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arXiv 2024年

作者： Samaha, Anna-Christina Doumani, Jacques Kritzell, T. Elijah Xu, Hongjing Baydin, Andrey Ajayan, Pulickel M. Tahchi, Mario El Kono, Junichiro Laboratory of Biomaterials and Intelligent Materials Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences 2 Lebanese University P.O. Box 90656 Jdeidet Lebanon Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Carbon Hub Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States

Graphene-based terahertz (THz) devices have emerged as promising platforms for a variety of applications, leveraging graphene’s unique optoelectronic properties. This review explores recent advancements in utilizing graphene in THz technology, focusing on two main aspects: THz molecular sensing and THz wave modulation. In molecular sensing, the environment-sensitive THz transmission and emission properties of graphene are utilized for enabling molecular adsorption detection and biomolecular sensing. This capability holds significant potential, from the detection of pesticides to DNA at high sensitivity and selectivity. In THz wave modulation, crucial for next-generation wireless communication systems, graphene demonstrates remarkable potential in absorption modulation when gated. Novel device structures, spectroscopic systems, and metasurface architectures have enabled enhanced absorption and wave modulation. Furthermore, techniques such as spatial phase modulation and polarization manipulation have been explored. From sensing to communication, graphene-based THz devices present a wide array of opportunities for future research and development. Finally, advancements in sensing techniques not only enhance biomolecular analysis but also contribute to optimizing graphene’s properties for communication by enabling efficient modulation of electromagnetic waves. Conversely, developments in communication strategies inform and enhance sensing capabilities, establishing a mutually beneficial relationship. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Graphene

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Cavity-mediated superthermal phonon correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kim, Dasom Hou, Jin Lee, Geon Agrawal, Ayush Kim, Sunghwan Zhang, Hao Bao, Di Baydin, Andrey Wu, Wenjing Tay, Fuyang Huang, Shengxi Chia, Elbert E.M. Kim, Dai-Sik Seo, Minah Mohite, Aditya D. Hagenmüller, David Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston77005 United States Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States KU–KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg67200 France Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Phonons, or vibrational quanta, are behind some of the most fundamental physical phenomena in solids, including superconductivity, Raman processes, and broken-symmetry phases. It is therefore of fundamental importance to find ways to harness phonons for controlling these phenomena and developing novel quantum technologies. However, the majority of current phonon control techniques rely on the use of intense external driving fields or strong anharmonicities, which restricts their range of applications. Here, we present a scheme for controlling the intensity fluctuations in phonon emission at room temperature based on multimode ultrastrong light–matter coupling. The multimode ultrastrong coupling regime is achieved by coupling two optical phonon modes in lead halide perovskites to an array of nanoslots, which operates as a single-mode cavity. The extremely small mode volume of the nanoslots enables unprecedented coupling strengths in a cavity phonon-polariton system. In the far-detuned, low-cavity-frequency regime, we demonstrate that the nanoslot resonator mediates an effective coupling between the phonon modes, resulting in superthermal phonon bunching in thermal equilibrium, both within the same mode and between different modes. Experimental results are in good agreement with a multimode Hopfield model. Our work paves the way for the tailoring of phonons to modify charge and energy transport in perovskite materials, with potential applications in light-collecting or emitting devices. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite

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Wind energy electret-based electrostatic harvester 21

Wind energy electret-based electrostatic harvester

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21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE 2019 ECCE Europe

作者： Coronado, Daniel Augusto Castellanos Romano, Emanuele Dallago, Enrico Juan de Castellanos University Foundation School of Engineering and Basic Sciences Research Group in Science Innovation and Technology Electronic Engineering Program Tunja Colombia University of Pavia Power Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Pavia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789075815313

In this paper an electret-based electrostatic induction wind harvester is presented. The induction electrostatic field is produced with an electret. It is described how the electret and the harvester prototype have been obtained. A complete electrical characterization of the harvester and experimental results are then reported. © 2019 EPE Association.

