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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年

作者： Poojari, Srijal Shekhar Lee, Jaxon Paley, Derek A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

This paper describes the development of a self-driving e-scooter with the ability to safely travel without a rider along a pre-planned route using automated onboard control. Ride-share electric scooters are an alternative to walking or driving, but they are often ineffective or a nuisance due to their placement after usage. An autonomous driving framework specific to an e-scooter, including path planning and state estimation, enables short-distance repositioning and parking. This paper describes the framework’s hardware and software components along with design choices and pitfalls. We also present results of real-world autonomous navigation, including the effectiveness of our localization methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Optimal DC Motor Speed Control Comparison

Optimal DC Motor Speed Control Comparison

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International Conference on electrical and computer engineering (ICECE)

作者： Md Khurram Monir Rabby Asiful Islam Bhuiyan Department of Computer Systems Technology North Carolina A&T State University USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina A&T State University USA Institute of Information & Communication Technology Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology Bangladesh Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798331531782

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507923

The study compares the Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) controller with other widely used control strategies, including Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controllers for optimal speed control of DC motors, focusing on its effectiveness in maintaining precise motor shaft rotation. The DC motor and controllers are tested in the MATLAB software in terms of standard performance metrics such as Steady-state Error (SSE), Rise Time (Tr), Settling Time (Ts), Overshoot (OS), Control Input Saturation, Integral of Absolute Error (IAE), Integral of Squared Error (ISE), Integral of Time-weighted Absolute Error (ITAE), and Control Effort. The results indicate that the LQT controller provides comparable performance, achieving near zero SSE, minimal overshoot, moderate rise and settling times, and efficient control effort. Although the PID controller provides the fastest response time, it is less suitable for applications that require stability and efficiency due to its significant overshoot and high control effort. The LQR controller, while highly energy-efficient, offers slower response times and incurs a slightly higher $S S E$, making it ideal for energy-conservation-focused applications. In contrast, the LQT controller exhibits a well-balanced performance in multiple measures, excelling in processing step input signals with zero error.

关键词： Shafts Regulators Velocity control Process control DC motors Software Steady-state Time factors PD control Standards

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Single plasmonic exceptional point nanoantenna coupled to a photonic integrated circuit sensor

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Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 632-641页

作者： KAMYAR BEHROUZI ZHANNI WU LIWEI LIN BOUBACAR KANTE Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center(BSAC) BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA

Point-of-care sensors are pivotal for early disease diagnosis,significantly advancing global *** plasmons,the collective oscillations of free electrons under electromagnetic excitation,have been widely studied for biosensing due to their electromagnetic field enhancements at sub-wavelength *** introduce a plasmonic biosensor on a compact photonic integrated circuit(PIC)enhanced by exceptional points(EPs).EPs,singularities in non-Hermitian optical systems,provide extreme sensitivity to external *** emerge when two or more complex resonating modes merge into a single degenerate *** demonstrate an EP in a single coupled nanoantenna particle positioned in a uniquely designed silicon nitride slot-waveguide,which we call a *** laterally shifting two optically coupled gold nanobars of different lengths,we achieve a single particle *** junction-waveguide enables efficient coupling of the plasmonic nanoantenna to the waveguide *** system integrates a four-port Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI),allowing for simultaneous measurements of the amplitude and phase of EP,facilitating highly accurate real-time eigenvalue *** biosensing,we encapsulated the detection zone with a microchannel,enabling low-volume and simple sample *** single particle integrated EP sensor demonstrates superior sensitivity compared to the corresponding linear diabolic point(DP)system under both local and bulk sensing schemes,even at large *** studies revealed that the integrated EP sensor can detect a single molecule captured by the nanobars with the average size ranging from 10 to 100 *** proposed EP biosensor,with its extreme sensitivity,compact form,and real-time phase sensing capabilities,provides an approach for detecting and quantifying various biomarkers such as proteins and nucleic acids,offering a unique platform for early disease diagnosis.

