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Optimal control of electric automated buses in intercity lines: scenario-based analysis of the Pareto-optimal solutions

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第10期58卷 37-42页

作者： C. Pasquale S. Sacone S. Siri A. Ferrara Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genova Italy Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Italy

This paper deals with the optimal control of electric and automated buses that have to follow an intercity line, where some stops are equipped with a flash-charging infrastructure to charge the batteries, while others are not. In order to control these buses, it is necessary to account for the traffic conditions along the roads of the bus line, and to minimize two objectives related to the deviations from the bus timetable and the lack of energy, at the end of the bus trip, with respect to a desired final energy level. The resulting optimal control problem is a multi-objective linear quadratic problem with both continuous and integer variables. In this paper, we propose and apply two methods based on lexicographic ordering aimed at determining the Pareto-optimal solutions of the control problem in twelve scenarios inspired by a real case.

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Multi-robot Map Exploration Based on Multiple Rapidly-Exploring Randomized Trees

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SN computer Science 2024年第1期5卷 1-20页

作者： Mukhopadhyay, Shayok Umari, Hassan Koirala, Koshish Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Department University of New Haven 300 Boston Post Rd West Haven 06516 CT United States Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Mechatronics Engineering graduate program American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates

A map is necessary for tasks such as path planning or localization, which are common to mobile robot navigation. However, a map may be unavailable if the environment in which a robot navigates is unknown. Creating a map requires an exploration algorithm. Such algorithms guide robots to boundaries that separate known portions of a map from the unknown portions. Such boundaries are known as frontiers. There are image processing-based algorithms that detect frontiers. The authors’ previous work uses two, i.e., local and global, rapidly exploring random trees (RRTs) for two-dimensional exploration using a single robot. The present work applies the above to a multiagent system with three robots. A market-based strategy is used to allocate exploration tasks to the robots. Results show that the developed exploration strategy successfully explores a map in a reasonable amount of time compared to image processing-based approaches, and also reduces the map exploration cost. This strategy is readily usable for three-dimensional exploration with drones. It is also shown that the usage of a local frontier detector along with a global frontier detector helps reduce exploration time compared to simply using a global frontier detector alone. As an outline to future work, the paper also shows an extension of the proposed approach towards three-dimensional mapping using a single robot. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Exploration Mapping Multi-agent Navigation ROS RRT

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Electric Vehicle Range Prediction using Random Forest Regression 8

Electric Vehicle Range Prediction using Random Forest Regres...

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8th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2024

作者： Sagar, B.S. Rajasekaran, Mothiram Sakthisaravanan, B. Jyothi, R. Leela Lalitha, K. Murugan, S. Reva University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Pine Candle Way Saint AugustineFL United States Sri Venkateshwara College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Andhra Pradesh Bhimavaram India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Information Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367904

This research introduces a new method for predicting electric vehicles (EVs) range that combines cloud computing with random forest regression (RFR) approaches. Predicting the range properly is now critical for user comfort and efficient route planning due to the rising popularity of EVs. Factors like changing driving conditions and battery depletion might make traditional range calculation techniques inaccurate. It uses the processing power of the cloud to collect and analyze massive volumes of real-time data on variables like traffic, weather, and topography that have an impact on EVs range. Next, it uses a powerful machine learning (ML) algorithm for RFR to accurately forecast EVs range by modeling the intricate interactions between these factors. Results from experiments this technique works, with far better range estimate advanced approaches. Cloud computing scalability and flexibility also make it easy to predict models into preexisting EVs navigation systems, so drivers may get accurate range estimations in real time based on their own circumstances. It will improve EVs' usability and dependability, which will lead to more people buying and using these eco-friendly vehicles. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Label Consistent Generalized Adaptive Weighted Recursive Least Squares Dictionary Learning

Label Consistent Generalized Adaptive Weighted Recursive Lea...

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International Image Processing, Applications and Systems Conference (IPAS)

作者： Mohadeseh Yousefi Yashar Naderahmadian Soosan Beheshti Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Guilan Rasht Iran Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331506520

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506537

The Generalized Adaptive Weighted Recursive Least Squares (GAWRLS) dictionary learning method has shown potential for unsupervised dictionary learning. This paper advances GAWRLS by incorporating classification error as an additional cost to enable supervised learning tasks and introduces the Label Consistency for online supervised dictionary learning in classification tasks. The new method is denoted as Label Consistent Generalized Adaptive Weighted Recursive Least Squares Dictionary Learning (LC-GAWRLS). By incorporating both sparse representation error and classification error into the cost function, LC-GAWRLS enables simultaneous learning of the dictionary and classifier parameters. Particularly, to ensure label consistency, the proposed algorithm introduces a correction weight to adaptively regulate the impact of each training data during the model update, enhancing robustness against variations in training data compared to previous dictionary learning methods. Simulation results on real datasets demonstrate that LC-GAWRLS achieves higher classification accuracy compared to existing state-of-the-art supervised dictionary learning methods, particularly in scenarios with limited training samples per class.

