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App-delivered self-management intervention trial self BACK for people with low back pain: Protocol for implementation and process evaluation

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JMIR Research Protocols 2020年第10期9卷 e20308页

作者： Rasmussen, Charlotte Diana Nørregaard Svendsen, Malene Jagd Wood, Karen Nicholl, Barbara I. Mair, Frances S. Sandal, Louise Fleng Mork, Paul Jarle Søgaard, Karen Bach, Kerstin Stochkendahl, Mette Jensen National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Denmark Odense M Denmark Institute of Health & Wellbeing University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense M Denmark Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern Denmark Odense M Denmark Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics Odense M Denmark

Background: Implementation and process evaluation is vital for understanding how interventions function in different settings, including if and why interventions have different effects or do not work at all. Objective: This paper presents the protocol for an implementation and process evaluation embedded in a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted in Denmark and Norway (the selfBACK project). selfBACK is a data-driven decision support system that provides participants with weekly self-management plans for low back pain. These plans are delivered through a smartphone app and tailored to individual participants by using case-based reasoning methodology. In the trial, we compare selfBACK in addition to usual care with usual care alone. Methods: The aim of this study is to conduct a convergent mixed-methods implementation and process evaluation of the selfBACK app by following the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework. We will evaluate the process of implementing selfBACK and investigate how participants use the intervention in daily life. The evaluation will also cover the reach of the intervention, health care provider willingness to adopt it, and participant satisfaction with the intervention. We will gather quantitative measures by questionnaires and measures of data analytics on app use and perform a qualitative exploration of the implementation using semistructured interviews theoretically informed by normalization process theory. Data collection will be conducted between March 2019 and October 2020. Results: The trial opened for recruitment in February 2019. This mixed-methods implementation and evaluation study is embedded in the randomized controlled trial and will be collecting data from March 2019 to October 2020;dissemination of trial results is planned thereafter. The results from the process evaluation are expected 2021-2022. Conclusions: This study will provide a detailed understanding of how self-management

关键词： Decision support system Digital health intervention Implementation Low back pain MHealth Process evaluation Randomized controlled trial RE-AIM

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Validating and modeling the impact of high-frequency rapid antigen screening on COVID-19 spread and outcomes

Research Square

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Research Square 2020年

作者： Nash, Beatrice Badea, Anthony Reddy, Ankita Bosch, Miguel Salcedo, Nol Gomez, Adam R. Versiani, Alice Silva, Gislaine Celestino Dutra dos Santos, Thayza Maria Izabel Lopes Milhim, Bruno H.G.A. Moraes, Marilia M. Campos, Guilherme Rodrigues Fernandes Quieroz, Flávia Reis, Andreia Francesli Negri Nogueira, Mauricio L. Naumova, Elena N. Bosch, Irene Herrera, Bobby Brooke E25Bio Inc. CambridgeMA United States Department of Computer Science Harvard University School of Engineering and Applied Sciences CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States InfoGeosciences LLC HoustonTX United States São José do Rio Preto Brazil Division of the Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University BostonMA United States Department of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine New YorkNY United States Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States

High frequency screening of populations has been proposed as a strategy in facilitating control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use computational modeling, coupled with clinical data from rapid antigen tests, to predict the impact of frequent viral antigen rapid testing on COVID-19 spread and outcomes. Using patient nasal or nasopharyngeal swab specimens, we demonstrate that the sensitivity/specificity of two rapid antigen tests compared to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) are 80.0%/91.1% and 84.7%/85.7%, respectively;moreover, sensitivity correlates directly with viral load. Based on COVID-19 data from three regions in the United States and São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, we show that high frequency, strategic population-wide rapid testing, even at varied accuracy levels, diminishes COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths at a fraction of the cost of nucleic acid detection via qRT-PCR. We propose large-scale antigen-based surveillance as a viable strategy to control SARSCoV-2 spread and to enable societal re-opening. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Antigens

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Iran in transition (vol 393, pg 1984, 2019)

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LANCET 2019年第10186期393卷 2124-2124页

