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29th Annual Americas Conference on Information systems: Diving into Uncharted Waters, AMCIS 2023

作者： Ekpezu, Akon Obu Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri Wiafe, Isaac Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Oulu Advanced Research on Service and Information Systems University of Oulu Finland Department of Computer Science University of Ghana Ghana

ISBN: (纸本)9781713893592

The effectiveness of behavior change support systems (BCSS) in promoting health and well-being is unflinching. However, its long-term effectiveness is hindered by non-compliance. Research in BCSS that focuses on compliance is scarce, particularly the determinants of compliance intention are not well established. To address this gap, this study investigated the determinants of compliance intention in BCSS by extending the persuasive system design model to include competence, effectiveness, enjoyment, and persuasiveness. By surveying a sample of prospective BCSS users (N=234), partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the proposed model. The findings suggest that the prospective users’ perceptions of primary task support and dialogue support, as well as social support and credibility support significantly influenced their perceptions of self-competence and system effectiveness respectively. These perceptions influenced enjoyment, then persuasiveness, and finally compliance intention. Future studies will validate these findings on the compliance behavior of BCSS. © 2023 29th Annual Americas Conference on Information systems, AMCIS 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Behavior Change Support systems Compliance Intention Persuasive systems Design Persuasive Technology Physical Activity

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Characterizing Structured versus Unstructured Environments based on Pedestrians’ and Vehicles’ Motion Trajectories

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Golchoubian, Mahsa Ghafurian, Moojan Azad, Nasser Lashgarian Dautenhahn, Kerstin Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada

Trajectory behaviours of pedestrians and vehicles operating close to each other can be different in unstructured compared to structured environments. These differences in the motion behaviour are valuable to be considered in the trajectory prediction algorithm of an autonomous vehicle. However, the available datasets on pedestrians’ and vehicles’ trajectories that are commonly used as benchmarks for trajectory prediction have not been classified based on the nature of their environment. On the other hand, the definitions provided for unstructured and structured environments are rather qualitative and hard to be used for justifying the type of a given environment. In this paper, we have compared different existing datasets based on a couple of extracted trajectory features, such as mean speed and trajectory variability. Through K-means clustering and generalized linear models, we propose more quantitative measures for distinguishing the two different types of environments. Our results show that features such as trajectory variability, stop fraction and density of pedestrians are different among the two environmental types and can be used to classify the existing datasets. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

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A Patient Specific Algorithm for Plasmodium Malaria Detection on Cell Images

A Patient Specific Algorithm for Plasmodium Malaria Detectio...

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2023 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 2023

作者： Narayanan, Barath Narayanan De Silva, Manawaduge Supun Hardie, Russell C. University of Dayton Research Institute Sensor and Software Systems Division Dayton United States University of Dayton Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dayton United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338782

computer-aided detection of plasmodium malaria on cell images from digital microscopy provides an invaluable second opinion to medical experts. Traditionally, well-established deep learning algorithms are widely used to detect plasmodium, but these techniques have not been deployed due to the uninterpretable nature of the decisions made by the network. To address this, we present an ensemble method that fuses the predictions based on the class activation mapping (CAM) results from multiple networks via a novel selector network. We study the performance on a publicly available dataset of cell images by using three convolutional neural network architectures, Xception, ResNet50, and InceptionV3,to produce CAM results for the selector network and performance comparison. Our proposed approach helps enhance doctors' trust and outperforms the traditional methods by 1%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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RLC Balance Technique of Transformer to Reduce CM EMI for Isolated DC-DC Converters

RLC Balance Technique of Transformer to Reduce CM EMI for Is...

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Huang, Qinghui Li, Yiming Ma, Zhedong Yang, Yirui Lai, Yanwen Wang, Shuo University of Florida Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering GainesvilleFL United States Monolithic Power Systems Inc. San JoseCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

The capacitance balance technique to reduce CM EMI noise in isolated converters will fail due to the resonance of the CM impedance of the transformer. This paper identifies the unbalanced CM impedances of the transformer will lead to spikes in the CM EMI spectrum. Two RLC branches are used to represent the CM impedances of the transformer. An RLC balance technique is proposed to achieve impedance balance at the capacitive region, the resonant point, and the inductive region. Then, the proposed method is extended to several isolated converters. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method and the correctness of the parameters design are verified by experiment results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Common mode (CM) common mode impedance electromagnetic interference isolated power converters RLC balance

