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A survey on cross-user federated recommendation

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 7-32页

作者： Enyue YANG Yudi XIONG Wei YUAN Weike PAN Qiang YANG Zhong MING College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland WeBank AI Lab WeBank Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)

Recommender systems are effective in mitigating information overload, yet the centralized storage of user data raises significant privacy concerns. Cross-user federated recommendation(CUFR) provides a promising distributed paradigm to address these concerns by enabling privacy-preserving recommendations directly on user devices. In this survey, we review and categorize current progress in CUFR, focusing on four key aspects: privacy, security, accuracy, and efficiency. Firstly,we conduct an in-depth privacy analysis, discuss various cases of privacy leakage, and then review recent methods for privacy protection. Secondly, we analyze security concerns and review recent methods for untargeted and targeted *** untargeted attack methods, we categorize them into data poisoning attack methods and parameter poisoning attack methods. For targeted attack methods, we categorize them into user-based methods and item-based methods. Thirdly,we provide an overview of the federated variants of some representative methods, and then review the recent methods for improving accuracy from two categories: data heterogeneity and high-order information. Fourthly, we review recent methods for improving training efficiency from two categories: client sampling and model compression. Finally, we conclude this survey and explore some potential future research topics in CUFR.

关键词： cross-user federated recommendation federated recommendation federated learning recommender systems user privacy

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Entanglement-Assisted Covert Communication via Qubit Depolarizing Channels

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第5期71卷 3693-3706页

作者： Zlotnick, Elyakim Bash, Boulat A. Pereg, Uzi Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Helen Diller Quantum Center Haifa3200003 Israel Nvidia Tel Aviv Israel The University of Arizona Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States

We consider entanglement-assisted communication over the qubit depolarizing channel under the security requirement of covert communication, where the transmission itself must be concealed from detection by an adversary. Previous work showed that (Formula presented) information bits can be reliably and covertly transmitted in n channel uses without entanglement assistance. However, Gagatsos et al. (2020) showed that entanglement assistance can increase this scaling to (Formula presented) for continuous-variable bosonic channels. Here, we present a finite-dimensional parallel, and show that (Formula presented) covert bits can be transmitted reliably over n uses of a qubit depolarizing channel. The coding scheme employs "weakly" entangled states such that their squared amplitude scales as (Formula presented). © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Qubits

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Deep Learning Based Side-Channel Attack Detection for Mobile Devices Security in 5G Networks

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清华大学学报自然科学版（英文版） 2025年第3期30卷 1012-1026页

作者： Amjed A.Ahmed Mohammad Kamrul Hasan Ali Alqahtani Shayla Islam Bishwajeet Pandey Leila Rzayeva Huda Saleh Abbas Azana Hafizah Mohd Aman Nayef Alqahtani Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600Malaysia Imam Alkadhim University College Department of Computer Techniques EngineeringBaghdad 10066Iraq Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600Malaysia Department of Networks and Communications Engineering College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran 61441Saudi Arabia Institute of Computer Science and Digital Innovation UCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia Department of Intelligent Systems and Cyber Security Astana IT UniversityAstana 20000Kazakstan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and EngineeringTaibah UniversityMadinah 42353Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Hofuf 31982Saudi Arabia

Mobile devices within Fifth Generation(5G)networks,typically equipped with Android systems,serve as a bridge to connect digital gadgets such as global positioning system,mobile devices,and wireless routers,which are vital in facilitating end-user communication ***,the security of Android systems has been challenged by the sensitive data involved,leading to vulnerabilities in mobile devices used in 5G *** vulnerabilities expose mobile devices to cyber-attacks,primarily resulting from security ***-permission apps in Android can exploit these channels to access sensitive information,including user identities,login credentials,and geolocation *** such attack leverages"zero-permission"sensors like accelerometers and gyroscopes,enabling attackers to gather information about the smartphone's *** underscores the importance of fortifying mobile devices against potential future *** research focuses on a new recurrent neural network prediction model,which has proved highly effective for detecting side-channel attacks in mobile devices in 5G *** conducted state-of-the-art comparative studies to validate our experimental *** results demonstrate that even a small amount of training data can accurately recognize 37.5％of previously unseen user-typed ***,our tap detection mechanism achieves a 92％accuracy rate,a crucial factor for text *** findings have significant practical implications,as they reinforce mobile device security in 5G networks,enhancing user privacy,and data protection.

