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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Wang, Vivienne Huiling Wang, Tinghuai Yang, Wenyan Kämäräinen, Joni-Kristian Pajarinen, Joni Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Aalto University Finland Huawei Helsinki Research Center Finland Computing Sciences Tampere University Finland

In goal-conditioned hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL), a high-level policy specifies a subgoal for the low-level policy to reach. Effective HRL hinges on a suitable subgoal representation function, abstracting state space into latent subgoal space and inducing varied low-level behaviors. Existing methods adopt a subgoal representation that provides a deterministic mapping from state space to latent subgoal space. Instead, this paper utilizes Gaussian Processes (GPs) for the first probabilistic subgoal representation. Our method employs a GP prior on the latent subgoal space to learn a posterior distribution over the subgoal representation functions while exploiting the long-range correlation in the state space through learnable kernels. This enables an adaptive memory that integrates long-range subgoal information from prior planning steps allowing to cope with stochastic uncertainties. Furthermore, we propose a novel learning objective to facilitate the simultaneous learning of probabilistic subgoal representations and policies within a unified framework. In experiments, our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in standard benchmarks but also in environments with stochastic elements and under diverse reward conditions. Additionally, our model shows promising capabilities in transferring low-level policies across different tasks. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： State space methods

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A comparison study between Modbus and IEC 61850 MMS Protocols 33

A comparison study between Modbus and IEC 61850 MMS Protocol...

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33rd Southern African Universities Power engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

作者： Johnson, Rayner Krishnamurthy, Senthil Mataifa, Haltor Esmail, Mohammed Cape Peninsula University of Technology Center for Substation Automation and Energy Management Systems Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Cape Town7530 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535162

The growing adoption of renewable energy primary plants has been seen globally. South Africa has seen a significant development in utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) farms in recent years due to the alleviated regulations stipulated in the latest Electricity Regulation Amendment Act. Connecting the PV plants to the power grid has also undergone a technical evolution by incorporating modern embedded computers known as Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC) 61850 standard defines a suite of protocols used in modern power systems. This study compares the IEC 61850 Manufacturing Messaging Specification (MMS) with the well-known MODBUS protocol. The comparison is achieved by simulating a solar farm's Power Plant Controller (PPC). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Solar power plants

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Voltage Regulation in Edge Energy Router System via H_(∞)Control with Markov Jump

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 196-207页

作者： Yutong Li Haochen Hua Junwei Cao Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100092China College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

With the increase in the amount of tasks offtoaded to the network edge, the energy supply of edge devices has become a challenge worthy of attention. It is a feasible way to use renewable energy to supply energy for edge devices, but production of renewable energy has certain uncertainty and stochasticity. In order to provide sufficient energy to ensure stable operation of edge devices, energy Internet (EI) provides an idea, that is, different edge devices are connected with distributed small energy supply and storage systems. As the core equipment of energy Internet, energy router (ER) plays an important role in information transmission, energy transmission and system control. In this paper, the concept of edge energy router is proposed, which has the ability of task computing and scheduling similar to edge computing server, as well as the ability of energy transmission and system control of energy router. Each edge energy router is connected with loads, photovoltaic panel (PV), micro turbine (MT) and battery energy storage (BES) to form a self-sufficient microgrid (MG) system. However, there exists a delay in energy transmission and task scheduling between different ERs. Moreover, the DC bus voltage stability of each edge energy router system is negatively affected by internal uncertainty, stochasticity and external interference. Therefore, the system is modeled by Markov jump ODEs with time delay, and robust control of DC bus voltage deviation is discussed in this paper. The linear matrix inequality (LMI) method is used to solve this Markov jump control problem. Finally, numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Edge computing edge energy router Markovian jump system microgrid ordinary differential equation

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Cognitive Radio Receiver Design Employing Pipeline Successive Approximation ADC 22

Cognitive Radio Receiver Design Employing Pipeline Successiv...

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22nd International Learning and Technology Conference, L and T 2025

作者： Baig, Muhammad Samee Hussein, Aziza I. Effat University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Saudi Arabia Effat University College of Engineering Energy and Technology Research Center Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532215

