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2001 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems, ISCAS 2001

作者： Rjoub, A. Alrousan, M. Jarrah, O. Koufopavlou, O. Faculty of Computer Technology and Infonnation Department of Computer Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan VLSI Design Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0780366859

A new low-power design method based on multiple low swing internal voltage values is proposed in this paper. It can be applied in logic circuits, which are designed with different logic family techniques such as Complementary Pass Transistor Logic (CPL), Domino Logic and Cascade Voltage Switch Logic (CVSL). The goal of this method is the reduction of the circuit power dissipation, with only a negligible increase in the area, without a reduction in the circuit operating speed. This is achieved with the replacement of a number of selected full swing voltage circuit components by low swing voltage components. The application of the proposed technique in a CPL 4-bit multiplier proved that 70% power dissipation reduction was achieved, with 30% area overhead, and no reduction in the circuit speed. © 2001 IEEE.

关键词： Design

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Issues associated with the development of a wide-area analysis and visualization environment

Issues associated with the development of a wide-area analys...

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39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS'06

作者： Stovall, John P. Kirby, Brendan J. Overbye, Thomas J. Thorp, James S. Phadke, Arun G. Engineering Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

ISBN: (纸本)0769525075

This paper provides a discussion of issues associated with the development of an environment for wide-area power system analysis and visualization. In particular, the paper considers issues associated with the exchange of information between regional transmission operators, the use of a unified state estimation and contingency analysis solution, and the visualization of the results. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power systems

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An artificial lateral line system using IPMC sensor arrays

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2012年第3期3卷 226-242页

作者： Ahmad T.Abdulsadda Xiaobo Tan Smart Microsystems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824 USA January 92012

Most fish and aquatic amphibians use the lateral line system,consisting of arrays of hair-like neuromasts,as an important sensory organ for prey/predator detection,communication,and *** this paper a novel bio-inspired artificial lateral line system is proposed for underwater robots and vehicles by exploiting the inherent sensing capability of ionic polymer-metal composites(IPMCs).Analogous to its biological counterpart,the IPMC-based lateral line processes the sensor signals through a neural *** effectiveness of the proposed lateral line is validated experimentally in the localization of a dipole source(vibrating sphere)*** particular,as a proof of concept,a prototype with body length(BL)of 10 cm,comprising six millimeter-scale IPMC sensors,is constructed and *** results have shown that the IPMC-based lateral line can localize the source from 1-2 BLs away,with a maximum localization error of 0.3 cm,when the data for training the neural network are collected from a grid of 2 cm by 2 cm *** effect of the number of sensors on the localization accuracy has also been examined.

关键词： ionic polymer-metal composite(IPMC) lateral line system neural networks flow sensing dipole source localization

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SHORT-TIME FOURIER-ANALYSIS OF SAMPLED SPEECH

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ACOUSTICS SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 1981年第3期29卷 364-373页

作者： PORTNOFF, MR Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Engineering Research Division Lawrence Livermore Laboratory University of California Livermore CA USA

The theoretical basis for the representation of a speech signal by its short-time Fourier transform is developed. A time-frequency representation for linear time-varying systems is applied to the speech-production model to formulate a quasi-stationary representation for the speech waveform. Short-time Fourier analysis of the resulting representation yields the relationship between the short-time Fourier transform of the speech and the speech-production model.

关键词： Speech analysis Fourier transforms Time varying systems Phase modulation Amplitude modulation Nonlinear filters Time frequency analysis Production systems Marine vehicles Narrowband

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A systematic review of machine learning in groundwater monitoring

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Environmental Modelling & Software 2025年 192卷

作者： Mrunmayee Dhapre Shrikant Jadhav Debanjana Das Jehanzeb Khan Youngsoo Kim Sen Chiao Thomas Danielson Department of Computer Science San Jose State University USA Department of Electrical Engineering San Jose State University USA NOAA Center for Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (NCAS-M) Howard University USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Minnesota Duluth USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Dosimetry Savannah River National Laboratory USA

With increasing concerns about water scarcity, groundwater has become crucial since this resource provides most of the freshwater needs. However, various human and natural activities often contaminate the groundwater, making it unsuitable for use. Over the years, scientists and engineers have used many methods to predict and track groundwater contamination as part of environmental monitoring. Consequently, there is an urgent need for improved methods, particularly in the face of increasing contamination. Machine learning has sometimes been used to monitor groundwater, air quality, and climate. Traditional methods must be improved due to the complexity and large amount of environmental data. This includes using hybrid models that combine traditional and new techniques. Despite the use of machine learning in many scientific areas, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews focusing on its use in environmental monitoring, especially groundwater monitoring. We aim to fill this gap by exploring machine-learning applications in groundwater monitoring. We discuss relevant methods, their limitations, and future potential. We summarize research on automating data processing and model training using groundwater sensor data. Our research underscores the transformative potential of machine learning to revolutionize long-term groundwater monitoring and contamination detection, providing valuable insights for future research and practical applications.

