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A Farewell and a New Special Issue

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IEEE GEOscience AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE 2024年第4期12卷 4-5页

作者： Gamba, Paolo Department of Electrical Biomedical and Computer Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy

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Halo reduction multi-exposure image fusion technique

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 12347-12370页

作者： Sharif, Rizwan Amin, Benish Sukhia, Komal Nain Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Multi-exposure image fusion (MEF) involves combining images captured at different exposure levels to create a single, well-exposed fused image. MEF has a wide range of applications, including low light, low contrast, night photography, medical imaging, and remote sensing. However, MEF methods often face issues like artifacts, halos around edges, color inconsistencies, noise amplification, and difficulty in preserving fine details. Moreover, assessing the quality of fused images objectively is complex due to the subjective nature of human perception. Solving the challenges is essential to developing efficient MEF techniques that produce high-quality results across various scenarios. The proposed technique introduces an approach to handling halo artifacts and implementing MEF. The Dense Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (DSIFT) is used to capture vital information about image brightness, texture, and edges from source images. Three weight maps are computed from the local mean, signal strength, and the global gradient for initial weight estimation. The local mean represents the brightness of specific image areas, signal strength preserves essential details like textures and edges while reducing image noise, and global gradient helps identify regions with significant pixel value shifts across multiple exposure images. The weight maps are then combined using a weighted average and a Gaussian smoothing filter is applied to reduce inherent noise and discontinuities in the original weights. Subsequently, pyramid decomposition is performed to generate a fused image. The efficiency of the proposed method is extensively tested on challenging multi-exposure image sequences. The results of the proposed approach demonstrate its superiority in both subjective evaluation and objective metrics like the MEF-Structural Similarity Index (MEF-SSIM), Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) and Gradient based performance measure (QAB/f). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer

关键词： Image fusion

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Genetic algorithm based data controlling method using IoT enabled WSNs

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Soft Computing 2025年第5期29卷 2465-2482页

作者： Singh, Samayveer Nandan, Aridaman Singh Sikka, Geeta Malik, Aruna Singh, Pradeep Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Punjab Jalandhar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Central University of Jammu J&K Jammu India

Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is not only constitute an encouraging research domain but also represent a promising industrial trend that permits the development of various IoT-based applications. These applications span a wide range from industry to education, and from military to agriculture. The IoT device plays a significant role in various IoT-based networks, and the functioning of such network depends upon the battery power. Once the devices are deployed in the hostile environments, replacing batteries becomes impractical. Despite a plethora of research addressing this challenge, IoT networks still face issues. In this paper, a genetic algorithm based data monitoring and controlling method using IoT enabled WSNs is proposed by using movable sinks in IoT enabled HWSNs (OptiGeA). The OptiGeA protocol is designed for the election of cluster heads (CHs) by incorporating factors such as density, distance, energy and heterogeneous node capacity into its fitness function. The investigation of OptiGeA is conducted with single sink, multiple static sinks and multiple movable sinks provide an unbiased comparative assessment. The novel deployment technique and multiple mobile sinks approaches are proposed to reduce the transmission distance between the sink and CH during system operation and address hotspot issue. It is evident that the OptiGeA protocol shows an increment of 10.44% compared to the GAOC, whereas with the inclusion of DDC process the OptiGeA-DDC protocol demonstrates a remarkable increase of 48.33% compared to MS-GAOC. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Enhancing eyeglasses removal in facial images: a novel approach using translation models for eyeglasses mask completion

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Esmaily, Zahra Ebrahimpour-Komleh, Hossein Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kashan Kashan Iran

Accurately removing eyeglasses from facial images is crucial for improving the performance of various face-related tasks such as verification, identification, and reconstruction. This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing eyeglasses removal by integrating a mask completion technique into the existing framework. Our method focuses on improving the accuracy of eyeglasses masks, which is essential for subsequent eyeglasses and shadow removal steps. We introduce a unique dataset specifically designed for eyeglasses mask image completion. This dataset is generated by applying Top-Hat morphological operations to existing eyeglasses mask datasets, creating a collection of images containing eyeglasses masks in two states: damaged (incomplete) and complete (ground truth). A Pix2Pix image-to-image translation model is trained on this newly created dataset for the purpose of restoring incomplete eyeglass mask predictions. This restoration step significantly improves the accuracy of eyeglass frame extraction and leads to more realistic results in subsequent eyeglasses and shadow removal. Our method incorporates a post-processing step to refine the completed mask, preventing the formation of artifacts in the background or outside of the eyeglasses frame box, further enhancing the overall quality of the processed image. Experimental results on CelebA, FFHQ, and MeGlass datasets showcase the effectiveness of our method, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches in quantitative metrics (FID, KID, MOS) and qualitative evaluations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Analysis and Optimization of Boost Converter Parameters in Internal Model Control for Voltage Source Converter-based AC Microgrids

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第5期10卷 2038-2054页

作者： Chiebuka Eyisi Qifeng Li Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816 USA.

