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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Enriquez-Contreras, Luis Fernando Barth, Matthew Ula, Sadrul University of California Riverside Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Riverside United States College of Engineering Center for Environmental Research and Technology University of California Riverside Riverside United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

As a part of an innovative Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), this paper investigates the effectiveness of transportation-based microgrid configurations in reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and electricity costs. A case study at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) utilizes high-resolution California Independent System Operator (CAISO) CO2 emission data to assess the environmental impact of each microgrid configuration. It also compares electricity costs to determine potential consumer savings. The results demonstrate that a load-following transportation microgrid strategy can significantly reduce CO2 emissions (67%-84%) and achieve annual cost savings of approximately 24,000, even when accounting for the additional demand from daily electric vehicle (EV) charging at the building. However, battery sizing is crucial for cost-effectiveness, as load-following exhibits diminishing returns. Doubling battery capacity may yield negligible reductions in electricity costs and CO2 emissions after exceeding certain threshold. This emphasizes the importance of optimizing battery capacity to achieve a balance between cost and environmental impact. The study further reveals that Level 2 chargers in a commercial building generally have minimal impact on building demand and energy charges. Conversely, a single Level 3 DC fast charger has a more significant impact, requiring increased solar and battery storage capacity for further cost reduction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microgrids

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Markovian and non-Markovian master equations versus an exactly solvable model of a qubit in a cavity

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第1期22卷 014028-014028页

作者： Zihan Xia Juan Garcia-Nila Daniel A. Lidar Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Chemistry Department of Physics & Astronomy

Quantum master equations are commonly used to model the dynamics of open quantum systems, but their accuracy is rarely compared with the analytical solution of exactly solvable models. In this work, we perform such a comparison for the damped Jaynes-Cummings model of a qubit in a leaky cavity, for which an analytical solution is available in the one-excitation subspace. We consider the non-Markovian time-convolutionless master equation up to the second (Redfield) and fourth orders as well as three types of Markovian master equations: the coarse-grained, cumulant, and standard rotating-wave approximation (RWA) Lindblad equations. We compare the exact solution to these master equations for three different spectral densities: impulse, Ohmic, and triangular. We demonstrate that the coarse-grained master equation outperforms the standard RWA-based Lindblad master equation for weak coupling or high qubit frequency (relative to the spectral density high-frequency cutoff ωc), where the Markovian approximation is valid. In the presence of non-Markovian effects characterized by oscillatory, nondecaying behavior, the time-convolutionless approximation closely matches the exact solution for short evolution times (in units of ωc−1) even outside the regime of validity of the Markovian approximations. For long evolution times, all master equations perform poorly, as quantified in terms of the trace-norm distance from the exact solution. The fourth-order time-convolutionless master equation achieves the top performance in all cases. Our results highlight the need for reliable approximation methods to describe open-system quantum dynamics beyond the short-time limit.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Open quantum systems & decoherence Quantum information processing Jaynes-Cummings model Lindblad equation Markovian processes Non-Markovian processes Quantum master equation

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Assessing the Effects of Blackhole Attacks on MANET Reliability and Security

Assessing the Effects of Blackhole Attacks on MANET Reliabil...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Ahmed, Amjed Abbas Fadhil, Saif Aamer Najim, Ali Hamza Ali Alheeti, Khattab M. Mohd Satar, Nurhizam Safie Abdallah Hashim, Aisha Hassan Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Baghdad Iraq Department of Computer Technical Engineering Baghdad10011 Iraq College of Computer and Information Technology Computer Networking Systems Department University of Anbar Anbar Iraq Bangi43600 Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are characterized by some important attributes, including infrastructure, mobile, and dynamic nature, which makes them have vast applications in different areas of computer networks. The black hole attack falls among the strongly criticized security threats within the framework of the MANETs. This deceptive behavior captures data packets from a source destined for the malicious node and then declines them when they are received. This paper comprehensively reviews prior studies done to analyze and mitigate black hole attacks in MANETs. Besides this, we will conduct a comparative analysis of the research above projects. The present paper extends prior work by actually performing the black hole assault simulations in a MANETs environment. This is done with the aid of the NS2 simulator and the Ad Hoc On-Demands Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol. In this study, the black hole attack is analyzed and the consequences of the attack are assessed in terms of the system performance and security. We analyze crucial parameters like end-to-end latency, PDR, packet drop, and throughput to evaluate the consequences of this assault. From our results derived from the analysis of our simulations, we aim to present substantial points to do with the impacts of blackhole attacks on MANETs. In this way, our goal is to participate in the perpetually evolving efforts aimed at enhancing the security and reliability of such dynamic networks. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile ad hoc networks

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Dual-Band Reflectarray Antennas Using Integrated Resonant and Non-Resonant Natures of Metallic Waveguide Elements at Millimeter Wave Frequencies

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Radio Science 2023年第1期58卷 1-13页

