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Proceedings of the 55th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture

作者： Jawad Haj Yahya Haris Volos Davide B. Bartolini Georgia Antoniou Jeremie S. Kim Zhe Wang Kleovoulos Kalaitzidis Tom Rollet Zhirui Chen Ye Geng Onur Mutlu Yiannakis Sazeides Rivos Inc Mountain View California United States Computer Architecture Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus Computing Systems Lab Huawei Zurich Research Center Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462723

User-facing applications running in modern datacenters exhibit irregular request patterns and are implemented using a multitude of services with tight latency requirements (30--250μs). These characteristics render existing energy-conserving techniques ineffective when processors are idle due to the long transition time (order of 100μs) from a deep CPU core idle power state (C-state). While prior works propose management techniques to mitigate this inefficiency, we tackle it at its root with AgileWatts (AW): a new deep CPU core C-state architecture optimized for datacenter server processors targeting latency-sensitive *** drastically reduces the transition latency from deep CPU core idle power states while retaining most of their power savings based on three key ideas. First, AW eliminates the latency (several microseconds) of saving/restoring the core context when powering-off/-on the core in a deep idle state by i) implementing medium-grained power-gates, carefully distributed across the CPU core, and ii) retaining context in the power-ungated domain. Second, AW eliminates the flush latency (several tens of microseconds) of the L1/L2 caches when entering a deep idle state by keeping L1/L2 content power-ungated. A small control logic also remains ungated to serve cache coherence traffic. AW implements cache sleep-mode and leakage reduction for the power-ungated domain by lowering a core's voltage to the minimum operational level. Third, using a state-of-the-art power efficient all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) clock generator, AW keeps the PLL active and locked during the idle state, cutting microseconds of wake-up latency at negligible power *** evaluation with an accurate industrial-grade simulator calibrated against an Intel Skylake server shows that AW reduces the energy consumption of Memcached by up to 71% (35% on average) with <1% end-to-end performance degradation. We observe similar trends for other evaluated services (MySQL and Kafka).

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Evaluating Non-Expert Stakeholder Interaction with Artificial Intelligence on Energy Urban Domain Using VIRTSI: The Case of ChatGPT

Evaluating Non-Expert Stakeholder Interaction with Artificia...

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International Conference on Information, Intelligence, systems and Applications (IISA)

作者： George A. Tsihrintzis Elissaios Sarmas Vangelis Marinakis Dimitrios Panagoulias Evangelia-Aikaterini Tsihrintzi Maria Virvou Department of Informatics University of Piraeus Piraeus Greece Decision Support Systems Laboratory School of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Informatics and Telecommunicatios National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece

ISBN: (数字)9798350368833

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368840

This paper investigates the interaction of non-expert stakeholders with Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the energy urban domain, using the VIRTSI model and focusing on the capabilities of ChatGPT. VIRTSI (Variability and Impact of Reciprocal Trust States towards Intelligent systems), is a rigorous computational model for human-AI Interaction that simulates human trust states, spanning from overtrust to distrust, through user modelling and quantifies the efficiency of the interaction in VIRTSI-adapted confusion matrices. The research employed an 16-question survey, evaluating the accuracy and usefulness of ChatGPT's responses regarding energy consumption, cost-effective solutions, and renewable energy production for residential buildings in Greece. Each answer was assessed by human stakeholders who were non-expert in the energy Urban Domain (e.g house owners, building managers, etc.), who either accepted or rejected the responses based on validation processes. The analysis highlighted key aspects such as repetition, specification, and objections in the interaction with ChatGPT, offering insights into the effectiveness of AI in supporting energy-related decisions. The findings reveal that while AI can provide valuable information, user validation and expert consultation are critical for practical implementation. This highlights both the potential and limitations of integrating AI tools like ChatGPT in enhancing non-expert stakeholder engagement and decision-making in urban energy management, emphasizing the ongoing need for human expert involvement.

关键词： Surveys Renewable energy sources Accuracy Computational modeling Decision making Buildings Chatbots Stakeholders Artificial intelligence Energy management

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A Material Identification Approach Based on Wi-Fi Signal

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 3383-3397页

作者： Chao Li Fan Li Wei Du Lihua Yin Bin Wang Chonghua Wang Tianjie Luo Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510700China PCL Research Center of Cyberspace Security Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen518052China Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering University of ArkansasFayetteville72701USA College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040China

Material identification is a technology that can help to identify the type of target *** approaches depend on expensive instruments,complicated pre-treatments and professional *** is difficult to find a substantial yet effective material identification method to meet the daily use *** this paper,we introduce a Wi-Fi-signal based material identification approach by measuring the amplitude ratio and phase difference as the key features in the material classifier,which can significantly reduce the cost and guarantee a high level *** practical measurement of WiFi based material identification,these two features are commonly interrupted by the software/hardware noise of the channel state information(CSI).To eliminate the inherent noise of CSI,we design a denoising method based on the antenna array of the commercial off-the-shelf(COTS)Wi-Fi *** that,the amplitude ratios and phase differences can be more stably utilized to classify the *** implement our system and evaluate its ability to identify materials in indoor *** result shows that our system can identify 10 commonly seen liquids with an average accuracy of 98.8%.It can also identify similar liquids with an overall accuracy higher than 95%,such as various concentrations of salt water.

