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Promoting resilience for food, energy, and water interdependencies

Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences 2016年第1期6卷 50-61页

作者： Zimmerman, Rae Zhu, Quanyan Dimitri, Carolyn Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (www.nyu.edu/icis) Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service New York University 295 Lafayette Street–2nd Floor New York 10012 NY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tandon School of Engineering New York University 5 MetroTech Center-LC200A Brooklyn 11201 NY United States Departments of Nutrition Food Studies and Public Health Steinhardt School New York University New York 10003 NY United States

This paper presents relationships among food, energy, and water (FEW) systems, reflecting the interconnections among the energy/water, water/energy, water/food, and energy/food sectors. First, a unique approach uses metrics and quantification to reflect interdependencies among these sectors. Next, changes in food technology and practices are put forth in terms of impacts changes are likely to produce for a set of FEW system relationships. Organic farming or shifts in food consumption patterns, such as reduced meat consumption, are two examples of changes in food technology and practices that could affect water and energy use. From a policy perspective, changes in energy and water policy can potentially facilitate increased water conservation and greater use of renewable energy sources;such policy shifts are addressed in terms of changes to metrics and/or their values. The purpose of this work is to establish a network model that quantifies interdependencies among different sectors in terms of resource usage. The model is flexible and can accommodate other factors such as cyberphysical and logical interdependencies. The established model that these metrics provide inputs for enables analysis and design of the resilience mechanisms for FEW complex systems. Examples are used to illustrate the concepts developed in this work. © 2016, AESS.

关键词： Food-energy-water production tradeoffs Infrastructure interdependencies Network analysis Organic agriculture Resilience

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Title: Learning bundled care opportunities from electronic medical records

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Chen, You Kho, Abel N. Liebovitz, David Ivory, Catherine Osmundson, Sarah Bian, Jiang Malin, Bradley A. Dept. of Biomedical Informatics School of Medicine Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Institute for Public Health and Medicine Northwestern University ChicagoIL United States School of Medicine University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States School of Nursing Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Dept. of Health Outcomes and Policy University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Dept. of Biostatistics School of Medicine Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States

Objective: The traditional fee-for-service approach to healthcare leads to the management of a patient's conditions in an independent manner, inducing various negative consequences. It is recognized that a bundled care approach to healthcare-one that manages a collection of health conditions together-may enable greater efficacy and cost savings. However, it is not always evident which sets of conditions should be managed in a bundled manner. Thus, we investigated how a data-driven approach could be applied to automatically learn potential bundles and evaluate their plausibility. Methods: To accomplish this research, we designed a data-driven framework to infer clusters of health conditions, which we referred to as phenotypic patterns, via their shared clinical workflows, which we refer to as coordinating care patterns, from the data inherent in electronic medical records (EMRs). We applied the framework with approximately 16,500 inpatient stays from a large medical center. The plausibility of the inferred health condition clusters for bundled care was assessed through a survey (whose responses were analyzed via an analysis of variance (ANOVA) under a 95% confidence interval) of a panel of five experts. Furthermore, the face validity of the inferred health condition clusters was confirmed by evidence in the published literature. Results: The framework inferred four condition clusters: 1) fetal abnormalities, 2) late pregnancies, 3) prostate problems, and 4) chronic diseases (with congestive heart failure featuring prominently). Each cluster had evidence in the literature and was deemed to be plausible for bundled care via ANOVA on the survey responses under a 95% confidence interval. Conclusions: The findings suggest that data from EMRs can provide a basis for discovering new directions in bundled care. Still, translating such findings into actual care management will require further refinement, implementation, and evaluation. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All right

关键词： Data mining

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Correction to: Comprehensive benchmarking and ensemble approaches for metagenomic classifiers

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Genome biology 2019年第1期20卷 72页

