Three-dimensional (3D) bulk fin-typed field effect transistors (FinFETs) have emerged as key devices that can scale down the technology node beyond 22-nm. However, the scaled devices have created new sources of fluctu...
Three-dimensional (3D) bulk fin-typed field effect transistors (FinFETs) have emerged as key devices that can scale down the technology node beyond 22-nm. However, the scaled devices have created new sources of fluctuation inherent in 3D geometry. The interface trap is one such fluctuation that is caused by the trapping and de-trapping of charge carriers and has an adverse effect on device characteristics and variability. In this work, we study impacts of random interface traps (RITs) on electrical characteristic of bulk FinFETs by using a 3D quantum-mechanically corrected device simulation. RIT position effects on short channel effects (SCEs) are examined with physical governed influence to show the major fluctuations. More than 50% reductions of the RITs-induced characteristic fluctuation of the germanium (Ge) devices are observed, compared with Si devices. The Ge ones can reduce SCE variations and exhibit high immunity to RITs.
This working-in-progress paper aims to present a three-dimensional reconstruction using aerial images in different environments. The experiments were conducted with aircraft in both external and internal settings, sta...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781665464543
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665464550
This working-in-progress paper aims to present a three-dimensional reconstruction using aerial images in different environments. The experiments were conducted with aircraft in both external and internal settings, starting with image acquisition, followed by the application of specific photogrammetry software—both commercial and open-source—and concluding with a qualitative evaluation of the results.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is a transformative technology using the passive beamforming capabilities to create the programmable wireless environments. However, the control overhead is a challenging issue...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350351255
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350351262
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is a transformative technology using the passive beamforming capabilities to create the programmable wireless environments. However, the control overhead is a challenging issue. The system needs to deliver the high-precision reflection coefficients to the RIS controller, for adjusting the phase shifts of the numerous RIS elements. Therefore, we propose a Spirograph-based discrete beamdirection strategy, which selects a set of non-uniformly distributed beam directions based on the generic patterns generated by the Spirograph (SG). We evaluate the achievable data rate and the number of controlling bits of SG-based method. We compare the SG-based method, the ideal continuous phase-shift method, and the SISO method. Simulation results show that with the properly-selected discrete beam directions, the SG-based method can achieve a comparable data rate as the ideal method, while having a lower control overhead.
This paper introduces an innovative two-layer control framework for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), tailored to master completely uncertain nonlinear system dynamics in the presence of challenging hydrodynamic ...
详细信息
This paper introduces an innovative two-layer control framework for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), tailored to master completely uncertain nonlinear system dynamics in the presence of challenging hydrodynamic forces and torques. Distinguishing itself from prior studies, which only regarded certain matrix coefficients as unknown while assuming the mass matrix to be known, this research significantly progresses by treating all system dynamics, including the mass matrix, as unknown. This advancement renders the controller fully independent of the robot’s configuration and the diverse environmental conditions encountered. The proposed framework is universally applicable across varied environmental conditions that impact AUVs, featuring a first-layer cooperative estimator and a second-layer decentralized deterministic learning (DDL) controller. This architecture not only supports robust operation under diverse underwater scenarios but also adeptly manages environmental effects such as changes in water viscosity and flow, which influence the AUV’s effective mass and damping dynamics. The first-layer cooperative estimator fosters seamless inter-agent communication by sharing crucial system estimates without the reliance on global information, while the second-layer DDL controller utilizes local feedback to precisely adjust each AUV’s trajectory, ensuring accurate formation control and dynamic adaptability. Furthermore, the capability for local learning and knowledge storage through radial basis function neural networks (RBF NNs) is pivotal, allowing AUVs to efficiently reapply learned dynamics following system restarts. Comprehensive simulations validate the effectiveness of our groundbreaking framework, highlighting its role as a major enhancement in the field of distributed adaptive control systems for AUVs. This approach not only bolsters operational flexibility and resilience but is also essential for navigating the unpredictable dynamics of marine environments
An accurate predictive model of temperature and humidity plays a vital role in many industrial processes that utilize a closed space such as in agriculture and building management. With the exceptional performance of ...
详细信息
An accurate predictive model of temperature and humidity plays a vital role in many industrial processes that utilize a closed space such as in agriculture and building management. With the exceptional performance of deep learning on time-series data, developing a predictive temperature and humidity model with deep learning is propitious. In this study, we demonstrated that deep learning models with multivariate time-series data produce remarkable performance for temperature and relative humidity prediction in a closed space. In detail, all deep learning models that we developed in this study achieve almost perfect performance with an R value over 0.99.
Background:Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is a recognized sign of disease in heart failure progression. Intact blood vessels exhibit abnormal vasoreactivity in early stage, subsequently deteriorating to rarefaction a...