关键词： Internet of Things Wi-Fi signal channel state information material identification noise elimination

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Design and Implementation of a Compact CPW-Fed UWB Monopole Antenna 2

Design and Implementation of a Compact CPW-Fed UWB Monopole ...

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2nd International Conference on Advanced electrical engineering, ICAEE 2022

作者： Mokhtari, Mokhtar Mansoul, Ali Challal, Mouloud Oussaid, Rachid Usthb Telecom Division Cdta Faculty of Electronics and Computer Science Algiers Algeria Telecom Division Cdta Algiers Algeria Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University m'Hamed Bougara - Boumerdes Signals and Systems Laboratory Boumerdes Algeria Usthb Faculty of Electronics and Computer Sciences Algiers Algeria

ISBN: (数字)9781665417419

ISBN: (纸本)9781665417419

In this paper, a compact ultra-wideband patch antenna is presented and discussed. The antenna, printed on Rogers RT5580, consists of leaf-shaped radiating element excited through tapered coplanar waveguide feed line, and semi-elliptical partial ground plane. It covers a frequency range starting from 2.8 to 15.1 GHz. The antenna prototype is fabricated, and a good agreement is obtained between the experimental and simulation results indicating that the proposed structure, having a reasonably compact size of 20x32 mm2 is suitable for a wide variety of applications due to its large operating frequency. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Monopole antennas

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Individual Confidential Computing of Polynomials over Non-Uniform Information

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tarnopolsky, Saar Deng, Zirui Ramkumar, Vinayak Raviv, Netanel Cohen, Alejandro Faculty of ECE Technion Israel Department of Computer Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis United States Department of Electrical Engineering–Systems Tel Aviv University Israel

In this paper, we address the problem of secure distributed computation in scenarios where user data is not uniformly distributed, extending existing frameworks that assume uniformity, an assumption that is challenging to enforce in data for computation. Motivated by the pervasive reliance on single service providers for data storage and computation, we propose a privacy-preserving scheme that achieves information-theoretic security guarantees for computing polynomials over non-uniform data distributions. Our framework builds upon the concept of perfect subset privacy and employs linear hashing techniques to transform non-uniform data into approximately uniform distributions, enabling robust and secure computation. We derive leakage bounds and demonstrate that information leakage of any subset of user data to untrusted service providers, i.e., not only to colluding workers but also (and more importantly) to the admin, remains negligible under the proposed scheme. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Information leakage

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Limiting Co-location Effects of Antennas using Engineered Electromagnetic Structures

Limiting Co-location Effects of Antennas using Engineered El...

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2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022

作者： Mitra, Dipankar Braaten, Benjamin D. Allen, Jeffery Allen, Monica University of Wisconsin-la Crosse Department of Computer Science La CrosseWI United States North Dakota State University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department FargoND United States Munitions Air Force Research Laboratory Eglin AFB FL United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665496582

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496582

An application of engineered materials to control electromagnetic waves and shield devices to maintain antenna parameters in a highly scattering multiple-antenna environment is shown. In a multiple-antenna environment, where each antenna operates at different frequencies, the scattering effects can be significantly reduced by enclosing an individual antenna with an engineered electromagnetic structure operating at a wavelength higher than the source. Numerical simulations are performed in COMSOL Multiphysics to demonstrate the success of the proposed shielding technique involving two 2D line-dipole antennas and a cylindrical enclosure of engineered EM materials at microwave frequencies. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Dipole antennas

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Controllable Quantum Computing Privacy via Inherent Noises and Quantum Error Mitigation

Controllable Quantum Computing Privacy via Inherent Noises a...

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IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom)

作者： Keyi Ju Hui Zhong Xinyue Zhang Xiaoqi Qin Miao Pan State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State University Marietta GA

ISBN: (数字)9798331506209

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506216

Quantum computing has revolutionized the approach to solving complex problems and handling vast datasets. However, data leakage in quantum computing may present privacy risks. While differential privacy (DP) has been a classical solution to protect privacy by injecting artificial noises, the implementation of DP within the quantum domain remains an under-explored area. We observe that there is a potential to leverage the inherent noises generated by Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices during quantum operations for achieving DP in quantum computing. Given that these inherent noises are uncontrollable, we take the lead to utilize quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques to manage quantum differential privacy (QDP) protection levels. In our approach, we offer a tangible description of the "closeness" between neighboring quantum datasets and introduce a novel QDP definition based on observables of interest. Our simulations reveal that factors like the distance between neighboring quantum states and the number of circuit executions influence the privacy budget. Notably, by controlling the QEM samples while keeping the number of circuit executions fixed, QEM allows for substantial noise control to meet a desired privacy budget. Furthermore, we extend analysis from single-qubit to multiple qubits and discuss the impact of observables of interest on the privacy budget.