Smart cities require better cellular communication, incorporating a high data rate that satisfies the Internet, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT) requirements. A high data rate demands higher bandwidth with low latency. However, the already saturated or underutilized frequency spectrum hinders this realization. 5G and cognitive radio technology can enhance spectrum utilization to meet the high data demands of future cellular communication. Cognitive radio uses spectrum sensing to identify underutilized frequencies without interfering with licensed users, addressing the scarcity of the electromagnetic spectrum. In this paper, a cognitive radio receiver design with a SAR analog-to-digital converter, which is recognized for having a modest resolution for high bandwidth signals, is implemented. Moreover, the pipeline technique in the SAR design is proposed to increase the resolution to be suitable for 5G applications. The high-level model of the system is simulated using MATLAB Simulink software. The quantization error observed in the regular SAR ADC design is compared to that in the proposed pipeline SAR ADC, highlighting the enhanced accuracy and efficiency of the pipeline SAR ADC, which makes it suitable for spectrum sensing in next-generation cognitive radio systems. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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High-Speed Visible Light Communication Using Phenothiazine/Dimesitylborane Derivatives as Color Conversion Materials in Semipolar Micro-LED-Based White-Light Systems

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ACS Photonics 2024年第2期11卷 489-497页

作者： Sadhu, Annada Sankar Chen, Li-Yin Pai, Yi-Hua Hsieh, Chung-An Lin, Hao-Wu Chow, Chi-Wai Kuo, Hao-Chung Department of Photonics Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a cutting-edge high-speed communication technology, poised to meet the surging capacity demands of 6G networks. Micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) are considered as the light sources for achieving high-speed VLC, distinguished by their remarkable modulation bandwidths. However, achieving broadband white light emission hinges on the utilization of color-conversion materials with wide emission spectra. The transmission speed of the white-light system is inherently constrained by the characteristics of these color-conversion materials. In this work, we demonstrate CC-MP7 and CC-MP8, two derivatives of phenothiazine/dimesitylborane, as color conversion materials in a semipolar (20-21) micro-LED-based white-light system for high-speed VLC. The color conversion layers possess wide emission spectra, enabling them to achieve excellent color rendering performance when combined with blue micro-LEDs. CCMP7 and CC-MP8 demonstrate rapid photoluminescence decay characteristics, thereby enhancing the modulation bandwidth of the color-conversion layer in the white-light system. The resulting bandwidths achieved by CC-MP7 and CC-MP8 are 210 and 240 MHz, respectively, which represents an approximately 45-fold increase compared to ordinary phosphors. By combining semipolar (20-21) micro-LEDs with CC-MP7 and CC-MP8, the resulting white-light systems exhibit correlated color temperatures of 6860 and 7500 K, CIE coordinates of (0.3009, 0.3577) and (0.2958, 0.3129), and color-rendering indexes of 80 and 85, respectively. Furthermore, both systems offer high bandwidths of 1063 and 1084 MHz with the data rates of 1.72 Gbps and 1.74 Gbps using non-return-to-zero on-off keying (NRZ-OOK) format, respectively, indicating the significant potential of CC-MP7 and CC-MP8 for practical applications in VLC. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Temporal Difference-Aware Graph Convolutional Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Intersection Traffic Signal Control

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2024年第1期25卷 327-337页

作者： Lin, Wei-Yu Song, Yun-Zhu Ruan, Bo-Kai Shuai, Hong-Han Shen, Chih-Ya Wang, Li-Chun Li, Yung-Hui National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan Hon Hai Research Institute Ai Research Center New Taipei City11492 Taiwan

Traffic light control plays a crucial role in intelligent transportation systems. This paper introduces Temporal Difference-Aware Graph Convolutional Reinforcement Learning (TeDA-GCRL), a decentralized RL-based method for efficient multi-intersection traffic signal control. Specifically, we put forward a new graph architecture using each lane as a node for considering intersection relations. Additionally, we propose two new rewards by considering temporal information, namely Temporal-Aware Pressure on Incoming Lanes (TAPIL) and Temporal-Aware Action Consistency (TAAC), which enhance learning efficiency and time-interval sensitivity. Experimental results on five datasets show the superiority of TeDA-GCRL over state-of-the-art methods by at least 9.5% in average travel time. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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High Power Short Wavelength Infrared Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2024年第15期42卷 5262-5268页

作者： Chang, Chia-Jui Chen, Lih-Ren Wu, Yi-Jing Tseng, Chia-Chin Hong, Kuo-Bin Kuo, Hao-Chung Lu, Tien-Chang National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu City30010 Taiwan Hon Hai Research Institute Semiconductor Research Center Taipei City23678 Taiwan

In this study, we present high-performance photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) operating at short wavelength infrared (SWIR) band of approximately 1580 nm. These PCSELs demonstrate impressive output power exceeding 200 mW and exhibit a remarkably low divergence angle of approximately 1 degree. Through numerical simulations, we optimize the PCSEL design by analyzing threshold gain and loss components for various PC patterns. The experimental results confirm the PCSELs' high brightness and circular output beams. Our SWIR PCSELs offer promising solutions for critical applications, serving as a compelling alternative to traditional laser diodes. The elimination of distributed Bragg reflectors simplifies fabrication processes and holds potential for driving future advancements in laser technology. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reflection