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Automatic search for photoacoustic marker using automated transrectal ultrasound

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Biomedical Optics Express 2023年第11期14卷 6016-6030页

作者： Wu, Zijian Moradi, Hamid Yang, Shuojue Song, Hyunwoo Boctor, Emad M. Salcudean, Septimiu E. Johns Hopkins University Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics BaltimoreMD United States University of British Columbia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBC Canada University of Texas at Austin Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering AustinTX United States Johns Hopkins University Dept. of Computer Science BaltimoreMD United States

Real-time transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) image guidance during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has the potential to enhance surgery outcomes. Whether conventional or photoacoustic TRUS is used, the robotic system and the TRUS must be registered to each other. Accurate registration can be performed using photoacoustic (PA markers). However, this requires a manual search by an assistant [IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett 8, 1287 (2023).]. This paper introduces the first automatic search for PA markers using a transrectal ultrasound robot. This effectively reduces the challenges associated with the da Vinci-TRUS registration. This paper investigated the performance of three search algorithms in simulation and experiment: Weighted Average (WA), Golden Section Search (GSS), and Ternary Search (TS). For validation, a surgical prostate scenario was mimicked and various ex vivo tissues were tested. As a result, the WA algorithm can achieve 0.53°±0.30° average error after 9 data acquisitions, while the TS and GSS algorithm can achieve 0.29◦±0.31◦ and 0.48°±0.32° average errors after 28 data acquisitions. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Urology

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Additively Manufactured Electric Machine Conductors with Integrated End Turn Heat Exchangers

Additively Manufactured Electric Machine Conductors with Int...

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2022 International Conference on electrical Machines, ICEM 2022

作者： Pecotich, James Klink, David Heins, Greg Bahrani, Behrooz Monash University Power Engineering Advanced Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer System Engineering Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781665414326

ISBN: (纸本)9781665414326

Conductors within a loaded electric machine commonly induce the highest loss. Numerous cooling solutions exist for high-power density electric machine conductors with external water jackets being the most common. The inherent disadvantage of water jacket cooling is the thermal resistance between the conductor and the cooling medium, which reduces the maximum cooling capacity, regardless of the jacket design. This restriction commonly leads designers to implement solutions such as end-turn cooling. The advances in additive manufacturing have unlocked new potential for conductor end-turn cooling. This paper investigates an additively-manufactured conductor with an integrated end-turn heat exchanger. The conductor is based around a Formula Student in-hub motor. This concept utilizes air-cooling and demonstrates a steady-state current density of 11 A/mm2 for a AlSi10Mg end-turn heat-exchanger conductor, without the added mass and complexity of liquid cooling solutions. If copper is used instead of AlSi10Mg, this value increases to approximately 22 A/mm2. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Electric losses

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Blockchain-Enabled Moving Target Defense for Secure CR Networks

Blockchain-Enabled Moving Target Defense for Secure CR Netwo...

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2022 International Telecommunications Conference, ITC-Egypt 2022

作者： Ghourab, Esraa M. Bariah, Lina Muhaidat, Sami Sofotasios, Paschalis C. Al-Qutayri, Mahmoud Damiani, Ernesto Khalifa University KU Center for Cyber-Physical Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates SUNY at Albany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AlbanyNY12222 United States Carleton University Department of Systems and Computer Engineering OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada Khalifa University Center for Cyber-Physical Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates Tampere University Department of Electrical Engineering Tampere33014 Finland Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9781665488082

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488082

The ever-increasing demand for high-data services and the emergence of new use cases with stringent latency, spectral, and energy efficiency requirements present new challenges for 6G networks and necessitate the development of novel solutions to address these issues. Therefore, in this paper, we present a flexible cognitive radio (CR) architecture for establishing and maintaining a resilient network. The network is managed by a novel situational blockchain-based framework that dynamically reprograms the network topology and transmitted data types (real/fake) at runtime to enable a moving-target defense (MtD) approach against attacks and failures. The presented solution has been mathematically modeled and analyzed. Simulation results demonstrates the superiority of the proposed system in terms of security, credibility, and integrity. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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Influence of donor age on liver transplantation outcomes: A multivariate analysis and comparative study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 331-344页

