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International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves

作者： R. Adam C. Greb D. E. Bürgler D. Cao S. Heidtfeld F. Wang J. Cheng D. Chakraborty I. Komissarov H. Hardtdegen M. Mikulics M. Büscher C. M. Schneider Roman Sobolewski Research Centre Jülich Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) Jülich Germany Institut für Laser- und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany College of Physics Center for Marine Observation and Communications Qingdao University Qingdao China Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Research Centre Jülich Ernst Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Jülich Germany Faculty of Physics University Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany Department of Physics University of California Davis Davis California USA

We explored THz emission from $\mathrm{Si}^{2} / \mathrm{SiO}_{2} / / \mathrm{Ta} / \mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{Ru} /$ $\mathrm{Ni} / \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ spintronic emitters. We tuned magnetization alignment of Fe and Ni layers by varying the interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) strength using a range of Ru layer thickness t. Depending on IEC strength, magnetization hysteresis shows either ferromagnetic $(t=1.1 \mathrm{~nm}, 1.5 \mathrm{~nm})$, antiferromagnetic $(t=1.3 \mathrm{~nm})$ or canted $(t=1.7 \mathrm{~nm}, 1.9 \mathrm{~nm})$ relative alignment. Competition between IEC and an external magnetic field results in a dramatic difference in THz emission from the ferromagnetically (FM) and anti-ferromagnetically (AFM) coupled structures. The resulting THz emission from IEC structures is a result of an interference of THz transiens generated by the individual $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{Ru}$ and $\mathrm{Ru} / \mathrm{Ni}$ emitters.

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Quantification of lung function on CT images based on pulmonary radiomic filtering

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Zhenyu Lafata, Kyle J. Chen, Xinru Bowsher, James Chang, Yushi Wang, Chunhao Yin, Fang-Fang Deparment of Radiation Oncology Duke University DurhamNC27710 United States Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke Kunshan University Kunshan Jiangsu 215316 China Department of Radiology Duke University DurhamNC27710 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27710 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC27710 United States

Purpose: To develop a radiomics filtering technique for characterizing spatial-encoded regional pulmonary ventilation information on lung CT. Methods: The lung volume was segmented on 46 CT images, and a 3D sliding window kernel was implemented across the lung volume to capture the spatial-encoded image information. Fifty-three radiomic features were extracted within the kernel, resulting in a 4th order tensor object. As such, each voxel coordinate of the original lung was represented as a 53-dimensional feature vector, such that radiomic features could be viewed as feature maps within the lungs. To test the technique as a potential pulmonary ventilation biomarker, the radiomic feature maps were compared to paired functional images (Galligas PET or DTPA-SPECT) based on Spearman correlation (ρ) analysis. Results: The radiomic feature map GLRLM-based Run-Length Non-Uniformity and GLCOM-based Sum Average are found to be highly correlated with the functional imaging. The achieved ρ (median [range]) for the two features are 0.46 [0.05, 0.67] and 0.45 [0.21, 0.65] across 46 patients and 2 functional imaging modalities, respectively. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that local regions of sparsely encoded heterogeneous lung parenchyma on CT are associated with diminished radiotracer uptake and measured lung ventilation defects on PET/SPECT imaging. These findings demonstrate the potential of radiomics to serve as a complementary tool to the current lung quantification techniques and provide hypothesis-generating data for future studies. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biological organs

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Double-slit interference with a caliper

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Physics Education 2020年第4期55卷

作者： Wendt, Natália Carolina Schvan Sanas Zamboni, Rodrigo Muller, Marcia Fabris, José Luís Department of Physics Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil

The implementation of a simple double-slit for light interference experiments by using just three off-the-shelf, non-optical components is described. Thanks to the simplicity of the assemblage, the distance between the slits and slit width can be easily modified. The device can be used in teaching laboratories for quantitative experiments, as well as in demonstration classes. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： double-slit light interference single-slit

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Two-Step Electronic Response to Magnetic Ordering in a van der Waals Ferromagnet

