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Enhancing the Self-Healing Capability of Cyber-Physical Distribution systems: A UAV-5G Hybrid Wired/Wireless Communication Method

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IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2025年

作者： Huang, Zhanghao Lao, Keng-Weng Yang, Shaohua Feng, Guangxu Gong, Jianhua Lin, Nan Nie, Yu Zhan, Jianyong University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 999078 China

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted wireless communication is emerging as a pivotal technique to facilitate the self-healing of cyber-physical distribution systems (CPDSs) after disasters. However, owing to the limited resources of UAVs, wireless communication is unable to cover all the disconnected distribution terminals, which impedes the automatic load pick-up. To tackle this problem, this letter proposes a novel UAV-5G hybrid wired/wireless communication method based on hybrid communication networks and UAV-5G base stations. Numerical studies verify that the proposed method efficiently optimizes UAV utilization for the timely reconnection of intact terminals, further enhancing the self-healing capability of CPDSs. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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Broadband Impedance Matching for Wearable Magnetoinductive Waveguides

Broadband Impedance Matching for Wearable Magnetoinductive W...

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US National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)

作者： Connor Jenkins Asimina Kiourti Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ElectroScience Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

ISBN: (数字)9781946815200

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513979

Magnetoinductive Waveguides (MIWs) consist of coupled electrically small resonant elements that support the propagation of magnetoinductive waves. By exciting current on an element, a magnetic field is formed, leading to the generation of current on neighboring elements via Faraday's Law. This pattern continues to form a traveling wave. MIWs have been used in wireless power transfer applications, sub-wavelength imaging setups, and as data communication media for applications such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or in challenging Radio-Frequency (RF) environments such as underground, underwater or on the body. In particular, our previous work has focused on their application to wireless body area networks (WBANs) that seamlessly interconnect wearable devices and sensors.

关键词： Radio frequency Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic sensors Wireless power transfer Media Magnetic fields Wearable devices Wearable sensors

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Column-wise Quantization of Weights and Partial Sums for Accurate and Efficient Compute-In-Memory Accelerators

Column-wise Quantization of Weights and Partial Sums for Acc...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Jiyoon Kim Kang Eun Jeon Yulhwa Kim Jong Hwan Ko Department of Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Sungkyunkwan University

ISBN: (数字)9783982674100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534646

Compute-in-memory (CIM) is an efficient method for implementing deep neural networks (DNNs) but suffers from substantial overhead from analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), especially as ADC precision increases. Low-precision ADCs can reduce this overhead but introduce partial-sum quantization errors degrading accuracy. Additionally, low-bit weight constraints, imposed by cell limitations and the need for multiple cells for higher-bit weights, present further challenges. While fine-grained partial-sum quantization has been studied to lower ADC resolution effectively, weight granularity, which limits overall partial-sum quantized accuracy, remains underexplored. This work addresses these challenges by aligning weight and partial-sum quantization granularities at the column-wise level. Our method improves accuracy while maintaining dequantization overhead, simplifies training by removing two-stage processes, and ensures robustness to memory cell variations via independent column-wise scale factors. We also propose an open-source CIM-oriented convolution framework to handle fine-grained weights and partial-sums efficiently, incorporating a novel tiling method and group convolution. Experimental results on ResNet-20 (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100) and ResNet-18 (ImageNet) show accuracy improvements of 0.99%, 2.69%, and 1.01%, respectively, compared to the best-performing related works. Additionally, variation analysis reveals the robustness of our method against memory cell variations. These findings highlight the effectiveness of our quantization scheme in enhancing accuracy and robustness while maintaining hardware efficiency in CIM-based DNN implementations. Our code is available at https://***/jiyoonkm/ColumnQuant.

关键词： Training Accuracy Quantization (signal) Convolution Europe In-memory computing Robustness Hardware Common Information Model (computing) Convolutional neural networks

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CATPlan: Loss-based Collision Prediction in End-to-End Autonomous Driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xiong, Ziliang Liu, Shipeng Helgesen, Nathaniel Johnander, Joakim Forssén, Per-Erik Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Sweden Zenseact Sweden

In recent years, there has been increased interest in the design, training, and evaluation of end-to-end autonomous driving (AD) systems. One often overlooked aspect is the uncertainty of planned trajectories predicted by these systems, despite awareness of their own uncertainty being key to achieve safety and robustness. We propose to estimate this uncertainty by adapting loss prediction from the uncertainty quantification literature. To this end, we introduce a novel light-weight module, dubbed CATPlan, that is trained to decode motion and planning embeddings into estimates of the collision loss used to partially supervise end-to-end AD systems. During inference, these estimates are interpreted as collision risk. We evaluate CATPlan on the safety-critical, nerf-based, closed-loop benchmark NeuroNCAP and find that it manages to detect collisions with a 54.8% relative improvement to average precision over a GMM-based baseline in which the predicted trajectory is compared to the forecasted trajectories of other road users. Our findings indicate that the addition of CATPlan can lead to safer end-to-end AD systems and hope that our work will spark increased interest in uncertainty quantification for such systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Path Planning and Optimization for Cuspidal 6R Manipulators

