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Skin Lesion Classification via ensemble method on deep learning

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第18期84卷 19379-19397页

作者： Amiri, Sekineh Asadi Nasrolahzadeh, Mahda Mohammadpoory, Zeynab Kordkheili, Amir Hossein Zare Department of Computer Engineering University of Mazandaran Babolsar Iran Department of Electrical Engineering University of Torbat Heydarieh Torbat Heydarieh Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood Iran

Deep neural networks have shown promising results in the classification of skin lesion images, particularly when they focus on the most significant regions of an image. However, the identification of melanoma continues to pose a significant challenge, primarily because of the substantial variability both within and between classes in images of moles. A new framework is proposed in this paper to develop an innovative method for effective melanoma diagnosis, presenting a new approach for Skin Lesion Classification (SLC) that combines a modified Inception ResNet v2 and Efficient Net-B4 in an ensemble. In the modified Inception ResNet v2, we incorporate a Soft-Attention (SA) mechanism. The goal is to enhance the network’s performance by using the SA mechanism to highlight informative features and suppress those that induce noise. Given the diversity of skin lesions in terms of type, texture, color, shape, and distribution, our proposed method extracts crucial features from the images by employing both the SA and merging the features of two layers of Inception ResNet ***, we have modified EfficientNet-B4 by adding two dense layers to improve its classification capabilities. After classifying the images with these two models, we employ soft voting for the final classification. We evaluated the performance of our proposed method on the ISIC-2017 and ISIC-2018 datasets, considering metrics such as Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-measures. Experimental results and a comparison with existing techniques demonstrate that our method achieves higher accuracy than current state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Breakdown of effective medium theory:A study of photonic spin Hall effect in deep-subwavelength all-dielectric multilayers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 173-174页

作者： Yongmin Liu Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern UniversityBoston 02115USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBoston 02115USA

Effective medium theory(EMT)has been widely applied in material science,electromagnetics and photonics to determine the effective material properties for inhomogeneous composites comprising subwavelength *** versatility of this foundational approach has been established through its application in classical Maxwell-Garnet models,which encompass relatively simple structures。

关键词： composites theory dielectric

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Cumulative Capacity Credit Estimation for Renewable Energy Projects

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第5期12卷 1643-1651页

作者： Arif S.Malik Majid A.Al Umairi the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khod 123Oman Oman Electricity Transmission Company MuscatOman Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khod 123Oman

This paper presents a novel method for accurately estimating the cumulative capacity credit(CCC)of renewable energy(RE)*** data from the main interconnected system(MIS)of Oman for 2028,where a substantial increase in RE generation is anticipated,the method is introduced alongside the traditional effective load carrying capability(ELCC)*** ensure its robustness,we compare CCC results with ELCC calculations using two distinct standards of reliability criteria:loss of load hours(LOLH)at 24 hour/year and 2.4 hour/*** method consistently gives accurate results,emphasizing its exceptional accuracy,efficiency,and simplicity.A notable feature of the method is its independence from loss of load probability(LOLP)calculations and the iterative procedures associated with analytic-based reliability ***,it relies solely on readily available data such as annual hourly load profiles and hourly generation data from integrated RE *** innovation is of particular significance to prospective independent power producers(IPPs)in the RE sector,offering them a valuable tool for estimating capacity credits without the need for sensitive generating unit forced outage rate data,often restricted by privacy concerns.

关键词： Effective load carrying capability renewable energy resource capacity credit generation system reliability loss of load probability

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Analysis of the effect of different scattering mechanisms on the excess noise behavior of Sb-based avalanche photodiodes

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Optics Express 2025年第4期33卷 7337-7344页

作者： Karimi, Hannaneh Herrera, Daniel J. Dadey, Adam A. Wei, Dongxia Mcarthur, Andrew Bank, Seth R. Campbell, Joe. C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas AustinTX78758 United States

In optical applications where avalanche photodiodes (APDs) provide the benefit of high sensitivity, Sb-based materials systems such as AlInAsSb and AlGaAsSb have shown extremely low excess noise factors. The Monte Carlo (MC) model described in this work reveals the effect of high alloy scattering on the excess noise factor in these material systems. A comparison between the excess noise factor of different combinations of scattering rates is investigated. Furthermore, the ionization path length probability distribution is presented for AlInAsSb APDs with different scattering mechanisms. Good agreement is achieved between simulation results and experimental measurements. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Evaluating transient behaviour of large-scale photovoltaic systems during lightning events using enhanced finite difference time domain method with variable cell size approach