作者： Miran Bezjak Ivan Stresec Branislav Kocman Stipislav Jadrijević Tajana Filipec Kanizaj Miro Antonijević Bojana Dalbelo Bašić Danko Mikulić Department of Surgery University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Electronics MicroelectronicsComputer and Intelligent SystemsFaculty of Electrical Engineering and ComputingZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia Development of Software Nanobit Ltd.Zagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND The growing disparity between the rising demand for liver transplantation(LT)and the limited availability of donor organs has prompted a greater reliance on older liver ***,utilizing livers from elderly donors has been associated with outcomes inferior to those achieved with grafts from younger *** accounting for additional risk factors,we hypothesize that the utili-zation of older liver grafts has a relatively minor impact on both patient survival and graft *** To evaluate the impact of donor age on LT outcomes using multivariate analysis and comparing young and elderly donor *** In the period from April 2013 to December 2018,656 adult liver transplants were performed at the University Hospital *** multivariate Cox propor-tional hazards models were developed to independently assess the significance of donor *** age was treated as a continuous *** approach involved univariate and multivariate analysis,including variable selection and assessment of interactions and ***,to exemplify the similarity of using young and old donor liver grafts,the group of 87 recipients of elderly donor liver grafts(≥75 years)was compared to a group of 124 recipients of young liver grafts(≤45 years)from the *** rates of the two groups were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was used to test the differences between *** Using multivariate Cox analysis,we found no statistical significance in the role of donor age within the constructed *** when retained during the entire model development,the donor age's impact on survival remained insignificant and transformations and interactions yielded no substantial effects on *** insigni-ficance and low coefficient values suggest that donor age does not impact patient survival in our ***,there was no statistical evidence that the five developed models did not adhe

关键词： Liver transplantation Elderly donors Survival analysis Postoperative complications Cox proportional hazard models

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MUNBa: Machine Unlearning via Nash Bargaining

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Jing Harandi, Mehrtash Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University MelbourneVIC Australia

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to selectively erase harmful behaviors from models while retaining the overall utility of the model. As a multi-task learning problem, MU involves balancing objectives related to forgetting specific concepts/data and preserving general performance. A naive integration of these forgetting and preserving objectives can lead to gradient conflicts, impeding MU algorithms from reaching optimal solutions. To address the gradient conflict issue, we reformulate MU as a two-player cooperative game, where the two players, namely, the forgetting player and the preservation player, contribute via their gradient proposals to maximize their overall gain. To this end, inspired by the Nash bargaining theory, we derive a closedform solution to guide the model toward the Pareto front, effectively avoiding the gradient conflicts. Our formulation of MU guarantees an equilibrium solution, where any deviation from the final state would lead to a reduction in the overall objectives for both players, ensuring optimality in each objective. We evaluate our algorithm's effectiveness on a diverse set of tasks across image classification and image generation. Extensive experiments with ResNet, visionlanguage model CLIP, and text-to-image diffusion models demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art MU algorithms, achieving superior performance on several benchmarks. For example, in the challenging scenario of sample-wise forgetting, our algorithm approaches the gold standard retrain baseline. Our results also highlight improvements in forgetting precision, preservation of generalization, and robustness against adversarial attacks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image classification

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Integrated Analog computers as Domain-Specific Accelerators: A Tutorial Review

Integrated Analog Computers as Domain-Specific Accelerators:...

引用

Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Soumyajit Mandal Jifu Liang Hasantha Malavipathirana Nilan Udayanga Hiruni Silva S. I. Hariharan Arjuna Madanayake Instrumentation Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH Electrical & Computer Engineering Florida International University Miami FL

ISBN: (数字)9798350387179

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387186

Recent innovations in devices, circuits, and systems have resulted in the widespread use of parallel and in-memory architectures for energy-efficient computing. However, the choice of signal representation within these architectures has received less attention. Nevertheless, computing using analog variables is known to be fundamentally more resource-efficient for low-and moderate-precision operations, making it of interest for applications, such as inference and real-time control, where high precision is not a requirement. However, well-known difficulties with scalability, programambility, and memory access have im-peded the realization of integrated analog computers (ACs) that can utilize these fundamental advantages. This paper provides a tutorial-style review of state-of-the-art integrated ACs and their advantages, including ultra-low latency and high energy-efficiency, for solving selected problems where clocked digital architectures are not resource-efficient.

关键词： Technological innovation Program processors Reviews Circuits and systems Scalability computer architecture Tutorials

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