作者： Chou, H.-T. Wang, N.-N. Fang, M. Wang, L.-Q. Akkaraekthalin, P. Torrungrueng, D. Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Research Center of Innovation Digital and Electromagnetic Technology Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

Pure metallic reflectarray antennas have good power efficiency and low fabrication cost, limited to single-band operation in the past. A dual-band reflectarray antenna is developed for two directional beams by two feeds. The reflecting elements are metal waveguides and have novel properties of both resonant and non-resonant modes at the two frequency bands. The low and high-frequency bands can be easily separated by the cutoff frequency of waveguide modes. The phase-changing mechanisms via ray optics and fundamental waveguide modes, respectively, provide simple formulations for the elemental structure design of directional beams. Radiation characteristics of the linear and circular polarizations are cross-examined with a good performance by full-wave simulations using HFSS, FEKO, and CST at 28 and 60 GHz bands for 5G front-haul network applications. In particular, we have used HFSS to simulate the reflecting elements' basic characteristics of phase variation, FEKO to simulate the linear polarization antenna case, and CST to simulate the circular polarization antenna case, respectively. © 2023. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Cutoff frequency

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Modeling of a Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection

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Journal of engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2024年第3期7卷 031007页

作者： Chowdhury, Nure Alam Wang, Lulu Islam, Md Shazzadul Gu, Linxia Kaya, Mehmet Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science Florida Institute of Technology MelbourneFL32901 United States Biomedical Device Innovation Center Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen518118 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak Selangor Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia

Breast cancer is a global problem, and it is inevitable to detect cancerous cells at early stages. In recent years, microwave imaging (MWI) technology has been widely applied in biomedical applications for its nonionizing radiation. Therefore, in this paper, a low profile hexagonal microstrip patch antenna has been proposed for the technology to detect breast cancer. This antenna has wide operating bandwidth of 13.5 GHz (6.6 GHz to 20.1 GHz), and the return loss is as low as -50.83 dB at 8 GHz. To evaluate the antenna performances, the proposed antenna has been simulated in two different simulation software like HFSS and CST MWS. The antenna has achieved a maximum gain of 8.82 dBi with a quasi-omnidirectional radiation pattern. A three-layered human body mimicking breast phantom with different dielectric properties has been designed with and without tumor mimicking tissue. The difference between the dielectric properties of the tumor and the dielectric properties of different layers of breast phantom in the presence of external radiation field can inform the existence of tumor inside the breast phantom. An array of eight elements of proposed antenna is distributed around the breast phantom to detect the tumor with a minimum radius of 2 mm. Because of the low profile and compact in size (7:9 mm X 11:4 mm), the proposed antenna is suitable for multistatic MWI technology for breast cancer detection at early stage. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Tumors

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Reversible Data Hiding in Shared Images with Separate Cover Image Reconstruction and Secret Extraction

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IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing 2024年第1期12卷 186-199页

作者： Xiong, Lizhi Han, Xiao Yang, Ching-Nung Shi, Yun-Qing Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science Nanjing210044 China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Nanjing210044 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China National Dong Hwa University Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering Hualien974301 Taiwan New Jersey Institute of Technology ECE Department NewarkNJ07102 United States

Reversible data hiding is widely utilized for secure communication and copyright protection. Recently, to improve embedding capacity and visual quality of stego-images, some Partial Reversible Data Hiding (PRDH) schemes are proposed. But these schemes are over the plaintext domain. To protect the privacy of the cover image, Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images (RDHEI) techniques are preferred. In addition, the full separability of cover image reconstruction and data restoration is also an important characteristic that cannot be achieved by most RDHEI schemes. To solve the issues, a partial and a complete Reversible Data Hiding in Shared Images with Separate Cover Image Reconstruction and Secret Extraction (RDHSI-SRE) are proposed in this paper. In the proposed schemes, the secret data is divided by Secret Sharing (SS). Then, the marked shared images are generated based on the proposed modify-and-recalculate strategy. The receiver can extract embedded data and reconstruct the image separably using k-out-of-n marked shared images. In the embedding phase of partial RDHSI-SRE (PRDHSI-SRE), the pixel values are modified according to the proposed Minimizing-Square-Errors Strategy to achieve high visual quality, and the complete RDHSI-SRE (CRDHSI-SRE) embeds data by modifying random coefficients to achieve reversibility. The experimental results and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the proposed schemes have a high embedding performance. Most importantly, the proposed schemes are fault-tolerant and completely separable. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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5G Antenna Gain Enhancement Using a Novel Metasurface

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3601-3611页

作者： Mubashir Ashfaq Shahid Bashir Syed Imran Hussain Shah Nisar Ahmad Abbasi Hatem Rmili Muhammad Abbas Khan Department of Electrical Engineering UETPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea Department of Electrical Engineering University of Hafr Al BatinKSA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahKSA K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589KSA Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuettaPakistan