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High Voltage 2024年第3期9卷 636-647页

作者： Ibrahim Hetita Diaa-Eldin A.Mansour Yang Han Ping Yang Congling Wang Mohamed M.F.Darwish Matti Lehtonen Amr S.Zalhaf School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)ChengduChina Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEgypt-Japan University of Science and TechnologyAlexandriaEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation School of Electrical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland

Photovoltaic(PV)arrays are usually installed in open areas;hence,they are vulnerable to lightning strikes that can result in cell degradation,complete damage,service disruption,and increased maintenance *** a result,it is imperative to develop an effective and efficient lightning protection system by evaluating the transient behaviour of PV arrays during lightning *** aim is to evaluate the transient analysis of large-scale PV systems when subjected to lightning strikes using the finite difference time domain(FDTD)*** overvoltages are calculated at various points within the mounting *** optimise the FDTD method's execution time and make it more suitable for less powerful hardware,a variable cell size approach is ***,larger cell dimensions are used in the earthing system and smaller cell dimensions are used in the mounting *** FDTD method is utilised to calculate the temporal variation of transient overvoltages for large-scale PV systems under different scenarios,including variations in the striking point,soil resistivity,and the presence of a metal *** results indicate that the highest transient overvoltages occur at the striking point,and these values increase with the presence of a PV metal frame as well as with higher soil ***,a comparison is performed between the overvoltage results obtained from the FDTD approach and the partial element equivalent circuit(PEEC)method at the four corner points of the mounting systems to demonstrate the superior accuracy of the FDTD ***,a laboratory experiment is conducted on a small-scale PV system to validate the simulation *** calculated overvoltages obtained from the FDTD and PEEC methods are compared with the measured values,yielding a mean absolute error of 5%and 11%for the FDTD and PEEC methods,respectively,thereby confirming the accuracy of the FDTD simulation model.

关键词： transient behaviour finite

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Electromagnetic Interference on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): A Case Study of High Power Transmission Line Impacts

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 7501-7513页

作者： Salehi Rad, Shervin Zheng, Zilong Kheirollahi, Reza Mostafa, Amr Zhao, Shuyan Wang, Yao Chevinly, Javad Nadi, Elias Bensala, Tarik Zhang, Hua Friedman, Gary Lu, Fei Drexel University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Lehigh University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BethlehemPA18015 United States

Nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a significant role in transmission line inspection. This article focuses on the inertial measurement unit (IMU) as a critical component to study the impacts of electromagnetic interference. A case study is conducted by selecting 500-kV/25-kA 60-Hz transmission lines as sources of strong electromagnetic fields and investigates their influences on an IMU unit and operation of an UAV. An experimental testing methodology is proposed to explore the impacts of magnetic and electric fields separately. A high-power inverter-based testing platform is implemented to excite a 2.2-kA planar coil and a 7.5-kA solenoid coil to generate magnetic fields and emulate high current impacts from transmission lines. Meanwhile, a pair of metal plates are adopted to generate a 2-kV/m electric field and study the high-voltage impacts. Multiple long-time continuous testings of the DJI Marvic 2 drone have been conducted in the generated magnetic and electric fields. It validates that the onboard magnetometer is sensitive to magnetic fields, while other sensors remain immune to both magnetic and electric fields, at least up to 3100 μT and 2 kV/m, respectively. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Meta-Learning Online Control for Linear Dynamical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年第6期70卷 4163-4169页

作者： Muthirayan, Deepan Kalathil, Dileep Khargonekar, Pramod P. University of California Irvine Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences IrvineCA United States Texas A&M University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

In this paper, we consider the problem of finding a meta-learning online control algorithm that can learn across the tasks when faced with a sequence of N (similar) control tasks. Each task involves controlling a linear dynamical system for a finite horizon of T time steps. The cost function and system noise at each time step are adversarial and unknown to the controller before taking the control action. Meta-learning is a broad approach where the goal is to prescribe an online policy for any new unseen task exploiting the information from other tasks and the similarity between the tasks. We propose a meta-learning online control algorithm for the control setting and characterize its performance by meta-regret, the average cumulative regret across the tasks. We show that when the number of tasks are sufficiently large, our proposed approach achieves a meta-regret that is smaller by a factor D/D∗ compared to an independent-learning online control algorithm which does not perform learning across the tasks, where D is a problem constant and D∗ is a scalar that decreases with increase in the similarity between tasks. Thus, when the sequence of tasks are similar the regret of the proposed meta-learning online control is significantly lower than that of the naive approaches without meta-learning. We also present experiment results to demonstrate the superior performance achieved by our meta-learning algorithm. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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Counting vehicles types using deep learning algorithm in video surveillance systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-24页