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Han Zhu, Jian-Xin Chen, Lebing Butcher, Matthew W. Yue, Ziqin Yuan, Dongsheng He, Yu Oh, Ji Seop Huang, Jianwei Wu, Shan Gong, Cheng Guo, Yucheng Mo, Sung-Kwan Denlinger, Jonathan D. Lu, Donghui Hashimoto, Makoto Stone, Matthew B. Kolesnikov, Alexander I. Chi, Songxue Kono, Junichiro Nevidomskyy, Andriy H. Birgeneau, Robert J. Dai, Pengcheng Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States 1-1 Namiki Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States

The two-dimensional (2D) material Cr2Ge2Te6 is a member of the class of insulating van der Waals magnets. Here, using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in a detailed temperature dependence study, we identify a clear response of the electronic structure to a dimensional crossover in the form of two distinct temperature scales marking onsets of modifications in the electronic structure. Specifically, we observe Te p-orbital-dominated bands to undergo changes at the Curie transition temperature TC while the Cr d-orbital-dominated bands begin evolving at a higher temperature scale. Combined with neutron scattering, density functional theory calculations, and Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the electronic system can be consistently understood to respond sequentially to the distinct temperatures at which in-plane and out-of-plane spin correlations exceed a characteristic length scale. Our findings reveal the sensitivity of the orbital-selective electronic structure for probing the dynamical evolution of local moment correlations in vdW insulating magnets. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Electronic structure

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Robust Multiplexing with Topolectrical Higher-Order Chern Insulators

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Physical Review Applied 2020年第6期13卷 064031-064031页

作者： Xiang Ni Zhicheng Xiao Alexander B. Khanikaev Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78703 USA Department of Electrical Engineering Grove School of Engineering City College of the City University of New York 140th Street and Convent Avenue New York New York 10031 USA

We explore an implementation of a higher-order Chern insulator in a topolectrical circuit as a platform to implement robust signal multiplexing. By utilizing basic circuit layouts that realize the required complex hopping between neighboring lattice sites, we demonstrate different topological phases in a three-dimensional topolectrical circuit, including a Wannier-based Chern insulator and a crystalline topological phase. The topological chiral hinge states supported by the circuit are nonreciprocal and avoid propagation to the hinge opposite the excitation. Such an unusual response can be explained in terms of a synthetic gauge field of the circuit lattice, enabling multiplexing inherently robust to defects.

关键词： Chern insulators Edge states Metamaterials Devices Topological materials PT-symmetry

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Management of extra-articular manifestations in spondyloarthritis

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International journal of rheumatic diseases 2023年第2期26卷 183-186页

作者： Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma Yung-Heng Lee Chia-Jen Lin Po-Cheng Shih James Cheng-Chung Wei Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA. Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Dermatology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA. Department of Orthopedics Cishan Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare Kaohsiung Taiwan. Institute of Medical Science and Technology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan. Department of Senior Services Industry Management Minghsin University of Science and Technology Hsinchu Taiwan. Department of Recreation and Sport Management Shu-Te University Kaohsiung Taiwan. School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan. Division of Allergy Immunology & Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan. Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan. Division of Allergy Immunology & Rheumatology Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan.

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Fault Prognostics of Rolling Bearings Using a Hybrid Approach ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 4082-4087页

作者： Murilo Osorio Camargos Iury Bessa Marcos Flávio Silveira Vasconcelos D’Angelo Reinaldo Martinez Palhares Federal University of Minas Gerais - Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Brazil Federal University of Amazonas Department of Electricity Manaus Brazil Departament of Computer Science - Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros - Av. Rui Braga s/n Vila Mauricéia 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil Federal University of Minas Gerais - Department of Electronics Engineering Brazil

This paper presents a two-phase hybrid prognostics approach; in the first phase, the model’s parameters are estimated using available training data in the least squares sense using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The second phase consists of using a particle filter to update the knowledge acquired so far and to predict future states of the system using in the Bayesian sense. The approach is used for an accelerated ball bearing data set, the PRONOSTIA platform, where a general fractional polynomial model is proposed as degradation model. The results of the Remaining Useful Life estimation are compared with another work in the literature, indicating its suitability and competitiveness for prognostics in this data set.