关键词： Training Dictionaries Accuracy Sparse approximation Simulation Supervised learning Training data Machine learning Cost function Classification algorithms

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A Study on Eye Tracking for Mobile Devices Using Deep Learning 23

A Study on Eye Tracking for Mobile Devices Using Deep Learni...

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24th International Conference on computer Systems and Technologies, CompSysTech 2023

作者： Le Hoang, Nam Porta, Marco Faculty of Information Technology Hanoi University Hanoi Viet Nam Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700477

While eye tracking technology has been around for several years, it has traditionally been implemented on personal computers using specific devices. Eye tracking through smartphones or tablets is much more challenging, because it involves the use of standard cameras and typically significantly fewer computational resources. In this paper, we present a study in which, based on a large dataset of face images acquired via mobile devices, we investigate the influence of some design choices (in particular, related to optimizers, color, and regularization techniques) on a deep learning convolutional architecture. We believe that the results obtained, although preliminary, can provide a useful contribution to a challenging and constantly evolving research field such as that of eye tracking for mobile appliances. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Automatic Cataract and Cholesterol Detection System Based on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN): A Comparison with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Siamese Neural Network (SNN) 1

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19th International Conference of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, ICIUS 2023

作者： Lie, Zener S. Widodo, Jatmiko A. F. Hanesi, Isabel K. P. Moningka, Matthew R. N. Mariana, Y. Astuti, Winda Akmeliawati, Rini Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Product Design program Industrial Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Robotics and Automation Research Group School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering The University of Adelaide North Terrace Campus Adelaide Australia

ISBN: (数字)9789819765911

ISBN: (纸本)9789819765904

In Indonesia, the majority of blindness cases, approximately 81%, are attributed to cataract. Additionally, 35% of the population has higher cholesterol levels than the standard normal range. The lack of specialized medical equipment, such as the slit-lamp (Ruparelia in Dalhousie Med J 49(1), [1]) bio-microscope, and trained professionals, especially in rural areas, make it difficult to detect these conditions through eye examinations. To address this issue, a supervised machine learning method, the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), has been utilized to create an iris scanner system that can identify cataract and high cholesterol in a patient. This system will classify eyes into three categories, i.e., cataract, high cholesterol, and normal iris. The computer simulations indicate that this technique is more accurate and requires less training time compared to the existing Convolutional Neural Network (ANN) and Siamese Neural Network (SNN)-based method, while achieving 100% accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Implementation of the Simple Algorithm for Space Charge Limited Emission in a 1-D Particle-in-Cell Simulation 24

Implementation of the Simple Algorithm for Space Charge Limi...

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24th International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2023

作者： Wang, Guo-Ning Aranganadin, Kaviya Hsu, Hua-Yi Verboncoeur, John P. Lin, Ming-Chieh Hanyang University Multidisciplinary Computational Laboratory Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Seoul04763 Korea Republic of National Taipei University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Taipei10608 Taiwan Michigan State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan48824 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665473217

Cathode emission in most vacuum electronic devices (VEDs) operates in a space-charge limited regime where the current density drawn is limited by the self-fields of the space charges. In particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, the implementation of the space charge limited emission is not trivial and sometimes an over emission or nonphysical effects might be generated. In this paper, we present the implementation of the simple algorithm proposed by Stoltz et al. for space-charge limited emission in 1-D PIC simulations. The algorithm uses the value of the electric field in front of the cathode surface instead of attempting to zero the field at the surface, making the algorithm particularly well suited to the PIC simulations. For demonstration, the 1-D bounded electrostatic PIC code, XPDP1, developed by Plasma Theory and Simulation Group (PTSG), formerly at UC Berkeley, now at Michigan State University is used to simulate a space charge limited diode in which the steady-state limiting current should follow the Child-Langmuir law. After implementing the simple algorithm in the XPDP1 code, the surface electric field is computed accurately by applying the Gauss law to the surface grid and the turn on of the space charge limited emission in the planar diode is studied carefully. The simple algorithm can be further implemented to 2-D or 3-D PIC simulations for modeling VEDs with space charge limited emission. The detailed implementation and simulation results will be presented and discussed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electric space charge

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An Interdisciplinary Approach for Environmental Sustainability: A New Metric for Land Use Estimation 13

An Interdisciplinary Approach for Environmental Sustainabili...