关键词： Groundwater contamination Groundwater/environment monitoring Machine learning Artificial intelligence AI/ML Feature engineering

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The Switching Fractional Order Chaotic System and Its Application to Image Encryption

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第2期4卷 381-388页

作者： Jialin Hou Rui Xi Ping Liu Tianliang Liu Shandong Key Laboratory of Gardening Machinery and Equipment College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringAgricultural University of Shandong School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Taishan Vocational and Technical College

Many studies on fractional order chaotic systems and secure communications have been carried out, however, switching fractional order chaotic system and its application to image encryption have not been explored yet. In this paper, a new switching fractional order chaotic system is proposed, containing fractional order Chen system and the other two fractional order chaotic systems. Chaotic attractors and dynamical analysis including Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation diagram, fractal dimension, dissipation, stability and symmetry are shown firstly. After that, some circuit simulations through Multisim are presented. By controlling switch k U+2082 and k U+2083, switching among the three fractional order chaotic subsystems can be realized. Finally, we apply the switching fractional order chaotic system to image encryption using exclusive or U+0028 XOR U+0029 encryption algorithm. The encryption scheme could increase randomness and improve speed of encryption. © 2017 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Circuit simulation Cryptography Fractal dimension Image processing Lyapunov methods Switching

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Electromagnetic tunneling through a single-negative slab paired with a double-positive bilayer

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Physical Review B 2011年第8期83卷 081105(R)-081105(R)页

作者： Giuseppe Castaldi Ilaria Gallina Vincenzo Galdi Andrea Alù Nader Engheta Waves Group Department of Engineering University of Sannio I-82100 Benevento Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA

We show that resonant tunneling of electromagnetic fields can occur through a three-layer structure composed of a single-negative (i.e., either negative permittivity or negative permeability) slab paired with a bilayer made of double-positive (i.e., positive permittivity and permeability) media. In particular, one of the two double-positive media can be chosen arbitrarily (even vacuum), while the other may exhibit extreme (either near-zero or very high) permittivity and permeability values. Our results on this counterintuitive tunneling phenomenon also demonstrate the possibility of synthesizing double-positive slabs that effectively exhibit single-negative-like wave-impedance properties within a moderately wide frequency range.

关键词： ELECTROMAGNETISM MAGNETIC permeability MAGNETIC fields QUANTUM theory MAGNETIC resonance TUNNELING (Physics)

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A COMPARISON OF SIGNAL-PROCESSING FRONT-ENDS FOR AUTOMATIC WORD RECOGNITION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SPEECH AND AUDIO PROCESSING 1995年第4期3卷 286-293页

作者： JANKOWSKI, CR VO, HDH LIPPMANN, RP Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA

This paper compares the word error rate of a speech recognizer using several signal processing front ends based on auditory properties. Front ends were compared with a control mel filter bank (MFB) based cepstral front end in clean speech and with speech degraded by noise and spectral variability, using the TI-105 isolated word database. MFB recognition error rates ranged from 0.5 to 26.9% in noise, depending on the SNR, and auditory models provided error rates as much as four percentage points lower. With speech degraded by linear filtering, MFB error rates ranged from 0.5 to 3.1%, and the reduction in error rates provided by auditory models was less than 0.5 percentage points. Some earlier studies that demonstrated considerably more improvement with auditory models used linear predictive coding (LPC) based control front ends. This paper shows that MFB cepstra significantly outperform LPC cepstra under noisy conditions. Techniques using an optimal linear combination of features for data reduction were also evaluated.

关键词： Signal processing Error analysis Linear predictive coding Speech enhancement Degradation Speech processing Speech recognition Automatic speech recognition Automatic control Filter bank

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Efficient Segmentation Approach for Different Medical Image Modalities

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3119-3135页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Amira A.Mahmoud El-Sayed M.El-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran Adel S.El-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

This paper presents a study of the segmentation of medical *** paper provides a solid introduction to image enhancement along with image segmentation *** the first step,the morphological operations are employed to ensure image detail protection and *** objective of using morphological operations is to remove the defects in the texture of the ***,the Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering algorithm is used to modify membership function based only on the spatial neighbors instead of the distance between pixels within local spatial neighbors and cluster *** proposed technique is very simple to implement and significantly fast since it is not necessary to compute the distance between the neighboring pixels and the cluster *** is also efficient when dealing with noisy images because of its ability to efficiently improve the membership partition *** results are performed on different medical image ***(Us),X-ray(Mammogram),Computed Tomography(CT),Positron Emission Tomography(PET),and Magnetic Resonance(MR)images are the main medical image modalities used in this *** obtained results illustrate that the proposed technique can achieve good results with a short time and efficient image *** results on different image modalities show that the proposed technique can achieve segmentation accuracies of 98.83%,99.71%,99.83%,99.85%,and 99.74%for Us,Mammogram,CT,PET,and MRI images,respectively.

关键词： Image segmentation ultrasonic mammogram CT PET MRI morphological operations FCM active contours

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Nonlinear Filtering With Sample-Based Approximation Under Constrained Communication:Progress, Insights and Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1539-1556页

作者： Weihao Song Zidong Wang Zhongkui Li Jianan Wang Qing-Long Han IEEE the State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of Engineering Peking University the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London the School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

The nonlinear filtering problem has enduringly been an active research topic in both academia and industry due to its ever-growing theoretical importance and practical *** main objective of nonlinear filtering is to infer the states of a nonlinear dynamical system of interest based on the available noisy measurements. In recent years, the advance of network communication technology has not only popularized the networked systems with apparent advantages in terms of installation,cost and maintenance, but also brought about a series of challenges to the design of nonlinear filtering algorithms, among which the communication constraint has been recognized as a dominating concern. In this context, a great number of investigations have been launched towards the networked nonlinear filtering problem with communication constraints, and many samplebased nonlinear filters have been developed to deal with the highly nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian scenarios. The aim of this paper is to provide a timely survey about the recent advances on the sample-based networked nonlinear filtering problem from the perspective of communication constraints. More specifically, we first review three important families of sample-based filtering methods known as the unscented Kalman filter, particle filter,and maximum correntropy filter. Then, the latest developments are surveyed with stress on the topics regarding incomplete/imperfect information, limited resources and cyber ***, several challenges and open problems are highlighted to shed some lights on the possible trends of future research in this realm.

关键词： Communication constraints maximum correntropy filter networked nonlinear filtering particle filter sample-based approximation unscented Kalman filter

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