关键词： Wind power

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Ubiquitous Flat Bands in a Cr-based Kagome Superconductor

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Yucheng Wang, Zehao Xie, Fang Huang, Yuefei Gao, Bin Oh, Ji Seop Wu, Han Liu, Zhaoyu Ren, Zheng Fang, Yuan Biswas, Ananya Zhang, Yichen Yue, Ziqin Hu, Cheng Jozwiak, Chris Bostwick, Aaron Rotenberg, Eli Hashimoto, Makoto Lu, Donghui Kono, Junichiro Chu, Jiun-Haw Yakobson, Boris I. Birgeneau, Robert J. Si, Qimiao Dai, Pengcheng Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of Washington Washington98105 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

In the quest for novel quantum states driven by topology and correlation, kagome lattice materials have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive electronic band structures, featuring flat bands (FBs) arising from the quantum destructive interference of the electronic wave function. The tuning of the FBs to the chemical potential would lead to the possibility of liberating electronic instabilities that lead to emergent electronic orders. Despite extensive studies, direct evidence of FBs tuned to the chemical potential and their participation in emergent electronic orders have been lacking in bulk quantum materials. Here using a combination of Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) and Density Functional Theory (DFT), we reveal that the low-energy electronic structure of the recently discovered Cr-based kagome metal superconductor CsCr3Sb5 is dominated by a pervasive FB in close proximity to, and below the Fermi level. A comparative analysis with orbital-projected DFT and polarization dependence measurement uncovers that an orbital-selective renormalization mechanism is needed to reconcile the discrepancy with the DFT calculations, which predict the FB to appear 200 meV above the Fermi level. Furthermore, we observe the FB to shift away from the Fermi level by 20 meV in the low-temperature density wave-ordered phase, highlighting the role of the FB in the emergent electronic order. Our results reveal CsCr3Sb5 to stand out as a promising platform for further exploration into the effects of FBs near the Fermi level on kagome lattices, and their role in emergent orders in bulk quantum materials. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Towards long-tailed, multi-label disease classification from chest X-ray: Overview of the CXR-LT challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Holste, Gregory Zhou, Yiliang Wang, Song Jaiswal, Ajay Lin, Mingquan Zhuge, Sherry Yang, Yuzhe Kim, Dongkyun Nguyen-Mau, Trong-Hieu Tran, Minh-Triet Jeong, Jaehyup Park, Wongi Ryu, Jongbin Hong, Feng Verma, Arsh Yamagishi, Yosuke Kim, Changhyun Seo, Hyeryeong Kang, Myungjoo Celi, Leo Anthony Lu, Zhiyong Summers, Ronald M. Shih, George Wang, Zhangyang Peng, Yifan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Population Health Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New YorkNY10065 United States School of Information Systems Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachussetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States University of Science VNU-HCM Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam KT Research & Development Center KT Corporation Seoul06763 Korea Republic of Department of Software and Computer Engineering Ajou University Suwon16499 Korea Republic of Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Wadhwani Institute for Artificial Intelligence Mumbai400079 India Division of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan BioMedical AI Team AIX Future R&D Center SK Telecom Seoul04539 Korea Republic of Seoul National University Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Mathematical Sciences Seoul National University Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Laboratory for Computational Physiology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMA02215 United States Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA02115 United States National Center for Biotechnology Information National Library of Medicine BethesdaMD20894 United States Clinical Center National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD20892 United States Department of Radiology Weill Cornell Medicine New YorkNY10065 United States

Many real-world image recognition problems, such as diagnostic medical imaging exams, are "long-tailed" – there are a few common findings followed by many more relatively rare conditions. In chest radiography, diagnosis is both a long-tailed and multi-label problem, as patients often present with multiple findings simultaneously. While researchers have begun to study the problem of long-tailed learning in medical image recognition, few have studied the interaction of label imbalance and label co-occurrence posed by long-tailed, multi-label disease classification. To engage with the research community on this emerging topic, we conducted an open challenge, CXR-LT, on long-tailed, multi-label thorax disease classification from chest X-rays (CXRs). We publicly release a large-scale benchmark dataset of over 350,000 CXRs, each labeled with at least one of 26 clinical findings following a long-tailed distribution. We synthesize common themes of top-performing solutions, providing practical recommendations for long-tailed, multi-label medical image classification. Finally, we use these insights to propose a path forward involving vision-language foundation models for few- and zero-shot disease classification. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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Numerical solution and linear stability analysis of fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (2+1) dimensions based on Newton-Raphson method

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3082卷

作者： Harish A. Mardi Marwan Ramli Nasaruddin Nasaruddin Said Munzir Muhammad Ikhwan Mathematics Graduate Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia. Department of Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia.