关键词： Prognostics health management remaining useful life particle filter hybrid prognostics accelerated ball bearings

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Nonreciprocal photonic topological order driven by uniform optical pumping

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Physical Review B 2020年第10期102卷 100303(R)-100303(R)页

作者： Robert Duggan Sander A. Mann Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative CUNY Advanced Science Research Center New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10026 USA

Photonic topological insulators (PTIs) have raised significant interest in recent years, in part because of their protected edge propagation. Most PTI realizations have been based on reciprocal platforms, with protection only from symmetry-preserving defects. Nonreciprocal PTIs protect against arbitrary disorder, but their implementation requires breaking reciprocity either through a magnetic bias or complex spatiotemporal modulation schemes. Here, we demonstrate that nonreciprocal topological protection can be achieved by optically pumping a nonlinear photonic crystal with a uniform bias field, drastically simplifying the implementation of quantum-Hall-like topological protection in silicon-compatible platforms for classical and quantum optics.

关键词： Metamaterials Nonlinear optics Topological insulators

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Chern-Protected Flatband Edge State in Metaphotonics

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第22期134卷 223806-223806页

作者： Jianfeng Chen Yidong Zheng Shuihua Yang Andrea Alù Zhi-Yuan Li Cheng-Wei Qiu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA

Two-dimensional Dirac semimetals feature flatband edge states but a zero Chern number, while Chern insulators support one-way edge states associated with a nonzero Chern number. Here, we demonstrate a two-dimensional photonic crystal combining the response of a semimetal and of a Chern insulator, termed a Chern semimetal. This photonic semimetal is characterized by a nonzero Chern number, simultaneously hosting both a flatband edge state and a one-way edge state. We experimentally realize such a photonic Chern semimetal using a gyromagnetic photonic crystal with programmable magnetic bias, tailoring its second-neighbor coupling within each sublattice. We also verify the ability to control over the light speed while preserving topological protection. Our findings open new avenues toward exploring topological phases and their applications across fermionic and bosonic systems, providing an exciting platform for nanophotonic applications and a playground for topological physics discoveries.

关键词： Nanophotonics

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Noncontact monitoring of the peripheral microcirculation using laser speckle contrast imaging to evaluate the skin perfusion pressure

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Results in engineering 2025年 26卷

作者： Meng-Che Hsieh Rou-Zheng Lai Ching-Han Hsu Yan-Ren Lin Pei-You Hsieh Congo Tak Shing Ching Lun-De Liao Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Zhunan Town Miaoli County 350 Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Road South District Taichung City 402 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Road South District Taichung City 402 Taiwan School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University 110 Section 1 Jianguo North Road Taichung City 402 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Road South District Taichung City 402 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chi Nan University Puli Township 54561 Taiwan International Doctoral Program in Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung 402 Taiwan

The skin perfusion pressure (SPP) is traditionally measured with laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), but this technique is limited by its single-point fiber optic probe, the need to contact the skin, and susceptibility to various factors, resulting in poor data consistency. Therefore, we developed a noncontact system for measuring the SPP over a large area based on laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). When it was paired with a pressure cuff device, the system accurately recorded blood flow changes during various pressure interventions, and the reperfusion pressure point could be calibrated to overcome traditional measurement limitations. Cross-comparison experiments revealed that the measurements obtained with the LSCI and LDF systems were highly correlated (r > 0.7), confirming the reliability of LSCI in assessing microcirculatory function. Since supine measurements are not always suitable in clinical environments, such as in space-constrained clinics or when the patient cannot lie flat, we compared SPP measurements obtained from individuals in sitting versus supine positions, revealing minimal differences (Cohen's d = 0.1, p > 0.05), which demonstrates the system's stability over different patient postures. Under cold water stimulation, which induces microvascular contraction, simulating poor circulation, the measured SPP was significantly lower than that measured under normal conditions (Cohen's d = 2.6, p < 0.05), verifying the system's potential applicability under different pathological conditions. According to our results, the LSCI system not only obtains SPP measurements that are correlated with the LDF-measured SPP but also overcomes the limitations of the latter system, providing noncontact, instant, and large-scale microcirculation monitoring. This study offers a reliable microcirculatory assessment tool based on LSCI technology, and the results support the future application of this tool in the early diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic foot neuropathy and

关键词： Laser speckle contrast imaging Skin perfusion pressure Laser doppler flowmetry Microcirculation Noninvasive measurement

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