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Elias, Alexander J. Wen, John T. Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

A cuspidal robot can move from one inverse kinematics (IK) solution to another without crossing a singularity. Multiple industrial robots are cuspidal. They tend to have a beautiful mechanical design, but they pose path planning challenges. A task-space path may have a valid IK solution for each point along the path, but a continuous joint-space path may depend on the choice of the IK solution or even be infeasible. This paper presents new analysis, path planning, and optimization methods to enhance the utility of cuspidal robots. We first demonstrate an efficient method to identify cuspidal robots and show, for the first time, that the ABB GoFa and certain robots with three parallel joint axes are cuspidal. We then propose a new path planning method for cuspidal robots by finding all IK solutions for each point along a task-space path and constructing a graph to connect each vertex corresponding to an IK solution. Graph edges are weighted based on the optimization metric, such as minimizing joint velocity. The optimal feasible path is the shortest path in the graph. This method can find non-singular paths as well as smooth paths which pass through singularities. Finally, this path planning method is incorporated into a path optimization algorithm. Given a fixed workspace toolpath, we optimize the offset of the toolpath in the robot base frame while ensuring continuous joint motion. Code examples are available in a publicly accessible repository. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Inverse kinematics

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Mixture of Experts for Recognizing Depression from Interview and Reading Tasks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ilias, Loukas Askounis, Dimitris Decision Support Systems Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens15780 Greece

Depression is a mental disorder and can cause a variety of symptoms, including psychological, physical, and social. Speech has been proved an objective marker for the early recognition of depression. For this reason, many studies have been developed aiming to recognize depression through speech. However, existing methods rely on the usage of only the spontaneous speech neglecting information obtained via read speech, use transcripts which are often difficult to obtain (manual) or come with high word-error rates (automatic), and do not focus on input-conditional computation methods. To resolve these limitations, this is the first study in depression recognition task obtaining representations of both spontaneous and read speech, utilizing multimodal fusion methods, and employing Mixture of Experts (MoE) models in a single deep neural network. Specifically, we use audio files corresponding to both interview and reading tasks and convert each audio file into log-Mel spectrogram, delta, and delta-delta. Next, the image representations of the two tasks pass through shared AlexNet models. The outputs of the AlexNet models are given as input to a multimodal fusion method. The resulting vector is passed through a MoE module. In this study, we employ three variants of MoE, namely sparsely-gated MoE and multilinear MoE based on factorization. Findings suggest that our proposed approach yields an Accuracy and F1-score of 87.00% and 86.66% respectively on the Androids corpus. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Hybrid Blockchain and IoT Driven Framework for Supply Chain Optimization by Enhancing Transparency, Efficiency and Cost Reduction 3

Hybrid Blockchain and IoT Driven Framework for Supply Chain ...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Pradeep Kumar, S. Basha, C.H. Hussaian Prasath, C. Arun Amirthayogam, G. Lathif, Syed Ismail Abdul Leelavathi, R. Rajalakshmi Engineering College Computer Science Design Department Thandalam Chennai602105 India Sr University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Warangal506371 India Mahendra Engineering College Department of Ece Namakkal637503 India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600062 India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems Chennai603203 India Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Erode638012 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Blockchain technology represents a modern supply chain management revolution which fixes operational challenges while providing enhanced transparency at reduced costs. The research develops HB-SCOF (Hybrid Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain Optimization Framework) which combines blockchain self-verification databases with automatic smart contracts to maintain continuous supply chain observation and evaluate data credibility. The framework integrates tamper-proof transaction tracking mechanisms with unified supply chain network connectivity for securing data transmission as a trust delivery method through unbreakable shared databases. The retail-industry case study demonstrated a 25% decrease in expenses stemming from agency elimination alongside enhanced flow management and better stock distribution. The system demonstrates its effectiveness through assessments of key performance indicators including transaction speed and data accuracy together with business cost efficiency. This part looks at implementation methods through training stakeholders in addition to transforming organizational policies which produce successful outcomes. Blockchain technology labs verify its capability to enhance supply chain management efficiency while showing realistic deployment methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Fast Hyperspectral Neutron Tomography

IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging

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IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging 2025年 11卷 663-677页

作者： Chowdhury, Mohammad Samin Nur Yang, Diyu Tang, Shimin Venkatakrishnan, Singanallur V. Bilheux, Hassina Z. Buzzard, Gregery T. Bouman, Charles A. Purdue University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering West Lafayette47907 United States Apple Inc. CupertinoCA95014 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Neutron Scattering Division Oak RidgeTN37830 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Electrical and Engineering Infrastructure Division Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Purdue University Department of Mathematics West Lafayette47907 United States

Hyperspectralneutron computed tomography is a tomographic imaging technique in which thousands of wavelength-specific neutron radiographs are measured for each tomographic view. In conventional hyperspectral reconstruction, data from each neutron wavelength bin are reconstructed separately, which is extremely time-consuming. These reconstructions often suffer from poor quality due to low signal-to-noise ratios. Consequently, material decomposition based on these reconstructions tends to produce inaccurate estimates of the material spectra and erroneous volumetric material separation. In this paper, we present two novel algorithms for processing hyperspectral neutron data: fast hyperspectral reconstruction and fast material decomposition. Both algorithms rely on a subspace decomposition procedure that transforms hyperspectral views into low-dimensional projection views within an intermediate subspace, where tomographic reconstruction is performed. The use of subspace decomposition dramatically reduces reconstruction time while reducing both noise and reconstruction artifacts. We apply our algorithms to both simulated and measured neutron data and demonstrate that they reduce computation and improve the quality of the results relative to conventional methods. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Non-negative matrix factorization

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Automated explainable and interpretable framework for anomaly detection and human activity recognition in smart homes

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-14页

作者： Kim, Tae Hoon Ojo, Stepehn Krichen, Moez Alamro, Meznah A. Mihoub, Alaeddine Sampedro, Gabriel Avelino School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology No. 318 Zhejiang Hangzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Anderson Anderson University AndersonSC29621 United States Al-Baha University Al-Baha65528 Saudi Arabia ReDCAD Laboratory University of Sfax Sfax3038 Tunisia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Science Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University Riyadh11564 Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business and Economics Qassim University P.O. Box: 6640 Buraidah51452 Saudi Arabia College of Computer Studies De La Salle University 2401 Taft Ave. Malate Manila1004 Philippines Faculty of Information and Communication Studies University of the Philippines Open University Los Baños4031 Philippines

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for activity recognition and anomaly detection in smart home environments, targeting applications in convenience, efficiency, responsiveness, and healthcare. The proposed framework incorporates explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to interpret feature impacts on learning models and optimize feature selection for activity recognition and anomaly detection. The study examines the recognition of two activity sets: Activities Set I, comprising 8 activities, and Activities Set II, comprising 11 activities. Various machine learning models (random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and XGBoost (XGB)) are employed, along with an ensemble voting classifier (EVC) with these machine learning. EVC achieved 91% accuracy for Activities Set I and 90–91% accuracy for Activities Set II. The model demonstrated strong precision, recall, and F1-score across most classes. For anomaly detection, the Isolation Forest and H2O Isolation Forest Estimator algorithms are utilized to uncover irregularities in daily routines. The Isolation Forest identified anomalies in activities such as chores and desk-related tasks, while the H2O Isolation Forest Estimator detected no anomalies in either activity set. This study underscores the potential of the proposed framework to enhance smart home functionality and highlights avenues for future research and system improvements. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Wireless Semantic Communication Based on Probability Distribution: An Initial Work

Wireless Semantic Communication Based on Probability Distrib...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Qingxiang Luo Yashuang Guo Aoran Zheng Zhitong Ni F. Richard Yu Victor C.M. Leung School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Big Data Technologies Centre University of Technology Sydney Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

In the paper, we consider the general semantic transmission in wireless networks based on probability distribution. Firstly, we extract a multidimensional semantic probability distribution function, independent of any a specific wireless channel model, by using the variational inference technique. Secondly, we propose a new semantic similarity metric for measuring the difference between the received semantics and the expected semantics based on Kullback-Leibler divergence. Then, we formulate the semantic transmission problem as an optimization problem of transmission symbol adjustment with the aim to maximize the semantic similarity. Finally, we develop an optimal semantic transformation and transmission (STT) algorithm to obtain the optimal transmission symbol adjustment decision. This decision makes the closed-form expression of semantic transmission symbol available, which can realize lossless semantic transmission with energy constraint. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed STT algorithm.

关键词： Measurement Wireless networks Simulation Semantics Symbols Semantic communication Propagation losses Probability distribution Robustness Optimization

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