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Towards an ultrafast 3D imaging scanning LiDAR system:a review

Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1709-1729页

作者： ZHI LI YAQI HAN LICAN WU ZIHAN ZANG MAOLIN DAI SZE YUN SET SHINJI YAMASHITA QIAN LI H.Y.FU Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of TokyoTokyo 153-8904Japan School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Light detection and ranging(LiDAR),as a hot imaging technology in both industry and academia,has undergone rapid innovation and *** current mainstream direction is towards system miniaturization and *** are many metrics that can be used to evaluate the performance of a LiDAR system,such as lateral resolution,ranging accuracy,stability,size,and *** recently,with the continuous enrichment of LiDAR application scenarios,the pursuit of imaging speed has attracted tremendous research ***,for autonomous vehicles running on motorways or industrial automation applications,the imaging speed of LiDAR systems is a critical *** this review,we will focus on discussing the upper speed limit of the LiDAR *** on the working mechanism,the limitation of optical parts on the maximum imaging speed is *** beam scanner has the greatest impact on imaging *** provide the working principle of current popular beam scanners used in LiDAR systems and summarize the main constraints on the scanning ***,we highlight the spectral scanning LiDAR as a new paradigm of ultrafast ***,to further improve the imaging speed,we then review the parallel detection methods,which include multiple-detector schemes and multiplexing ***,we summarize the LiDAR systems with the fastest point acquisition rate reported *** the outlook,we address the current technical challenges for ultrafast LiDAR systems from different aspects and give a brief analysis of the feasibility of different approaches.

关键词： LiDAR scanner system

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Accelerate Processing of Image with the Keccak-512 Algorithm on Cryptoprocessor

Accelerate Processing of Image with the Keccak-512 Algorithm...

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South Eastern European Design Automation, computer engineering, computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM)

作者： Argyrios Sideris Theodora Sanida Maria Vasiliki Sanida Michael Dossis Minas Dasygenis Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Department of Digital Systems University of Piraeus Piraeus Greece

Image hashing is a crucial technique for content authentication and image retrieval in various applications, including multimedia databases and copyright protection. This study introduces a novel approach to image hashing that leverages the capabilities of FPGAs and harnesses the cryptographic strength and computational efficiency of the Keccak-512 algorithm. Our experimentations were conducted on the Intel Arria 10 GX FPGA board, and the versatile Nios II enhanced micropro-cessor. The results gleaned from these experiments underscore the tremendous potential of our FPGA-based image-hashing approach. It presents an alluring solution, merging efficiency with security, effectively addressing the burgeoning demands for content authentication and image integrity verification across diverse image-centric applications. This approach provides a powerful tool for addressing the increasing demand for image authentication and integrity verification in the digital age.

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Novel Integrated Ferromagnetic-Conductor (IFC) Multilayered Shield Layer for Parasitic Reduction in Power Modules

Novel Integrated Ferromagnetic-Conductor (IFC) Multilayered ...

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2025 IEEE International Workshop on Integrated Power Packaging, IWIPP 2025

作者： Sinha, Sourish S. Hopkins, Douglas C. Ford Motor Company Department of Electric Machine Drive Systems Dearborn United States North Carolina State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Raleigh United States

Modern power modules increase power density of converters by incorporating Wide Bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices, which minimize switching losses during rapid transients. However, WBG devices are susceptible to power loop parasitics that can lead to voltage overshoot and electromagnetic interference (EMI). This study presents a novel packaging technique using Power Module Integrated Ferromagnetic-Conductor (IFC)-based multilayer shields to reduce parasitic loop inductance, providing better near field emissions protection than traditional conductor shields. Results show that a 0.3 oz Nickel ferromagnetic shield on Copper reduces loop inductance by approximately 2%, 6.8%, and 4.3% for 40, 120, and 300 μm thick dielectrics at 100 kHz, respectively. Additionally, reductions in magnetic flux density reached about 64% for 40 μm and 76% for 300 μm at 10 kHz, and 60% for 40 μm and 54% for 300 μm at 400 kHz. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wide band gap semiconductors

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Three Degree-of-Freedom Soft Continuum Kinesthetic Haptic Display for Telemanipulation Via Sensory Substitution at the Finger

Three Degree-of-Freedom Soft Continuum Kinesthetic Haptic Di...