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Advanced Helical Antenna Design for X-Band Applications Using AI

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Progress in Electromagnetics research C 2025年 153卷 201-211页

作者： Zeain, Mohammed Yousif Abu, Maisarah Toding, Apriana Zakaria, Zahriladha Alsariera, Hussein Ullah, Ihsan Abdulbari, Ali Abdulateef Yon, Hamizan Taha, Bilal Salman Inam Abbasi, Muhammad Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia Makassar Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Information Technology Center University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Antenna Research Center College of Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronics University Tenaga National Malaysia Malaysia

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a novel 3D-printed helical antenna operating within the 9.4–10.8 GHz frequency band. The antenna, employing a lightweight paper substrate and a strip-based helical structure, exhibits robust circular polarization characteristics and wideband operation. Rigorous simulations predict a peak CP gain of 11.7 dBi at 9.8 GHz and a high simulated radiation efficiency of 95%. Experimental measurements validate these predictions, achieving a peak CP gain of 11.6 dBi at 9.8 GHz. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D-printed helical antennas for diverse applications in modern wireless communication systems, including 5G, satellite communication, and radar. Furthermore, this study leverages the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by employing the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), a sophisticated metaheuristic algorithm, to optimize the antenna’s design. The GWO algorithm is utilized to efficiently search the design space and identify optimal values for key parameters, such as the number of turns, helix pitch, and helix diameter, with the objective of maximizing antenna gain to achieve a target of 15 dBi. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven optimization techniques in advancing the design of high-performance antennas for emerging wireless communication systems. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Helical antennas

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Resilient Smart Power Grid Synchronization Estimation Method for System Resilience with Partial Missing Measurements

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1307-1319页

作者： Yi Wang Yanxin Liu Mingdong Wang Venkata Dinavahi Jun Liang Yonghui Sun School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Engineering Research Center of Power Electronics and Energy Systems Zhengzhou 450001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2V4Canada School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China IEEE

With the increasing demand for power system stability and resilience,effective real-time tracking plays a crucial role in smart grid ***,most studies have focused on measurement noise,while they seldom think about the problem of measurement data loss in smart power grid *** solve this problem,a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter(RFTEKF)is proposed to track voltage amplitude,voltage phase angle and frequency ***,a threephase unbalanced network’s positive sequence fast estimation model is ***,the loss phenomenon of measurements occurs randomly,and the randomness of data loss’s randomness is defined by discrete interval distribution[0,1].Subsequently,a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter based on the real-time estimation framework is designed using the timestamp technique to acquire partial data loss ***,extensive simulation results manifest the proposed RFTEKF can synchronize the smart grid more effectively than the traditional extended Kalman filter(EKF).

关键词： Dynamic state estimation Kalman filter partial missing measurements power systems smart grid synchronized measurements

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EventLFM:event camera integrated Fourier light field microscopy for ultrafast 3D imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1401-1415页

作者： Ruipeng Guo Qianwan Yang Andrew S.Chang Guorong Hu Joseph Greene Christopher V.Gabel Sixian You Lei Tian Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Neurophotonics Center Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics(RLE)in the Department of Electrical Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Ultrafast 3D imaging is indispensable for visualizing complex and dynamic biological *** scanning-based techniques necessitate an inherent trade-off between acquisition speed and space-bandwidth product(SBP).Emerging single-shot 3D wide-field techniques offer a promising alternative but are bottlenecked by the synchronous readout constraints of conventional CMOS systems,thus restricting data throughput to maintain high SBP at limited frame *** address this,we introduce EventLFM,a straightforward and cost-effective system that overcomes these challenges by integrating an event camera with Fourier light field microscopy(LFM),a state-of-theart single-shot 3D wide-field imaging *** event camera operates on a novel asynchronous readout architecture,thereby bypassing the frame rate limitations inherent to conventional CMOS *** further develop a simple and robust event-driven LFM reconstruction algorithm that can reliably reconstruct 3D dynamics from the unique spatiotemporal measurements captured by *** results demonstrate that EventLFM can robustly reconstruct fast-moving and rapidly blinking 3D fluorescent samples at kHz frame ***,we highlight EventLFM’s capability for imaging of blinking neuronal signals in scattering mouse brain tissues and 3D tracking of GFP-labeled neurons in freely moving *** believe that the combined ultrafast speed and large 3D SBP offered by EventLFM may open up new possibilities across many biomedical applications.

关键词： field linking overcome

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