详细信息
Background:Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is a recognized sign of disease in heart failure progression. Intact blood vessels exhibit abnormal vasoreactivity in early stage, subsequently deteriorating to rarefaction and reduced perfusion. In managing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), earlier diagnosis is key to improving management. In this study, we applied a steady-state blood-pool magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method to investigate if it can sensitively detect abnormal leg muscle vasoreactivity, a sign of MVD, posited to manifest before structural and functional cardiac changes emerge in a diabetes model of HFpEF.
Methods:Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on either a high-fat, high-sugar diet or a control diet for 6 months after the induction of diabetes ( = 5 per group). Beginning at month 1 or 2 post-diabetes and every 2 months thereafter, rats underwent steady-state blood-pool MRI to assess vasoreactivity in the heart or skeletal muscle, respectively. A T1-reducing blood-pool agent was administered and the T1 relaxation time dynamically measured as animals breathed in elevated CO levels to modulate vessels.
Results:In male rats, the normally unresponsive heart to 10% CO revealed a pro-vasoconstriction response beginning at 5 months post-diabetes. Abnormal leg skeletal muscle vasoreactivity appeared even earlier, at 2 months: the usual vasodilatory response to 5% CO was interrupted with periods of vasoconstriction in diseased rats. In female rats, differences were observed between healthy and diseased animals only in the first 2 months post-diabetes and not later. In the heart, vasodilation to 10% CO seen in healthy females was abolished in diabetic females. In skeletal muscle, 5% CO was suboptimal in inducing reproducible vasoreactivity, but young diabetic females responded by vasodilation only.
Conclusions:Abnormal vasoreactivity presented earlier than overt functional changes in both heart and skeletal muscle in dia
Dear Editor Aberrant gene expression sustains massive proliferation and stress adaptation under the regulation of oncogenic transcription factors(TFs)whose binding across the genome orchestrates in space and time *** ...
详细信息
Dear Editor Aberrant gene expression sustains massive proliferation and stress adaptation under the regulation of oncogenic transcription factors(TFs)whose binding across the genome orchestrates in space and time *** dependency defines the addiction of cancer cells to TFs on top of the regulatory hierarchy governing cancer dysregulated programs[1].These factors and their dependent mechanisms are an attractive and unexplored reservoir of potential targets for new anticancer ***,while the transcriptional landscape of many cancer-supportive TFs has been revealed,this information remains purely descriptive and confined to in vitro *** foster transferability,new approaches that integrate clinical data into the transcriptional networks are needed.
Objective: In Taiwan, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children declined after the catch-up primary vaccination programs and the full national immunization program (NIP) with PCV13. The objectiv...
详细信息
Despite advances in modern microelectrode technologies, designing high-density flexible microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for small insect brains remains challenging, especially when aiming for dense microelectrode configu...
Despite advances in modern microelectrode technologies, designing high-density flexible microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for small insect brains remains challenging, especially when aiming for dense microelectrode configurations on flexible substrates in restricted areas (e.g., 250×100 μm 2 ). To overcome these challenges, we developed a novel dual-sided design that doubles the channel count and density of MEAs within the same spatial footprint in comparison with the single-sided counterparts. A unique folding-annealing method is introduced to craft Parylene-based flexible dual-sided density MEAs. These MEAs, with overall dimensions of 20 μm in thickness and 120-230 μm in width, are specifically tailored for the locust antenna lobe, which is the central odor processing circuitry in insects. The efficacy of the dual-sided MEA for neurophysiological sensing of odors was validated in vivo using a neural circuitry (antennal lobe) of the locust brain.
Current methods for quantifying osteoarthritis severity have limited resolution and accessibility. Patient-recorded outcome measures such as the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) capture symptom seve...
Current methods for quantifying osteoarthritis severity have limited resolution and accessibility. Patient-recorded outcome measures such as the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) capture symptom severity, but are subjectively reported and have little correlation with quantifiable metrics of disease such as Kellgren-Lawrence x-ray grade or MRI findings. Knee acoustic emissions (KAEs) offer a convenient, noninvasive option for quantifying joint health. Here, we use machine learning and wearable design to create an interpretable two-stage algorithm for combining KAEs and KOOS scores into an objective, more accessible method of quantifying disease severity. Our algorithm successfully discriminated between early and late-stage osteoarthritis (balanced accuracy = 85%, ROC-AUC = 0.88). The addition of KAEs improved classification of osteoarthritis severity over the use of KAEs (balanced accuracy = 53%, ROC-AUC = 0.786) or KOOS scores alone (balanced accuracy = 63%, ROC-AUC = 0.593). The findings suggest that KAEs combined with patient-recorded metrics can be used to make a more objective and accessible metric for digitally monitoring knee joint health.
暂无评论