关键词： electromagnetic field enhancements photonic integrated circuit plasmonic biosensor collective oscillations free electrons biosensor surface plasmons plasmonic exceptional point compact photonic integrated circuit pic enhanced

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SKGHOI: Spatial-Semantic Knowledge Graph for Human-Object Interaction Detection

SKGHOI: Spatial-Semantic Knowledge Graph for Human-Object In...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDM Workshops)

作者： Lijing Zhu Qizhen Lan Alvaro Velasquez Houbing Song Acharya Kamal Qing Tian Shuteng Niu Department of Computer Science Bowling Green State University Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder Department of Information Systems University of Maryland Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Human-Object Interaction (HOI) detection is a challenging computer vision task that aims to recognize and understand the interactions between humans and objects in images or videos. Existing techniques heavily rely on appearance-based features and computationally expensive transformer models for semantic representation. In this paper, we propose SKGHOI (Spatial-Semantic Knowledge Graph for HOI), a novel graph-based approach that efficiently captures semantic representation by integrating spatial and semantic knowledge. SKGHOI constructs a graph with interaction components as nodes and spatial relationships as edges. Our approach leverages spatial and semantic encoders to extract spatial and semantic information, which are then fused to create a knowledge graph that captures the semantic representation of HOIs. Compared to existing methods, SKGHOI offers computational efficiency and the incorporation of prior knowledge, making it practical for real-world applications. Experimental evaluations on the widely-used HICO-DET datasets demonstrate that SKGHOI outperforms state-of-the-art graph-based methods by a significant margin, showcasing its effectiveness and potential for improving the accuracy and efficiency of HOI detection.

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6th Place Solution to Google Universal Image Embedding

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Gkelios, Socratis Kastellos, Anestis Chatzichristofis, Savvas A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Greece Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Neapolis University Pafos Cyprus

This paper presents the 6th place solution to the Google Universal Image Embedding competition on Kaggle. Our approach is based on the CLIP architecture;a powerful pre-trained model used to learn visual representations from natural language supervision. We also utilized the SubCenter ArcFace loss with dynamic margins to improve the distinctive power of class separability and embeddings. Finally, a diverse dataset has been created based on the test’s set categories and the leaderboard’s feedback. By carefully crafting a training scheme to enhance transfer learning, our submission scored 0.685 on the private leaderboard. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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Intelligent Duty Cycling Management and Wake-up for Energy Harvesting IoT Networks with Correlated Activity 58

Intelligent Duty Cycling Management and Wake-up for Energy H...

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58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, systems and computers, ACSSC 2024

作者： Ruíz-Guirola, David E. López, Onel L. A. Montejo-Sánchez, Samuel Leyva Mayorga, Israel Han, Zhu Popovski, Petar University of Oulu Centre for Wireless Communications Oulu Finland Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana Santiago Chile Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg Denmark University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354058

This paper presents an approach for energy-neutral Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios where the IoT devices (IoTDs) operate solely on harvested energy. We use a Markov chain to represent the operation and transmission states of the IoTDs, a modulated Poisson process to model their energy harvesting process, and a discrete-time Markov chain to model their battery state. The aim is to efficiently manage the duty cycling of the IoTDs, so as to prolong their battery life and reduce instances of low-energy availability. We propose a duty-cycling management based on K-nearest neighbors, aiming to strike a trade-off between energy efficiency and detection accuracy. This is done by incorporating spatial and temporal correlations among IoTDs ' activity, as well as their energy harvesting capabilities. We also allow the base station to wake up specific IoTDs if more information about an event is needed upon initial detection. Our proposed scheme shows significant improvements in energy savings and performance, with up to 11 times lower misdetection probability and 50% lower energy consumption compared to a random duty cycling benchmark. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Markov chains

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Evaluation of the Improvement in Hierarchical Lossless Video Compression 9

Evaluation of the Improvement in Hierarchical Lossless Video...

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9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies, CoDIT 2023

作者： Ammous, Donia Kessentini, Amina Khlif, Naziha Kammoun, Fahmi Masmoudi, Nouri National Engineering School of Sfax Sfax University Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technologies Electrical Engineering Department Road Soukra Km 3.5 BP 3038 Sfax Tunisia Higher Institute of Computer and Multimedia of Gabes Gabes University Electronics and Telecommunications Department BP 122 Gabes Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311402

The digital medical video is widely used in several healthcare institutions and medical centers. Therefore, a considerable storage space and a high transmission bandwidth are necessary. Thus, efficient compression tools are required to reduce the storage space and fit bandwidth capacities. Indeed, several lossy and lossless compression techniques are applied. Lossy techniques ensure a good performance. But they lead to erroneous medical data, which can negatively affect the doctor's decisions about the patient's health conditions. As a result, lossless compression guarantees an optimal solution for medical applications. Among available lossless techniques, H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) presents high coding performance in lossless compression. H.264/AVC was chosen since it simplicity in terms of computational complexity. It is suitable for mobile devices that require high resolution. In this paper, several techniques used with the H.264/AVC are discussed. Moreover, a new approach is applied to enhance the lossless techniques. Its results show an important compression ratio compared to the previous works. The enhanced method results in an increase in compression ratio from 8,429 to 16,159. Besides, the gain performance reaches from 32,625 to 42.074 %. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Medical applications