作者： Danaei, G. Farzadfar, F. Kelishadi, R. [a]Department of Global Health and Population and Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA Department of Global Health and Population and Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA [b]Scientific Association for Public Health in Iran Boston MA USA Scientific Association for Public Health in Iran Boston MA USA [c]Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [d]Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [e]Diabetes Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Diabetes Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [f]Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [g]Department of Global Health and Public Policy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Global Health and Public Policy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [h]Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [i]School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [j]Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Te

Summary Being the second-largest country in the Middle East, Iran has a long history of civilisation during which several dynasties have been overthrown and established and health-related structures have been reorganised. Iran has had the replacement of traditional practices with modern medical treatments, emergence of multiple pioneer scientists and physicians with great contributions to the advancement of science, environmental and ecological changes in addition to large-scale natural disasters, epidemics of multiple communicable diseases, and the shift towards non-communicable diseases in recent decades. Given the lessons learnt from political instabilities in the past centuries and the approaches undertaken to overcome health challenges at the time, Iran has emerged as it is today. Iran is now a country with a population exceeding 80 million, mainly inhabiting urban regions, and has an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, malignancies, mental disorders, substance abuse, and road injuries.

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Examining interconnection and net metering policy for distributed generation in the United States

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Renewable Energy Focus 2017年 22-23卷 10-19页

作者： Schelly, Chelsea Louie, Edward P. Pearce, Joshua M. Department of Social Sciences Michigan Technological University 1400 Townsend Drive HoughtonMI49931 United States School of Public Policy Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331-3703 United States Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University 1400 Townsend Drive HoughtonMI49931 United States

Following requirements of the Energy policy Act of 2005, most U.S. states require utility companies to adopt interconnection and net metering policies, allowing customers to become prosumers who both consume and produce electricity, generating electricity using distributed renewable energy technologies, connecting to the existing electric utility grid and receiving compensation for excess electricity generation. This paper reviews existing interconnection and net metering policies instituted by investor owned utilities (IOUs) across the U.S., specifically focused on policies regulating installations of small scale, residential or Tier 1 (a term used to indicate policies applicable to smaller scale rather than larger scale, although the size at which DG systems are classified as either Tier 1 or higher tiers varies by utility). publicly available data from each IOU reveal inconsistencies in interconnection and net metering policies, within states and even within individual companies. In addition, accurate information is often unavailable to consumers. Perhaps most importantly, results suggest that compensation for excess distributed generation often lacks transparent articulation in utility policy. The results of this study provide important insight into interconnection and net metering policies for distributed renewable energy generation, as states and utilities continue to modify interconnection and net metering policies in response to increased adoption of distributed renewable energy systems. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Distributed power generation

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Towards A Task Taxonomy of Visual Analysis of Electronic Health or Medical Record Data

Towards A Task Taxonomy of Visual Analysis of Electronic Hea...

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IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing (PIC)

作者： Xiaohui Bian Hadi Kharrazi Jesus J. Caban Gaoqi He Zhiquan Feng Jian Chen Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Maryland USA Department of Health Policy and Management The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health Baltimore USA The National Intrepid Center of Excellence Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda USA Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai China School of Information Science and Engineering University of Jinan Jinan China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538676738;9781538676721

We integrate literature- and data-driven task analysis methods to derive an initial task taxonomy for electronic health record (EHR) and electronic medical record (EMR) data analysis. An EHR (EMR) is a digital and longitudinal version of a patients health(medical) information and may include all key clinical events relevant to that persons health (medical) history, such as provider, demographics, progress notes, medicine, diagnosis, etc. Our goal is to arrive a task taxonomy for analyzing EHR (EMR) datasets because tasks play an important role in the design and evaluation of visualization techniques. Our method has three stages: data collection, task modelling, and task taxonomy summary. In data collection, we first survey related literature from the past two decades and extract typical tasks and corresponding data by extracting goals and scenarios of the particular work. We introduce multiple continuous relations to describe specific binary or multiple continuous relation-seeking tasks. Finally, we arrive an initial set of task types for EHR/EMR analysis that guide the design and evaluation of visualization techniques.