This article presents a Sub-6 GHz microstrip patch antenna(MPA)with enhanced gain using metamaterial(MTM)*** source MPA operates at 4.8 GHz and has a peak gain of 5.3 dBi at the resonance frequency.A window-shaped unit cell is designed and investigated through the material wave propagation *** unit cell shows an EpsilonNear Zero(ENZ)-Mu Very Large(MVL)behavior around 4.8 *** unit cell has a fourfold geometry which makes it a polarization independent metamaterial.A double layer antenna is designed by placing a 4×4 MTM slab as a superstrate above the MPA at a height of 0.208λ0;whereλ0 is the free-space wavelength at the resonance frequency of the *** matching and gain of the source antenna is improved using the *** simulation as well as measurement results show that novel antenna system has a peak gain of 7.68 dBi at 4.8 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of 0.22 *** overall dimension of the antenna is 75×60×15 mm^(3).The proposed antenna operates in the Sub-6 GHz band and is suitable for 5G applications.

关键词： Metasurface 5G gain directivity polarization

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Temporally consistent video colorization with deep feature propagation and self-regularization learning

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computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 375-395页

作者： Yihao Liu Hengyuan Zhao Kelvin CKChan Xintao Wang Chen Change Loy Yu Qiao Chao Dong Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798 Applied Research Center Tencent PCGShenzhenChina

Video colorization is a challenging and highly ill-posed *** recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in single image colorization,there is relatively less research effort on video colorization,and existing methods always suffer from severe flickering artifacts(temporal inconsistency)or unsatisfactory *** address this problem from a new perspective,by jointly considering colorization and temporal consistency in a unified ***,we propose a novel temporally consistent video colorization(TCVC)*** effectively propagates frame-level deep features in a bidirectional way to enhance the temporal consistency of ***,TCVC introduces a self-regularization learning(SRL)scheme to minimize the differences in predictions obtained using different time *** does not require any ground-truth color videos for training and can further improve temporal *** demonstrate that our method can not only provide visually pleasing colorized video,but also with clearly better temporal consistency than state-of-the-art methods.A video demo is provided at https://***/watch?v=c7dczMs-olE,while code is available at https://***/lyh-18/TCVC-Tem porally-Consistent-Video-Colorization.

关键词： video colorization temporal consistency feature propagation self-regularization

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Nonlinear dynamic response of bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester with functionally graded porous core

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Noise and Vibration Worldwide 2023年第2-3期54卷 145-157页

作者： Akbar, Narges Soltani, Madjid Department of Mechanical Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center Computational Medicine Center K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran

This study deals with piezoelectric energy harvesters carrying the magnet at the free end while a magnifier connected them to the base. The harvester consists of a cantilever beam with Functionally Graded (FG) porous foam core and two piezoelectric faces while taking into account the von-Karman strains and the magnetic interaction of two magnets. The governing equation has been developed using Hamilton’s principle and reduced-order via the Galerkin method. Frequency response of vibrations and voltage derived using harmonic balance method and the adjusted model has been confirmed by parametric studies of the lumped parameter model. A parametric study is also performed to expose the effects of porosity coefficient and pattern, magnifier ratios, and excitation level on the responses. Results show that by correct selection of the magnifier parameters, the proposed harvester can provide a higher output over a wider frequency band. Also, the core porosity increases the flexibility of the beam and raised the voltage by a factor of 1.8. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： Porosity

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Efficient UAV Routing Strategies for Wireless Sensor Network Data Retrieval

Efficient UAV Routing Strategies for Wireless Sensor Network...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Ahmed, Amjed Abbas Al-Sharhanee, Kareem Ali Malalah Najim, Ali Hamza Alheeti, Khattab M. Ali Satar, Nurhizam Safie Mohd Hashim, Aisha Hassan Abdallah Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Bangi Malaysia Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Baghdad Iraq College of Engineering Techniques Department of Communication Technical Engineering Al-Farahidi University Baghdad10011 Iraq Department of Computer Technical Al-Diwaniyah Iraq College of Computer and Information Technology University of Anbar Computer Networking Systems Department Anbar Iraq Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Bangi43600 Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

WSNs are applied in many disciplines where certain conditions require the ability to adapt to network sink mobility and changes in the dynamics of the area coverage. To meet these needs, it is necessary to develop integrated systems where the ''terrestrial' systems and the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)' collect data from sensors efficiently. Planning of UAV trajectories is another challenging issue if many WSN nodes are randomly deployed. This challenge has a big impact on the overall effectiveness of the system. This paper presents a novel approach for reducing the traveled distance of unscrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) to improve the data collection efficiency in WSNs with poor node density. Yet the method that has been developed is aimed at increasing 'the efficiency and efficacy of data collection... with the assistance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)' which means this work reveals practical application solutions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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