This paper investigates integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)in microgrids(MGs)through two-stage power conversion structures consisting of DC-DC boost converter and DC-AC voltage source converter(VSC)*** contrast to existing investigations that treated DC-link voltage as an ideal constant voltage,this paper considers the non-ideal dynamic coupling between both subsystems for completeness and higher accuracy,which introduces additional DC-side dynamics to the *** analysis shows parameters of the boost converter’s power model that impact stability through the *** selecting these parameters can mitigate this effect on stability and improve dynamic performance across the ***,an optimization framework is developed to facilitate in selecting adequate boost converter parameters in designing a stable voltage source converter-based microgrid(VSC-MG).The developed optimization framework,based on particle swarm optimization,considers dynamic coupling between both subsystems and is also effective in avoiding inadequate boost converter parameters capable of propagating instability through the DC-link to the *** are performed with MATLAB/Simulink to validate theoretical analyses.

关键词： AC microgrid boost converter dead-time droop control internal model control particle swarm optimization small-signal analysis time delay virtual impedance voltage source converter

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Simulation Tools for Cognitive Radio Network: A Survey

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 1-27页

作者： Islam, A. K. M. Muzahidul Bin Rabbani, Rakin Aadeeb, Md. Shadman Zareei, Mahdi Mansoor, Nafees Zubaer, Molla Md. United International University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh BRAC University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences Monterrey64849 Mexico University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1209 Bangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Dhaka1216 Bangladesh

Due to recent expansion of wireless communications, it has become impossible to cope with the allotment of the precious spectrum while resources for wireless communication are bounded and finite. Hence, the cognitive radio concept is introduced to ensure optimal utilization of these invaluable resources. By emerging research in the field of cognitive radio network, fresh researchers are looking for a suitable simulator for the cognitive radio network since the implementation and testbed is not practical and feasible invariably. Moreover, there is no simulator that has been designed with cognitive radio networks in mind. Furthermore, this research area is relatively new. Therefore, often it becomes very hard to decide which network simulator to work with, as the availability of reference is significantly low. As a result, much effort is required to make a proper decision. In this paper, we take a detailed look at current simulators used by researchers in the field of cognitive radio networks to help researchers identify appropriate tools for simulation. To further aid researchers, we classify the simulation tools, demonstrate their architectures, describe features, elucidate advantages and disadvantages of these tools, and report some open issues and challenges for future research. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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Predicting Distant Metastatic Sites in Cancer Using miRNA and mRNA Expression Data

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Current Bioinformatics 2025年第5期20卷 473-485页

作者： Mamatkarimov, Dostonjon Kang, Jiahui Han, Kyungsook Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of

Background: Cancer patients with metastasis face a much lower survival rate and a higher risk of recurrence than those without metastasis. So far, several learning methods have been proposed to predict cancer metastasis, but most of these methods are intended to predict lymph node metastasis rather than distant metastasis. Distant metastasis is more difficult to predict than lymph node metastasis because distant metastasis is detected after a comprehensive examination of the entire body, and there are not enough publicly available tumor samples with distant metastasis that can be used for training learning methods. Predicting distant metastatic sites is even more challenging than predicting whether distant metastasis will occur or not. Methods: The problem of predicting distant metastatic sites is a multi‐class and multi‐label classification problem;there are more than two classes for distant metastatic sites (bone, brain, liver, lung, and other organs), and a single sample can have multiple labels for multiple metastatic sites. We transformed the multi‐label and multi‐class problem into multiple single‐label binary problems. For each metastatic site, we built a random forest model that deals with binary classification and linked the models along a chain. Results: Testing the model on miRNA and mRNA expression datasets of several cancer types showed a high performance in all performance measures. In the comparison of our model with other methods, our method outperformed the others. Conclusion: We developed a new method for predicting multiple metastatic sites using miRNA and mRNA expression data. The technique will be useful in predicting distant metastatic sites before distant metastasis occurs, which in turn will help clinicians determine treatment options for cancer patients. © 2025 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Diseases

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Maximally Flat Negative Group Delay Prototype Filter Based on Capped Reciprocal Transfer Function of Classical Bessel Filter