关键词： Fifth Generation(5G)networks smartphone information leakage Side-Channel Attack(SCA) deep learning

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SEDN: A Spatiotemporal Encoder-Decoder Network for End-to-End Object Removal Forgery Detection in High-Resolution Videos

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 2503-2515页

作者： Xiong, Lizhi Ding, Linsen Cao, Mengqi Xia, Zhihua Shi, Yun-Qing Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science Nanjing210044 China Ministry of Education Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Nanjing210044 China Jinan University College of Cyber Security Guangzhou510632 China New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NewarkNJ07102 United States

With the growing popularity of high-resolution (HR) video and the continuous growth of network bandwidth, the challenge of object removal detection in HR videos has attracted significant attention. Expert forgers leverage the rich detail in HR videos for meticulous pixel manipulation and apply sophisticated postprocessing techniques to hide high-frequency artifacts, thereby making forgery detection and localization more difficult when existing schemes are used. Additionally, the end-to-end framework simplifies the detection and localization process, which has not been considered in previous work. To solve the above issues, a spatiotemporal encoder−decoder network (SEDN) is proposed for end-to-end object removal forgery detection in HR videos. In the SEDN, a new model composed of a 3D asymmetric dual-stream network (3D-ADSN) and Transformer is proposed. The 3D-ADSN is utilized as the encoder, which fully integrates the high-frequency and low-frequency spatiotemporal information of videos. Transformer is utilized as the decoder to capture the global structure spatiotemporal information of the long-range feature sequence obtained by the encoder. This network combination successfully achieves simultaneous detection in the temporal and spatial domains without any additional postprocessing calculations. The experimental results demonstrate the better performance of the SEDN at different resolutions. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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Cost-Effective FBG Demodulation for High-Temperature and Dynamic Strain via Modified Levenberg-Marquardt

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17011-17017页

作者： Zhang, Guangyin Zhao, Kehao Wen, Hongqiao Wang, Qirui Wu, Zekun Zhong, Shuda Ma, Guangqun Venediktov, Evgenii Chen, Kevin P. University of Pittsburgh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PittsburghPA15261 United States Wuhan University of Technology National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks Wuhan430063 China

This article presents a high-resolution, signal-jump-free demodulation method for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) systems employing a low-cost spectrometer. Utilizing a modified logarithm Gaussian Levenberg-Marquardt (LGLM) method, the proposed approach enables precise and stable Bragg wavelength tracking. The principles of the LGLM method were thoroughly analyzed and derived, affirming the feasibility and robustness of the FBG system. Static experiments with nine sampling points demonstrated that the LGLM method achieves a standard deviation (STD) of 1.7 pm, representing a 6.9-fold improvement over conventional Gaussian fitting. Strain experiments confirmed a strong linear relationship between strain and Bragg wavelength, with dynamic strain measurements at a 6-kHz sampling rate, showing that the LGLM method effectively eliminates signal jumps observed in Gaussian fitting. At 500 Hz, the minimum detectable strain (MDS) of the LGLM method was determined to be 0.0173 µΕ/Hz−1/2, more than ten times better than Gaussian fitting. Temperature experiments conducted over a range of 100 ◦C– 700 ◦C further validated the method’s performance, with the LGLM achieving an STD of 1.56 pm and a variation of 3.4 pm, representing improvements of 10.25 times and 52.9 times, respectively, compared to Gaussian fitting. These findings demonstrate the exceptional sensitivity, stability, and robustness of the LGLM method for demanding applications, such as high-temperature monitoring and structural health diagnostics. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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"There is a Damn Hello on the Social Media!" Insights into Public Risk Communication in the digital Age 18th

"There is a Damn Hello on the Social Media!" Insights into P...

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18th IFIP WG 11.12 International Symposium on Human Aspects of Information Security and Assurance, HAISA 2024

作者： Große, Christine Division of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Department of Digital Services and Systems Luleå University of Technology Luleå971 87 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783031725586

The ability to handle threats, such as disinformation, manipulation of public opinion, and disruption of critical supplies, is becoming increasingly important, thus, necessitating, among other strategies, efforts to establish a proper risk communication to the public. This paper addresses the need for more empirical research in this area to contribute to the development of an in-depth understanding of public risk communication that includes information-related threats and cyber issues. The study involves officials of three public organizations entrusted with safety and security in society: the police, the rescue service, and the county administrative board of a county in the middle of Sweden. The results detail the recognition of risks to be communicated, the organization of the communication process, the messages that these actors seek to bring forth, and to whom as well as challenges of public risk communication in the digital era. The findings indicate that information-related and cyber risks are increasingly essential to consider as an additional layer of public communication. Two implications emerged as particularly important: (1) all communication about risks and crises must consider the systemic risk of mis- and disinformation, and (2) tailored communication about the risks interrelated with disinformation should use human-centered, dialogue-based, and moderated approaches. Further research can focus on associated challenges, considering the distribution of responsibilities, inter-organizational information sharing and cooperation, and the possibly stochastic effects on critical (information) infrastructures and, ultimately, societal values. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Mixed RF/FSO Communication Systems With Rate Splitting

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1621-1634页

作者： Zhang, Yiran Xiao, Zhichen Yang, Liang Bithas, Petros S. Hasna, Mazen O. Karagiannidis, George K. Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Changsha410082 China National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Department of Digital Industry Technologies Athens157 72 Greece Qatar University Department of Electrical Engineering Doha2713 Qatar Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Thessaloniki541 24 Greece Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Systems Research Center Beirut0379-7751 Lebanon