The Fractional Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (FNLS) is an equation that is generally used to describe the interaction of boson particles in the trap potential. This paper discusses the stability of the stationary solution of the FNLS (2+1) dimensional equation using the Newton-Raphson method as a method for determining the stationary solution. The stability of the stationary solution of the FNLS is determined by analyzing the distribution of real-part and imaginary-part of eigenvalues listed on the complex plane. The results obtained in this study are found that the solution to the 1-dimensional FNLS is a stable system. This solution is obtained by analyzing the distribution of eigenvalues in the complex plane, where in the solution to the 1-dimensional FNLS there are only imaginary-part eigenvalues without any real-part eigenvalues. Unlike the case with the solution of the 2-dimensional FNLS equation, the eigenvalues obtained have a real-part of eigenvalues. These eigenvalues represent that the solution to the 2-dimensional FNLS equation is an unstable system. It is an indicator that the soliton which is the solution of the FNLS equation for the 2-dimensional case will be damaged for a certain time.

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Macroscopically Self-Aligned and Chiralized Carbon Nanotubes: From Filtration to Innovation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Doumani, Jacques Zahn, Keshav Yu, Shengjie Barrios, Gustavo Rodriguez Sasmal, Somesh Kikuchi, Rikuta Kritzell, T. Elijah Xu, Hongjing Baydin, Andrey Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Carbon Hub Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States

Because of their natural one-dimensional (1D) structure combined with intricate chiral variations, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit various exceptional physical properties, such as ultrahigh electrical and thermal conductivity, exceptional mechanical strength, and chirality-dependent metallicity. These properties make CNTs highly promising for diverse applications, including field-effect transistors, sensors, photodetectors, and thermoelectric devices. While CNTs excel individually at the nanoscale, their 1D and chiral nature can be lost on a macroscopic scale when they are randomly assembled. Therefore, the alignment and organization of CNTs in macroscopic structures is crucial for harnessing their full potential. In this review, we explore recent advancements in understanding CNT alignment mechanisms, improving CNT aligning methods, and demonstrating macroscopically 1D properties of ordered CNT assemblies. We also focus on a newly discovered class of CNT architectures, combining CNT alignment and twisting mechanisms to create artificial radial and chiral CNT films at wafer scales. Finally, we summarize recent developments related to aligned and chiral CNT films in optoelectronics, highlighting their unique roles in solar cells, thermal emitters, and optical modulators. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Non-linear optics at twist interfaces in h-BN/SiC heterostructures

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Xu, Rui Alvarez, Gustavo A. Zhang, Jin Christiansen-Salameh, Joyce Puthirath, Anand B. Burns, Kory Hachtel, Jordan A. Li, Tao Iyengar, Sathvik Ajay Gray, Tia Li, Chenxi Zhang, Xiang Kannan, Harikishan Elkins, Jacob Pieshkov, Tymofii S. Vajtai, Robert Birdwell, A. Glen Neupane, Mahesh R. Garratt, Elias J. Ivanov, Tony Pate, Bradford B. Zhao, Yuji Zhu, Hanyu Tian, Zhiting Rubio, Angel Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Germany Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory RF Devices and Circuits AdelphiMD20783 United States Chemistry Division Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDC20375 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States