关键词： Privacy Differential privacy Quantum computing Prevention and mitigation Noise Qubit Quantum state Security Noise measurement Protection

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Once Read is Enough: Domain-specific Pretraining-free Language Models with Cluster-guided Sparse Experts for Long-tail Domain Knowledge 38

Once Read is Enough: Domain-specific Pretraining-free Langua...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Dong, Fang Chen, Mengyi Zhou, Jixian Shi, Yubin Chen, Yixuan Dong, Mingzhi Wang, Yujiang Li, Dongsheng Yang, Xiaochen Zhu, Rui Dick, Robert Lv, Qin Yang, Fan Lu, Tun Gu, Ning Shang, Li China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research Suzhou China University of Bath United Kingdom Microsoft Research Asia Shanghai China School of Mathematics & Statistics University of Glasgow United Kingdom Bayes Business School City St George's University of London United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder United States School of Microelectronics Fudan University China

Language models (LMs) only pretrained on a general and massive corpus usually cannot attain satisfying performance on domain-specific downstream tasks, and hence, applying domain-specific pretraining to LMs is a common and indispensable practice. However, domain-specific pretraining can be costly and time-consuming, hindering LMs' deployment in real-world applications. In this work, we consider the incapability to memorize domain-specific knowledge embedded in the general corpus with rare occurrences and "long-tail" distributions as the leading cause for pretrained LMs' inferior downstream performance. Analysis of Neural Tangent Kernels (NTKs) reveals that those long-tail data are commonly overlooked in the model's gradient updates and, consequently, are not effectively memorized, leading to poor domain-specific downstream performance. Based on the intuition that data with similar semantic meaning are closer in the embedding space, we devise a Cluster-guided Sparse Expert (CSE) layer to actively learn long-tail domain knowledge typically neglected in previous pretrained LMs. During pretraining, a CSE layer efficiently clusters domain knowledge together and assigns long-tail knowledge to designate extra experts. CSE is also a lightweight structure that only needs to be incorporated in several deep layers. With our training strategy, we found that during pretraining, data of long-tail knowledge gradually formulate isolated, "outlier" clusters in an LM's representation spaces, especially in deeper layers. Our experimental results show that only pretraining CSE-based LMs is enough to achieve superior performance than regularly pretrained-finetuned LMs on various downstream tasks, implying the prospects of domain-specific-pretraining-free language models. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Evaluation of Leakage Currents in Memristor Crossbar Arrays

Evaluation of Leakage Currents in Memristor Crossbar Arrays

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IEEE National Conference on Aerospace and Electronics (NAECON)

作者： Muana Kasongo Trond Ytterdal John Lee Maher Rizkalla Mukesh Kumar Electrical and Computer Engineering Department IUPUI Indianapolis USA Electronic systems Department Norwegian Institute of Technology Trondheim Norway Electrical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Indore Indore India

Memristors are novel electronic devices. Memristor-based crossbar arrays have gained a lot of attention for potential applications in nonvolatile memory, in-memory computing, logic design, neuromorphic computing systems, and neural networks. In this paper, we demonstrate the sneaky path current issue within a 3×3 crossbar array. 1T1M scheme has been used to reduce the leakage current. Integrating nMOS and pMOS devices in series with memristors in the crossbar array has optimized the leakage currents. The results show that nMOS devices reduce the leakage currents by 97.35%, whereas pMOS devices reduce the leakage currents by 92.20%. Thus, nMOS outperform pMOS devices in leakage currents optimization.

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Hybrid Energy Storage System with Power Surge Capabilities Utilizing Six-Port Converter for Cell Management

Hybrid Energy Storage System with Power Surge Capabilities U...

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Zeltser, Ilya Evzelman, Michael Beniaminson, Daniel Peretz, Mor M. Rafael Advanced Defence Systems LTD. Power Electronics Department P. O. Box 2250 Haifa31021 Israel Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering P. O. Box 653 Beer Sheva84105 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

A hybrid energy storage architecture that consists of energy storage string of cells, typically lithium batteries, and power surge capable string of cells, typically supercapacitors is presented. The major challenge - cells management in a multi string multi cell system is tackled in this work by introducing a novel six-port converter, which on one hand enables to balance individual cells across each of the strings, while on the other hand provides a low power means of shuttling the charge between the strings as necessary. The unique converter topology uses capacitive coupling between the cells on the same string, and near unity conversion ratio isolated transformer coupling between the energy and power strings, providing single conversion high efficiency balancing operation and cutting significantly on the number of required components. A simulation and experimental validation of the converter operation and hybrid energy architecture functionality is carried out on a laboratory prototype, and a good agreement is found between the theoretical analysis and experimental results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： balancing battery management Energy storage

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