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Telepresence, IEEE Conference on

作者： Jiaji Su Kaiwen Zuo Zonghe Chua Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331528249

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528256

Sensory substitution is an effective approach for displaying stable haptic feedback to a teleoperator under time delay. The finger is highly articulated, and can sense movement and force in many directions, making it a promising location for sensory substitution based on kinesthetic feedback. However, existing finger kinesthetic devices either provide only one-degree-of-freedom feedback, are bulky, or have low force output. Soft pneumatic actuators have high power density, making them suitable for realizing high force kinesthetic feedback in a compact form factor. We present a soft pneumatic handheld kinesthetic feedback device for the index finger that is controlled using a constant curvature kinematic model. It has respective position and force ranges of ±3.18mm and ±1.00N laterally, and ±4.89mm and ±6.01N vertically, indicating its high power density and compactness. The average open-loop radial position and force accuracy of the kinematic model are 0.72mm and 0.34 N. Its 3 Hz bandwidth makes it suitable for moderate speed haptic interactions in soft environments. We demonstrate the three-dimensional kinesthetic force feedback capability of our device for sensory substitution at the index figure in a virtual telemanipulation scenario.

关键词： Pneumatic actuators Power system measurements Teleoperators Telepresence Density measurement Force Force feedback Fingers Kinematics Indexes

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An Efficiency CNN Solution for Olive Disease Management Through FPGA

An Efficiency CNN Solution for Olive Disease Management Thro...

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South Eastern European Design Automation, computer engineering, computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM)

作者： Theodora Sanida Argyrios Sideris Maria Vasiliki Sanida Michael Dossis Minas Dasygenis Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Department of Digital Systems University of Piraeus Piraeus Greece

Olives, one of the world's oldest and most significant cultivated crops, face persistent threats from various diseases, devastatingly affecting olive production and quality. In this era of technological advancement, the integration of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has emerged as a promising tool for the early and accurate identification of diseases in agricultural crops. This work presents a novel solution of CNNs for the automated identification of diseases in olive plants in 3 categories (aculus olearius healthy and olive peacock spot). To further enhance the practicality and real-time applicability of the proposed system, an implementation of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) is explored. This study delves into the FPGA-based deployment of the CNN solution, optimizing its computational efficiency for on-site disease diagnosis with a 98.82% accuracy rate. The results of this study reveal the potential of CNNs in revolutionizing olive disease management, enabling early intervention and precise treatment. Additionally, the FPGA implementation demonstrates the feasibility of deploying such advanced models where immediate decision-making is crucial for crop protection. This analysis paves the way for sustainable olive cultivation practices, ensuring the longevity and resilience of this invaluable crop in the face of evolving disease challenges.

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A Survey: Collaborative Hardware and Software Design in the Era of Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Cong Cheng, Feng Du, Zhixu Kiessling, James Ku, Jonathan Li, Shiyu Li, Ziru Ma, Mingyuan Molom-Ochir, Tergel Morris, Benjamin Shan, Haoxuan Sun, Jingwei Wang, Yitu Wei, Chiyue Wu, Xueying Wu, Yuhao Yang, Hao Frank Zhang, Jingyang Zhang, Junyao Zheng, Qilin Zhou, Guanglei Li, Hai Chen, Yiran The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27705 United States The Department of Civil and Systems Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the field of artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and moving towards multi-modal functionality. These models are increasingly integrated into diverse applications, impacting both research and industry. However, their development and deployment present substantial challenges, including the need for extensive computational resources, high energy consumption, and complex software optimizations. Unlike traditional deep learning systems, LLMs require unique optimization strategies for training and inference, focusing on system-level efficiency. This paper surveys hardware and software co-design approaches specifically tailored to address the unique characteristics and constraints of large language models. This survey analyzes the challenges and impacts of LLMs on hardware and algorithm research, exploring algorithm optimization, hardware design, and system-level innovations. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the trade-offs and considerations in LLM-centric computing systems, guiding future advancements in AI. Finally, we summarize the existing efforts in this space and outline future directions toward realizing production-grade co-design methodologies for the next generation of large language models and AI systems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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LIGHTWEIGHT DATASET FOR DECOY DEVELOPMENT TO IMPROVE IOT SECURITY

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Weissman, David Jayasumana, Anura P. Department of Systems Engineering Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO United States