作者： Akoushideh, Alireza Sadat, Seyed Shafiullah Shahbahrami, Asadollah Electrical and Computer Engineering Department National University of Skill Tehran Iran Computer Engineering Department Kabul Polytechnic University Kabul Afghanistan Computer Engineering Department University of Guilan Rasht Iran

Detection, identification, and automatic counting of vehicles using video surveillance cameras plays an essential role in intelligent transportation management. Despite the progress that researchers have made in these cases, its operational implementation still faces challenges such as various environmental conditions, unbalanced data sets, accuracy, and speed. Therefore, research is fundamental in solving these issues. This research investigates the use of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for vehicle detection, classification, and counting in video surveillance applications. We analyze recent research trends and challenges, examining the suitability of popular datasets like MSCOCO, PASCAL, ImageNet, DAWN, DETRAC, and MIO-TCD for validating proposed algorithms. Our study focuses on overcoming challenges like poor lighting conditions and unbalanced traffic scenarios. We propose a novel approach for counting vehicle types based on the YOLO model. The proposed method leverages the YOLO model for object detection and recognition, the ByteTrack algorithm for tracking vehicles across frames, and the CLAHE pre-processing and the Multiple-Zone-Line approach for addressing video surveillance challenges. Experimental results on three benchmark videos demonstrate the superiority of YOLOv8 over YOLOv9 in our benchmarks. Moreover, the application of CLAHE pre-processing algorithms further enhances performance. This research offers a promising solution for accurate and robust vehicle detection, classification, and counting in real-world video surveillance scenarios. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Broadband angular spectrum analog processors based on all-dielectric metasurfaces

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 188-190页

作者： Lin Deng Yongmin Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBoston 02115USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern UniversityBoston 02115USA

Digital signal processors are extensively used to execute mathematical operations and advanced computational tasks on digital ***,they suffer from several inherent limitations,including low speed,high energy consumption,and large memory requirements,because of the hardware bottleneck and the imperative conversion between digital and analogue signals.

关键词： dielectric spectrum hardware

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LSTM-SAC reinforcement learning based resilient energy trading for networked microgrid system

AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering

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AIMS Electronics and electrical engineering 2025年第2期9卷 165-191页

作者： Sharma, Desh Deepak Bansal, Ramesh C. Department of Electrical Engineering MJP Rohilkhnad University Bareilly India Electrical Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Electronics & Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

On the whole, the present microgrid constitutes numerous actors in highly decentralized environments and liberalized electricity markets. The networked microgrid system must be capable of detecting electricity price changes and unknown variations in the presence of rare and extreme events. The networked microgrid system comprised of interconnected microgrids must be adaptive and resilient to undesirable environmental conditions such as the occurrence of different kinds of faults and interruptions in the main grid supply. The uncertainties and stochasticity in the load and distributed generation are considered. In this study, we propose resilient energy trading incorporating DC-OPF, which takes generator failures and line outages (topology change) into account. This paper proposes a design of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - soft actor-critic (SAC) reinforcement learning for the development of a platform to obtain resilient peer-to-peer energy trading in networked microgrid systems during extreme events. A Markov Decision Process (MDP) is used to develop the reinforcement learning-based resilient energy trade process that includes the state transition probability and a grid resilience factor for networked microgrid systems. LSTM-SAC continuously refines policies in real-time, thus ensuring optimal trading strategies in rapidly changing energy markets. The LSTM networks have been used to estimate the optimal Q-values in soft actor-critic reinforcement learning. This learning mechanism takes care of the out-of-range estimates of Q-values while reducing the gradient problems. The optimal actions are decided with maximized rewards for peer-to-peer resilient energy trading. The networked microgrid system is trained with the proposed learning mechanism for resilient energy trading. The proposed LSTM-SAC reinforcement learning is tested on a networked microgrid system comprised of IEEE 14 bus systems. ©2025 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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