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Automatic Watering System for Smart Agriculture using ESP32 Platform 8

Automatic Watering System for Smart Agriculture using ESP32 ...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Applications, ICSIMA 2022

作者： Gunawan, Teddy Surya Kamarudin, Nur Najiehah Kartiwi, Mira Effendi, Mufid Ridlo International Islamic University Malaysia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia Information Systems Department Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia Uin Sunan Gunung Djati Department of Electrical Engineering Bandung40614 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9781665488006

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488006

Agriculture can be transformed into smart agriculture due to the advanced wireless network and the Internet of Things (IoT). As the human population increases, so does the demand for crops. With real-time monitoring, a smart agriculture system's awareness of soil moisture measurement, humidity, and environmental temperature will increase food security. In addition, smart agriculture can increase crop yield, reduce water waste, and boost productivity. In light of this, this study proposes smart agriculture, which employs sensor-based monitoring in real-time without human intervention. Users have direct access to real-time data, and all sensor data is recorded and monitored at all times and from anywhere within the internet's coverage area. The development of a mobile application facilitates growth monitoring and user access to data. This research measures yield-affecting agricultural factors such as soil moisture, humidity, and temperature. Nonetheless, monitoring environmental factors is crucial to increasing crop yields. The experiment was conducted on two chili plants, one with an automation system and one without, which were manually watered once daily at 7:00 a.m. It is estimated that the plant with the system can maintain the optimal moisture level, whereas the other plant's moisture measurement continues to decrease. Compared to manual watering, automatic watering also results in accelerated plant growth. Consequently, a smart agriculture system is anticipated to improve plant growth and system efficiency. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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On Improved Commutation for Moving-Magnet Planar Actuators

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Broens, Yorick Butler, Hans Tóth, Roland The Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands ASML Veldhoven Netherlands The Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungary

The demand for high-precision and high-throughput motion control systems has increased significantly in recent years. The use of moving-magnet planar actuators (MMPAs) is gaining popularity due to their advantageous characteristics, such as complete environmental decoupling and reduction of stage mass. Nonetheless, model-based commutation techniques for MMPAs are compromised by misalignment between the mover and coil array and mismatch between the ideal electromagnetic model and the physical system, often leading to decreased system performance. To address this issue, a novel improved commutation approach is proposed in this paper, which is applicable for general planar motor applications, by means of dynamic regulation of the position dependence of the ideal model-based commutation algorithm, which allows for attenuation of magnetic misalignment, manufacturing inaccuracies and other unmodelled phenomena. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through experiments using a state-of-the-art moving-magnet planar actuator *** Codes 37M15 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Alignment

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Implicit Neural Compression of Point Clouds

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ruan, Hongning Shao, Yulin Yang, Qianqian Zhao, Liang Zhang, Zhaoyang Niyato, Dusit Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Point clouds have gained prominence in numerous applications due to their ability to accurately depict 3D objects and scenes. However, compressing unstructured, high-precision point cloud data effectively remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose NeRC3, a novel point cloud compression framework leveraging implicit neural representations to handle both geometry and attributes. Our approach employs two coordinate-based neural networks to implicitly represent a voxelized point cloud: the first determines the occupancy status of a voxel, while the second predicts the attributes of occupied voxels. By feeding voxel coordinates into these networks, the receiver can efficiently reconstructs the original point cloud’s geometry and attributes. The neural network parameters are quantized and compressed alongside auxiliary information required for reconstruction. Additionally, we extend our method to dynamic point cloud compression with techniques to reduce temporal redundancy, including a 4D spatial-temporal representation termed 4D-NeRC3. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our approach: for static point clouds, NeRC3 outperforms octree-based methods in the latest G-PCC standard. For dynamic point clouds, 4D-NeRC3 demonstrates superior geometry compression compared to state-of-the-art G-PCC and V-PCC standards and achieves competitive results for joint geometry and attribute compression. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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