimensional shape and shape change in nonrigid biological objects imaged via a stereo light microscope (SLM). Most existing stereo or motion analysis techniques cannot be applied to microscopic biological images because they usually lack salient features. The authors propose an integrated approach for the reconstruction of 3D structures and motion analysis for scenes where only a few informative features are available. The key components of this framework are: (1) image registration, (2) region-of-interest extraction, and (3) stereo and motion analysis using a cooperative spatial and temporal matching process. The authors describe these three stages of processing and illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach using real images of a live frog's ventricle. The reconstructed dynamic 3-D structures of the ventricle are demonstrated in the authors' experimental results.< >

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy Stereo vision Image reconstruction Biology computing computer vision Motion analysis Shape measurement Image analysis Image registration biomedical measurements

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Timing specifications and accuracy of the real-time 3D echocardiographic reconstruction system

Timing specifications and accuracy of the real-time 3D echoc...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： R. Desai J.C. Buckey J.A. Pearce Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA U.T. Southwestern Medical Center Dallas USA

We analyze the performance of the real-time system for 3D reconstruction of cardiac structures from successive 2D B-scan ultrasound images acquired using the Tilt Echo technique, developed by Buckey et al. (1987, 1993). This system is used to evaluate cardiac performance parameters such as stroke volume and ventricular mass. The design of such a real-time system involves consideration of two features, viz. the accuracy of the 3D reconstructions generated by the system, and the timing behavior of the system. We describe the procedure to test the accuracy of the system and present results to demonstrate the accuracy of reconstruction. We analyze the timing behavior of the system based on simulations using Modechart. We verify that the system design satisfies the real-time constraints.< >

关键词： Timing Accuracy Real time systems Image reconstruction Ultrasonic imaging Hardware biomedical engineering biomedical imaging Echocardiography Image analysis

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VALUE-AND-CRITERION FILTERS - A NEW FILTER STRUCTURE-BASED UPON MORPHOLOGICAL OPENING AND CLOSING 4

VALUE-AND-CRITERION FILTERS - A NEW FILTER STRUCTURE-BASED U...

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4TH CONF ON NONLINEAR IMAGE PROCESSING

作者： SCHULZE, MA PEARCE, JA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin 78712 TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)0819411353

In this paper, we introduce the value-and-criterion filter structure and give an example of a filter with the structure. The value-and-criterion filter structure is based on morphological opening (or closing), which is actually two filters applied sequentially: the first assigns values based on the original image values, and the second assigns values based on the results of the first. The value-and-criterion structure is similar, but includes an additional step in parallel to the first that computes a different set of values to use as criteria for selecting a final value. Value-and-criterion filters have a "value" function (ν) and a "criterion" function (C), each operating separately on the original image, and a "selection" operator (S) acting on the output of C The selection operator chooses a location from the output of C, and the output of ν at that point is the output of the overall filter. The value-and-criterion structure allows the use of different linear and nonlinear elements in a single filter, but also provides the shape control of morphological filters. An example of a value-and-criterion filter is the Mean of Least Variance (MLV) filter, which we define to have ν = mean, C = variance, and S = minimum. The MLV filter resembles several earlier edge-preserving smoothing filters, but performs better and is more flexible and more efficient. The MLV filter smooths homogeneous regions and enhances edges, and is therefore useful in segmentation algorithms. We illustrate its response to various image features and compare it to the median filter on different biomedical images. © 1993 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Median filters

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Micromachined, fiber optic pressure sensor for in vivo biomedical applications

Micromachined, fiber optic pressure sensor for in vivo biome...

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Fiber Optic Sensors in Medical Diagnostics 1993

作者： Chan, M. Athena Collins, Scott D. Smith, Rosemary L. BioMedical Engineering Graduate Group Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States

A high sensitivity, batch fabricated, micromachined pressure sensor with interferometric readout is described. The transducer consists of a fiber V-groove, a 45o stationary mirror and a silicon membrane, which are micromachined in two separate silicon wafers by anisotropic etching in KOH solution. The 45° mirror provides a means of directing the light to and from the membrane with a horizontally mounted fiber, which is compatible with etched V-groove fiber alignment and positioning. A Fabry-Perot optical cavity is formed between the end of the fiber and the silicon membrane. The generated optical interference fringes are used to detect and measure the change in membrane deflection. The pressure range of operation and sensitivity are dictated by the thickness, size and material of the membrane and the wavelength of the light source. The sensor described here is designed for implantation in living bone tissue for the detection of necrosis. The ultimate, minimum size for this sensor is dictated by the diameter of one, single mode fiber, e.g. 125 microns. © 1993 Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Membranes

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Functional architecture for a retinal prosthesis

Functional architecture for a retinal prosthesis

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： R.A. Jesinger V.L. Stonick Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Biomedical Engineering Program Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

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A THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS OF THE LIGHT INTERACTION WITH COAGULATED TISSUE 3

A THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS OF THE LIGHT INTERACTION WITH COAGULA...

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CONF ON LASER-TISSUE INTERACTION 3

作者： JERATH, MR WELCH, AJ Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin 78712 TX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)0819407925

During laser treatment, coagulation affects the optical properties of the tissue. In particular, the formation of a white lesion increases the scattering coefficient significantly. This change in the optical properties in turn affects the laser light distribution in the tissue. For example, what is the effect of the white lesion formed during photocoagulation of the retina upon reflection and fluence rate? This problem was simulated on a model medium consisting of a thin absorbing black paint layer covered with a 1cm thick layer of fresh egg white. The egg white layer was subdivided into coagulated (white) and uncoagulated (clear) layers. The optical properties of coagulated and uncoagulated egg white were determined. These values were used to model light distribution in the medium for varying thicknesses of the coagulated egg white layer using the one dimensional Adding Doubling method. Our results show that the fluence reaching the paint layer increases until the coagulated layer reaches 100μm, after which it falls off exponentially. It was also found that the total reflected light increases almost linearly at first as the coagulated layer thickens, and then begins to level off to an R∞ at a coagulation thickness of 2mm. Experimental measurements of reflection from a lesion with a CCD camera confirm the computed trends. These results provide a theoretical foundation for control of lesion thickness using reflectance images.

关键词： Tissue

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