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13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, IMCIC 2022

作者： Albanesi, Maria Grazia Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia PaviaI-27100 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781950492602

This paper describes a new metric for land use estimation based on two indicators: the Anthropentropy Factor, which expresses the impact of anthropic settlements on wild nature, and the Forest Status Quality, which measures quality and extension of the forests according to their ecological components. The novelty of this contribution consists in the combination of the two indicators into a single Smart Land Use Estimator, and in the embedding of a new parameter related to the hydrogeological risk of the territory. This is multidisciplinary study because tools and algorithms of computer Science (image processing) are applied to data and concepts coming from Botany, Hydrology and Geology. For this reason, in the paper, some issues and proposed solutions about the multidisciplinary communication are investigated. The application of this smart indicator is to drive policy makers by suggesting the opportunity or not to build new anthropic settlements for a real sustainable development, by considering both biodiversity preservation and human safety against catastrophic events, such as landslides and floods. The results are presented for a part of the territory in the North of Italy in which the hydrogeologic risk and the impact of human settlements (population density and land use) are particularly high. © 2022 IMCIC 2022 - 13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Land use

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Electrogelated drug-embedded silk/gelatin/rGO degradable electrode for anti-inflammatory applications in brain-implant systems

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Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2024年第5期12卷 1361-1371页

作者： Lin, Zhen-Kai Lin, Jing-Syu Chen, Zih-Huei Cheng, Hung-Wei Huang, Wei-Chen Chen, San-Yuan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Dentistry College of Dental Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Implantable electrodes have raised great interest over the last years with the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disorders. For brain implant devices, some key factors resulting in the formation of glial scars, such as mechanical mismatch and acute injury-induced inflammation, should be considered for material design. Therefore, in this study, a new biocompatible flexible electrode (e-SgG) with arbitrary shapes on a positive electrode was developed via electrogelation by applying a direct electrical voltage on a silk fibroin/gelatin/reduced graphene oxide composite hydrogel. The implantable flexible e-SgG-2 film with 1.23% rGO content showed high Young's modulus (11-150 MPa), which was sufficient for penetration under dried conditions but subsequently became a biomimetic brain tissue with low Young's modulus (50-3200 kPa) after insertion in the brain. At the same time, an anti-inflammatory drug (DEX) incorporated into the e-SgG-2 film can be electrically stimulated to exhibit two-stage release to overcome tissue inflammation during cyclic voltammetry via degradation by applying an AC field. The results of cell response to the SF/gelatin/rGO/DEX composite film showed that the released DEX could interrupt astrocyte growth to reduce the inflammatory response but showed non-toxicity toward neurons, which demonstrated a great potential for the application of the biocompatible and degradable e-SgG-D electrodes in the improvement of nerve tissue repair. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry

关键词： Electrodes

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Boost DC-DC Converter with Non-dissipative Snubber

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IEEJ Transactions on electrical and Electronic engineering 2024年第11期19卷 1858-1878页

作者： Yau, Yeu-Torng Department of Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung No.57 Sec. 2 Zhongshan Rd. Taiping Dist Taichung41170 Taiwan

To provide a hold-up time function in DC-DC supplies for cell site stations or data centers, using a boost converter with a bulk output capacitor as a front-end converter stage is a simple and highly cost-effective solution. However, conventional boost converters with a hard-switching operation result in low conversion efficiency and increased electromagnetic interference emissions. In this paper, a boost converter with a new non-dissipative snubber is proposed that only requires two additional diodes, an inductor, and a multilayer ceramic capacitor. The main feature of the proposed snubber is that the components are not located on the main power processing path. This means they only require low ratings, improving cost-effectiveness. A prototype converter is analyzed, realized, and applied to a 300 W redundant DC-DC power supply module for a 5G cell base station. © 2024 The Author(s). IEEJ Transactions on electrical and Electronic engineering published by Institute of electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. © 2024 The Author(s). IEEJ Transactions on electrical and Electronic engineering published by Institute of electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Boost converter

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