Understanding the emergent electronic structure in twisted atomically thin layers has led to the exciting field of twistronics. However, practical applications of such systems are challenging since the specific angular correlations between the layers must be precisely controlled and the layers have to be single crystalline with uniform atomic ordering. Here, we suggest an alternative, simple and scalable approach where nanocrystalline two-dimensional (2D) film on three-dimensional (3D) substrates yield twisted-interface-dependent properties. Ultrawidebandgap hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin films are directly grown on high in-plane lattice mismatched wide-bandgap silicon carbide (4H-SiC) substrates to explore the twist-dependent structure-property correlations. Concurrently, nanocrystalline h-BN thin film shows strong nonlinear second-harmonic generation and ultra-low cross-plane thermal conductivity at room temperature, which are attributed to the twisted domain edges between van der Waals stacked nanocrystals with random in-plane orientations. First-principles calculations based on time-dependent density functional theory manifest strong even-order optical nonlinearity in twisted h-BN layers. Our work unveils that directly deposited 2D nanocrystalline thin film on 3D substrates could provide easily accessible twist-interfaces, therefore enabling a simple and scalable approach to utilize the 2D-twistronics integrated in 3D material devices for next-generation nanotechnology. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Harmonic generation

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Rayleigh scattering-based distributed sensing in multicore optical fibers for shape reconstruction in multiplanar disturbance

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Measurement 2025年 256卷

作者： Leandro Macedo Anselmo Frizera Jan Nedoma Radek Martinek Carlos Marques Arnaldo Leal-junior Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering of the Federal University of Espírito Santo Av. Fernando Ferrari 514 - Goiabeiras Vitória 29075-910 Espírito Santo Brazil Department of Telecommunications Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VSB—Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15 70833 Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering VSB—Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15 70833 Ostrava Czech Republic CICECO University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal

In recent years, advancements in smart cities and multifunctional monitoring have driven new demands for shape reconstruction devices. Multicore fibers (MCFs) are increasingly used due to their parallel data transmission capabilities and multiparameter sensing potential. This paper presents a Rayleigh-scattering-based distributed sensing approach with MCFs for shape reconstruction under multiplanar disturbances. Optical Frequency-Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) is utilized to analyze four cores in a seven-core fiber, enabling shape reconstruction through cross-correlation of spectral responses relative to an unstrained reference. Two configurations are compared: Configuration 1, a spatially separated core arrangement enabling independent strain independent strain measurements to be analyzed with a Frenet-Serret frame modeling and Random Forest (RF) algorithms, achieving a high accuracy with a maximum error of 8.72 × 10 −3 cm; and Configuration 2, a simplified approach analyzing all cores in the same OFDR channel, yielding a higher error of 0.27 cm when a RF algorithm was fed with features derived from the Rayleigh backscattered signal (loss amplitude, strain, spectral shift, and s- and p-polarization) measured by an optical backscatter reflectometer. Three protocols—pure bending, pure torsion, and combined bending/torsion—validate these configurations. The results emphasize this multifunctional MCF-based sensor system’s potential for flexible, integrated shape reconstruction solutions.

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Analysis of Negative Capacitance MOSFETs Characteristic with Spacer

Analysis of Negative Capacitance MOSFETs Characteristic with...

引用

International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications

作者： Yu-Chun Lee Sekhar Reddy Kola Chieh-Yang Chen Min-Hui Chuang Yiming Li Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Institute of Biomedical Engineering EECS International Graduate Program Institute of Communications Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Center for mmWave Smart Radar System and Technologies National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781728142326

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142333

In this work, our study comprises of design and investigation on negative capacitance (NC), metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field effects transistors (MOSFETs) with spacer and source/drain (S/D) overlap engineering. The scope of the work is to boost the performance and high-energy efficiency of the studied NC-MOSFETs by using the ferro electric material (FE). The NC-MOSFETs with the spacer technology can achieve the admirable I on /I off ratio and subthreshold swing (SS), compared with planar MOSFETs. It makes device scaling possible by eliminating the short channel effect (SCE). We further estimated the effect of FE thickness and spacer, which are another critical parameter of obtaining better electrical characteristics and reducing SS.

关键词： Capacitance Iron Semiconductor device modeling MOSFET Integrated circuit modeling Mathematical model Ferroelectric materials

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