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research B 2025年 110卷 91-105页

作者： Kandic, Miodrag Bridges, Greg E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba WinnipegMB Canada

A prototype filter design exhibiting Negative Group Delay (NGD) is presented, based on the ratio of two low-pass classical Bessel filter transfer functions of the same order, but with different 3 dB-bandwidths. The resulting design is a reciprocal-Bessel filter transfer function, capped at a finite out-of-band gain. The proposed capped reciprocal-Bessel design is based on a similar concept applied to previously reported capped reciprocal-Butterworth and reciprocal-Chebyshev NGD designs, which use ratios of corresponding classical low-pass filter transfer functions. It is shown that within the in-band frequency range, the synthesized NGD transfer function exhibits a maximally flat group delay characteristic (Bessel-like property). Due to its near-flat in-band group delay characteristic, the design is suitable for constant phase shifter applications. For high design orders, it is shown that the achieved NGD-bandwidth product has an upper asymptotic limit, given by the square root of the out-of-band gain in decibels. When the prototype baseband transfer function is translated to a non-zero center frequency, it is demonstrated that resonator-based implementations are feasible via Sallen-Key, as well as all-passive ladder topologies. A combined in-band magnitude/phase distortion metric is evaluated for selected design examples and applied Gaussian and sinc input waveforms, and it is shown to be proportional to the design order and out-of-band gain. The proposed design's distortion metric is also shown to be generally lower than the previously reported capped reciprocal-Butterworth and reciprocal-Chebyshev designs. © (2025), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Group delay

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Electron beam lithography on nonplanar and irregular surfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 1-23页

作者： Chenxu Zhu Huseyin Ekinci Aixi Pan Bo Cui Xiaoli Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology(WIN) University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada

E-beam lithography is a powerful tool for generating nanostructures and fabricating nanodevices with fine features approaching a few nanometers in ***,alternative approaches to conventional spin coating and development processes are required to optimize the lithography procedure on irregular *** this review,we summarize the state of the art in nanofabrication on irregular substrates using e-beam *** overcome these challenges,unconventional methods have been *** instance,polymeric and nonpolymeric materials can be sprayed or evaporated to form uniform layers of electron-sensitive materials on irregular ***,chemical bonds can be applied to help form polymer brushes or self-assembled monolayers on these *** addition,thermal oxides can serve as resists,as the etching rate in solution changes after e-beam ***,e-beam lithography tools can be combined with cryostages,evaporation systems,and metal deposition chambers for sample development and lift-off while maintaining low *** nanopyramids can be fabricated on an AFM tip by utilizing ice as a positive ***,Ti/Au caps can be patterned around a carbon ***,3D nanostructures can be formed on irregular surfaces by exposing layers of anisole on organic ice surfaces with a focused *** advances in e-beam lithography on irregular substrates,including uniform film coating,instrumentation improvement,and new pattern transferring method development,substantially extend its capabilities in the fabrication and application of nanoscale structures.

关键词： lithography beam coating

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Knowledge distillation on spatial-temporal graph convolutional network for traffic prediction

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2025年第1期47卷 45-56页

作者： Izadi, Mohammad Safayani, Mehran Mirzaei, Abdolreza Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

Efficient real-time traffic prediction is crucial for reducing transportation time. To predict traffic conditions, we employ a spatio-temporal graph neural network (ST-GNN) to model our real-time traffic data as temporal graphs. Despite its capabilities, it often encounters challenges in delivering efficient real-time predictions for real-world traffic data. Recognizing the significance of timely prediction due to the dynamic nature of real-time data, we employ knowledge distillation (KD) as a solution to enhance the execution time of ST-GNNs for traffic prediction. In this paper, We introduce a cost function designed to train a network with fewer parameters (the student) using distilled data from a complex network (the teacher) while maintaining its accuracy close to that of the teacher. We use knowledge distillation, incorporating spatial-temporal correlations from the teacher network to enable the student to learn the complex patterns perceived by the teacher. However, a challenge arises in determining the student network architecture rather than considering it inadvertently. To address this challenge, we propose an algorithm that utilizes the cost function to calculate pruning scores, addressing small network architecture search issues, and jointly fine-tunes the network resulting from each pruning stage using KD. Ultimately, we evaluate our proposed ideas on two real-world datasets, PeMSD7 and PeMSD8. The results indicate that our method can maintain the student's accuracy close to that of the teacher, even with the retention of only (Formula presented.) of network parameters. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cost functions

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