In this paper, rate splitting (RS) has been applied in a mixed dual-hop radio frequency/free space optical (RF/FSO) relay system. In particular, assuming fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relay protocols, the performance of both heterodyne detection and intensity-modulated direct detection (IM-DD) has been analytically evaluated. In this framework, it is assumed that the RF channel suffers from Rayleigh fading, while the FSO channel is affected by the atmospheric turbulence-induced fading with Málaga (M) distribution and pointing errors. For the considered system, we derive expressions for the outage probability, the average bit error rate (BER), and the average channel capacity. In addition, the asymptotic performance of the system at high signal-to-noise ratios regime is analyzed, special cases are discussed, and useful insights have been extracted. Finally, numerical results are presented to verify the accuracy of the analytical and asymptotic expressions. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Heterodyne detection

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Advanced Helical Antenna Design for X-Band Applications Using AI

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 153卷 201-211页

作者： Zeain, Mohammed Yousif Abu, Maisarah Toding, Apriana Zakaria, Zahriladha Alsariera, Hussein Ullah, Ihsan Abdulbari, Ali Abdulateef Yon, Hamizan Taha, Bilal Salman Inam Abbasi, Muhammad Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia Makassar Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Information Technology Center University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Antenna Research Center College of Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronics University Tenaga National Malaysia Malaysia

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a novel 3D-printed helical antenna operating within the 9.4–10.8 GHz frequency band. The antenna, employing a lightweight paper substrate and a strip-based helical structure, exhibits robust circular polarization characteristics and wideband operation. Rigorous simulations predict a peak CP gain of 11.7 dBi at 9.8 GHz and a high simulated radiation efficiency of 95%. Experimental measurements validate these predictions, achieving a peak CP gain of 11.6 dBi at 9.8 GHz. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D-printed helical antennas for diverse applications in modern wireless communication systems, including 5G, satellite communication, and radar. Furthermore, this study leverages the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by employing the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), a sophisticated metaheuristic algorithm, to optimize the antenna’s design. The GWO algorithm is utilized to efficiently search the design space and identify optimal values for key parameters, such as the number of turns, helix pitch, and helix diameter, with the objective of maximizing antenna gain to achieve a target of 15 dBi. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven optimization techniques in advancing the design of high-performance antennas for emerging wireless communication systems. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Helical antennas

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Fast Demodulation of OFDR-Based Distributed Sensing Based on Enhanced Buneman Frequency Estimation

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年第9期43卷 4283-4289页

作者： Zhang, Zhaopeng Liu, Bo Liu, Xiao Li, Caiyun Alsalman, Osamah Zhu, Chen Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Novel Computing Sensing and Intelligent Processing Hangzhou311121 China King Saud University Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Riyadh11421 Saudi Arabia Missouri University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RollaMO65409 United States

Aiming at realizing high-efficiency distributed strain sensing through optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR), this paper introduces a fast demodulation algorithm to determine strain-induced spectral shifts from coarse Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) cross-correlation spectra. The proposed approach employs an enhanced Buneman frequency estimation (BFE) algorithm, enabling direct spectral shift analysis across coarse signals. By applying this algorithm, the need for dense interpolation in the conventional cross-correlation demodulation process—typically required for a finer spectral sampling interval but at the cost of demodulation efficiency—can be eliminated. Both theoretical analysis and experimental investigation reveal the equivalence of the BFE and conventional algorithms in terms of underlying physical principles and resultant demodulation noise distribution, establishing a strong foundation for adopting the BFE algorithm to improve demodulation efficiency without sacrificing performance metrics. Demonstration experiments using identical hardware configurations show that the proposed BFE method enhances demodulation efficiency by over 17 times without sacrificing other performance metrics, confirming its effectiveness and practicality. This advancement holds promise for improving the practical application of OFDR-based distributed sensing systems. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Semi-Blind Channel Estimation and Achievable Rate Analysis for Uplink RIS-Enhanced Multi-User Networks

IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology

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IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular technology 2025年 6卷 1108-1139页

作者： Farghaly, Samar I. Ismail, Mohamed I. Fouda, Mostafa M. Alwakeel, Ahmed S. Tanta University Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tanta31111 Egypt Idaho State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Science and Engineering PocatelloID83209 United States Modern Academy for Engineering Department of Electronic Engineering and Communication Technology Cairo Governorate 4411602 Egypt Center for Advanced Energy Studies Idaho FallsID83401 United States Suez University Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Suez43221 Egypt

Future wireless networks could benefit from the energy-efficient, low-latency, and scalable deployments that Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) offer. However, the creation of an effective low overhead channel estimate technique is a major obstacle in RIS-assisted systems, especially given the high number of RIS components and intrinsic hardware constraints. This research examines the uplink of a RIS-empowered multi-user MIMO communication system and presents a novel semi-blind channel estimate approach. Unlike current approaches, which rely on pilot-based channel estimation, our methodology uses data to estimate channels, considerably enhancing the achievable rate. We provide a closed-form deterministic expression for the uplink achievable rate in actual settings where the channel state information (CSI) must be estimated rather than assumed perfect. The results of the simulations show that the formula obtained is accurate, with a close alignment between the deterministic and actual achievable rates (generally between 2 5% deviations). The proposed approach outperforms traditional approaches, resulting in rate increases of up to 35–40%, especially in instances with more RIS elements. These findings illustrate RIS technology's tremendous potential to improve system capacity and coverage, providing useful insights for optimizing RIS adoption in future wireless networks. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Channel state information

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