关键词： Task analysis Data visualization Medical diagnostic imaging Taxonomy History Data mining Visualization

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Repurposing an Energy System Optimization Model for Seasonal Power Generation Planning

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： de Queiroz, A.R. Mulcahy, D. Sankarasubramanian, A. Deane, J.P. Mahinthakumar, G. Lu, N. DeCarolis, J.F. Department of Decision Sciences School of Business NC Central University 1801 Fayetteville Rd DurhamNC27707 United States Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering NC State University 2501 Stinson Drive Box 7908 RaleighNC27695 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NC State University 890 Oval Drive RaleighNC27606 United States Energy Policy and Modelling Group University College Cork College Road CorkT12 K8AF Ireland

Seasonal climate variations affect electricity demand, which in turn affects month-to-month electricity planning and operations. Electricity system planning at the monthly timescale can be improved by adapting climate forecasts to estimate electricity demand and utilizing energy models to estimate monthly electricity generation and associated operational costs. The objective of this paper is to develop and test a computationally efficient model that can support seasonal planning while preserving key aspects of system operation over hourly and daily timeframes. To do so, an energy system optimization model is repurposed for seasonal planning using features drawn from a unit commitment model. Different scenarios utilizing a well-known test system are used to evaluate the errors associated with both the repurposed energy system model and an imperfect load forecast. The results show that the energy system optimization model using an imperfect load forecast produces differences in monthly cost and generation levels that are less than 2% compared with a unit commitment model using a perfect load forecast. The enhanced energy system optimization model can be solved approximately 100 times faster than the unit commitment model, making it a suitable tool for future work aimed at evaluating seasonal electricity generation and demand under uncertainty. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mathematical programming

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engineering Approaches to Assessing Hydration Status

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IEEE Reviews in Biomedical engineering 2018年 11卷 233-248页

作者： Garrett, David C. Rae, Nyssa Fletcher, Jared R. Zarnke, Sasha Thorson, Sarah Hogan, David B. Fear, Elise C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada W21C Research and Innovation Centre O'Brien Institute for Public Health Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Medicine Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada

Dehydration is a common condition characterized by a decrease in total body water. Acute dehydration can cause physical and cognitive impairment, heat stroke and exhaustion, and, if severe and uncorrected, even death. The health effects of chronic mild dehydration are less well studied with urolithiasis (kidney stones) the only condition consistently associated with it. Aside from infants and those with particular medical conditions, athletes, military personnel, manual workers, and older adults are at particular risk of dehydration due to their physical activity, environmental exposure, and/or challenges in maintaining fluid homeostasis. This review describes the different approaches that have been explored for hydration assessment in adults. These include clinical indicators perceived by the patient or detected by a practitioner and routine laboratory analyses of blood and urine. These techniques have variable accuracy and practicality outside of controlled environments, creating a need for simple, portable, and rapid hydration monitoring devices. We review the wide array of devices proposed for hydration assessment based on optical, electromagnetic, chemical, and acoustical properties of tissue and bodily fluids. However, none of these approaches has yet emerged as a reliable indicator in diverse populations across various settings, motivating efforts to develop new methods of hydration assessment. © 2008-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Dehydration

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Mobile Health–Supported Virtual Reality and Group Problem Management Plus: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial Among Urban Refugee and Displaced Youth in Kampala, Uganda (Tushirikiane4MH, Supporting Each Other for Mental Health)

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JMIR Research Protocols 2022年第12期11卷 e42342页

作者： Logie, Carmen H. Okumu, Moses Kortenaar, Jean-Luc Gittings, Lesley Khan, Naimul Hakiza, Robert Musoke, Daniel Kibuuka Nakitende, Aidah Katisi, Brenda Kyambadde, Peter Khan, Torsum Lester, Richard Mbuagbaw, Lawrence Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Women's College Research Institute Women's College Hospital Toronto ON Canada Institute for Water Environment & Health United Nations University Hamilton ON Canada Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity Vancouver BC Canada School of Social Work University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States School of Social Sciences Uganda Christian University Mukono Uganda Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada School of Health Studies Faculty of Health Sciences Western University London ON Canada Centre for Social Science Research University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada Young African Refugees for Integral Development Kampala Uganda International Research Consortium Kampala Uganda National AIDS and STI Control Programme Ministry of Health Kampala Uganda Most At Risk Population Initiative Mulago Hospital Kampala Uganda Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Department of Anesthesia McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Biostatistics Unit Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton ON Canada Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa

Background: Although mental health challenges disproportionately affect people in humanitarian contexts, most refugee youth do not receive the mental health support needed. Uganda is the largest refugee-hosting nation in Africa, hosting over 1.58 million refugees in 2022, with more than 111,000 living in the city of Kampala. There is limited information about effective and feasible interventions to improve mental health outcomes and mental health literacy, and to reduce mental health stigma among urban refugee adolescents and youth in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Virtual reality (VR) is a promising approach to reduce stigma and improve mental health and coping, yet such interventions have not yet been tested in LMICs where most forcibly displaced people reside. Group Problem Management Plus (GPM+) is a scalable brief psychological transdiagnostic intervention for people experiencing a range of adversities, but has not been tested with adolescents and youth to date. Further, mobile health (mHealth) strategies have demonstrated promise in promoting mental health literacy. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of two youth-tailored mental health interventions (VR alone and VR combined with GMP+) in comparison with the standard of care in improving mental health outcomes among refugee and displaced youth aged 16-24 years in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will be implemented across five informal settlements grouped into three sites, based on proximity, and randomized in a 1:1:1 design. Approximately 330 adolescents (110 per cluster) are enrolled and will be followed for approximately 16 weeks. Data will be collected at three time points: baseline enrollment, 8 weeks following enrollment, and 16 weeks after enrollment. Primary (depression) and secondary outcomes (mental health literacy, attitudes toward mental help–seeking, adaptive coping, mental health stigma, mental well

关键词： adolescents and youth implementation research mental health mobile health refugee Uganda urban virtual reality

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Non-invasive Wearable System for Hypoglycemia Detection: A Proof of Concept User-Centered Design Process

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Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 2018年第1期62卷 1052 - 1056页

作者： Yibo Zhu Karim Zahed Ranjana K. Mehta Farzan Sasangohar Madhav Erraguntla Mark Lawley Hasan Tahir Abbas Khaled Qaraqe School of Public Health Department of Environmental and Occupational Safety Texas A&M University College Station TX Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas A&M University Qatar Doha Qatar

About 425 million adults around the world were living with diabetes in 2017. A relevant condition called Hypoglycemia is characterized by a dangerous low level of blood sugar that could be fatal to diabetic patients. Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) are the most popular commercially available technology for detecting diabetic hypoglycemia. However, CGMSs are invasive, costly, and not user-centric thereby not sustainable for diabetes management. This paper documents our initial efforts in designing an inexpensive, non-invasive, wearable physiological tremor sensory system to detect the onset of hypoglycemic events of diabetic patients. The design cycle briefly presented here includes: 1) determination of system (technology and user) requirements, 2) development of the tremor detection prototype, and 3) testing and validation of the system in non-clinical and clinical settings using human factors, data analytics, and biomedical sciences techniques and approaches.

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Publisher Correction: The effect of large-scale anti-contagion policies on the COVID-19 pandemic

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Nature 2020年第7824期585卷 E7页

作者： Solomon Hsiang Daniel Allen Sébastien Annan-Phan Kendon Bell Ian Bolliger Trinetta Chong Hannah Druckenmiller Luna Yue Huang Andrew Hultgren Emma Krasovich Peiley Lau Jaecheol Lee Esther Rolf Jeanette Tseng Tiffany Wu Global Policy Laboratory Goldman School of Public Policy UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. shsiang@berkeley.edu. National Bureau of Economic Research Cambridge MA USA. shsiang@berkeley.edu. Centre for Economic Policy Research London UK. shsiang@berkeley.edu. Global Policy Laboratory Goldman School of Public Policy UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Agricultural & Resource Economics UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research Auckland New Zealand. Energy & Resources Group UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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