In this paper, the authors introduce a lightweight dataset to interpret IoT (Internet of Things) activity in preparation to create decoys by replicating known data traffic patterns. The dataset comprises different scenarios in a real network setting. This paper also surveys information related to other IoT datasets along with the characteristics that make our data valuable. Many of the datasets available are synthesized (simulated) or often address industrial applications, while the IoT dataset we present is based on likely smart home scenarios. Further, there are only a limited number of IoT datasets that contain both normal operation and attack scenarios. A discussion of the network configuration and the steps taken to prepare this dataset are presented as we prepare to create replicative patterns for decoy purposes. The dataset, which we refer to as IoT Flex Data, consists of four categories, namely, IoT benign idle, IoT benign active, IoT setup, and malicious (attack) traffic associating the IoT devices with the scenarios under consideration. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Finite-State Semi-Markov Channels for Nanopore Sequencing

Finite-State Semi-Markov Channels for Nanopore Sequencing

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Brendon McBain Emanuele Viterbo James Saunderson Department of Electrical &#x0026 Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781665421591

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421607

Nanopore sequencing is an emerging DNA sequencing technology that has been proposed for use in DNA storage systems. We propose the noisy nanopore channel model for nanopore sequencing. This model captures duplications, inter-symbol interference, and noisy measurements by concatenating an i.i.d. duplication channel with a finite-state semi-Markov channel. Compared to previous models, this channel models the dominant distortions of the nanopore while remaining tractable. Anticipating future coding schemes, we derive MAP detection algorithms and estimate achievable rates. Given that finite-state semi-Markov channels are a subclass of channels with memory, we conjecture that the achievable rate of the noisy nanopore channel can be optimised using a variation of the generalised Blahut-Arimoto algorithm.

关键词： Sequential analysis Viterbi algorithm DNA Reliability theory Distortion Encoding Noise measurement

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Analysis of Guard-Gates on FF SEU Rates at a 12-nm FinFET Node

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 2025年

作者： Elash, Christopher J. Xing, Jiesi Momen, Peiman Pour Ramaswami, Devin Lambert, Dylan Lu, Harris Li, Zongru Wen, Shi-Jie Fung, Rita Chen, Li University of Saskatchewan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SaskatoonSKS7N 5A9 Canada Cisco Systems San JoseCA95134 United States

This paper studies the Soft Error Rates (SER) of latches by using different delay lengths in guard-gate based Flip-Flop (FF) designs at a 12-nm FinFET technology node. Three FFs are designed by using the guard-gate structure with varying delay elements (2, 4, 6 inverter delays), along with a standard reference FF. The FFs were connected in chains and fabricated on a test chip, which was tested with alpha particles, heavy ions, and protons. Results indicate that single event upset rates can be reduced with the guard-gate structure during alpha particle irradiation. However, the guard-gate designs only show slight SER improvement over the reference design for moderate and high LET ranges. Through TCAD simulations, it is shown that the single event transient pulse widths for moderate to high LET particles can be significantly longer than the delay-element propagation times. As well, guard-gate designs experience a strong dependance on data input patterns in regard to SER, which is due to uneven charge collection in PMOS and NMOS devices at this node. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： FinFET

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Assessing Distributed Energy Resource Hosting Capacity Under Different Grid-Tie Inverter Control Strategies

Assessing Distributed Energy Resource Hosting Capacity Under...

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Workshop on Communication Networks and Power systems (WCNPS)

作者： Brenda L. M. Santos Luciano S. Barros Daniel Barbosa Fernando A. Moreira Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil Computer Systems Department Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil

Despite the potential benefits that the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) can bring to the system, it may cause problems related to power quality constraints, such $as$ reverse power flow in substation and overvoltages. An effective approach to address these problems involves the adoption of reactive and active power control in grid-tie inverters associated with DER. Therefore, this paper assesses the impacts of grid-tie inverter control modes, including both Volt-Var and Volt-Watt strategies, on the DER hosting capacity. In order to improve the overall system operation, modifications in the Volt-Var and Volt-Watt curves were proposed. It is noteworthy that these control strategies can have adverse effects on certain distribution system performance indicators, such $as$ voltage deviation and power losses; for this reason, these indicators are also evaluated in this study. A stochastic approach was adopted to deal with the uncertainties associated with DERs and loads. Finally, from tests conducted in the IEEE 33-bus test system, it was concluded that the proper adjustment of the Volt-Var and Volt-Watt control curves significantly influences DER hosting capacity, $as$ well $as$ voltage deviation and power losses.

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