作者： Alexa B R McIntyre Rachid Ounit Ebrahim Afshinnekoo Robert J Prill Elizabeth Hénaff Noah Alexander Samuel S Minot David Danko Jonathan Foox Sofia Ahsanuddin Scott Tighe Nur A Hasan Poorani Subramanian Kelly Moffat Shawn Levy Stefano Lonardi Nick Greenfield Rita R Colwell Gail L Rosen Christopher E Mason Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine New York NY USA. Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10021 USA. The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine New York NY 10021 USA. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA. School of Medicine New York Medical College Valhalla NY 10595 USA. Accelerated Discovery Lab IBM Almaden Research Center San Jose CA 95120 USA. One Codex Reference Genomics San Francisco CA 94103 USA. University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA. CosmosID Inc Rockville MD 20850 USA. Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) College Park MD 20742 USA. HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology Huntsville AL 35806 USA. Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA. gail.l.rosen@***. Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10021 USA. chm2042@med.cornell.edu. The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine New York NY 10021 USA. chm2042@med.cornell.edu. The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute New York NY 10065 USA. chm2042@med.cornell.edu.

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors would like to highlight the following two corrections.

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Possibilities to decrease the electric field exposure with a shield over worker under the 400 kV power lines

Possibilities to decrease the electric field exposure with a...

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Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS)

作者： Rauno Pääkkönen Leena Korpinen Hiroo Tarao Fabriziomaria Gobba Environmental Health Tampere University of Technology Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kagawa National College of Technology Japan Department of Public Health Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781509060948

The aim of the paper was to present examples of electric field measurements using a piece of shielding net under power lines and above the subject. We performed experiments under power lines using a ladder and constructed different shield nets. We conducted five experiments: (1) ladder was not grounded, (2) ladder was grounded; (3) ladder with a 60×60 cm fish net shield (grounded); (4) ladder with 145 × 60 cm fish net shield (grounded); and (5) the ladder with a chicken net shield (grounded). In the measurement place, the electric field was 5.1 kV/m (height 1.7 m). Our experimental shields could decrease the electric field relatively well.

关键词： Electromagnetics Electric variables measurement Sparks Grounding Steel Health and safety Europe

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Author Correction: Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Nature communications 2020年第1期11卷 6292页

作者： Zhu Liu Philippe Ciais Zhu Deng Ruixue Lei Steven J Davis Sha Feng Bo Zheng Duo Cui Xinyu Dou Biqing Zhu Rui Guo Piyu Ke Taochun Sun Chenxi Lu Pan He Yuan Wang Xu Yue Yilong Wang Yadong Lei Hao Zhou Zhaonan Cai Yuhui Wu Runtao Guo Tingxuan Han Jinjun Xue Olivier Boucher Eulalie Boucher Frédéric Chevallier Katsumasa Tanaka Yiming Wei Haiwang Zhong Chongqing Kang Ning Zhang Bin Chen Fengming Xi Miaomiao Liu François-Marie Bréon Yonglong Lu Qiang Zhang Dabo Guan Peng Gong Daniel M Kammen Kebin He Hans Joachim Schellnhuber Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. zhuliu@***. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ Centre d'Etudes Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette France. Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232Croul Hall Irvine CA USA. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing China. School of Mathematical School Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China. Center of Hubei Cooperative Innovation for Emissions Trading System Wuhan China. Faculty of Management and Economics Kunming University of Science and Technology 13 Kunming China. Economic Research Centre of Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya Japan. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université/CNRS Paris France. Université Paris Dauphine Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny 75016 Paris France.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1038/s41467-020-20254-5.

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Dynamic line parameter estimation using Synchrophasor Measurements

Dynamic line parameter estimation using Synchrophasor Measur...

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International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (ICIAfS)

作者： Anton C. Sameepa Hettiarachchige-Don Visvakumar Aravinthan Ward Jewell Shawn Westervelt Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Wichita State University Kansas U.S.A. Substation Protection Engineer Omaha Public Power District Nebraska U.S.A.

ISBN: (纸本)9781509061334

This paper proposes a novel methodology for the calculation and estimation of transmission line impedance with the use of real time data from synchrophasor measurement units. Current synchrophasor standards do not provide impedance data and must therefore be calculated. The algorithms used in this paper include impedance calculation, outlier detection and elimination as well as denoising using regularized least square estimation. The proposed methodology operates using a small sample size and can therefore be applied in real time to provide operators with instantaneous impedance values from transmission lines. The paper also investigates how changing several methodology parameters can affect the accuracy of the output obtained. The overall methodology as well as these parameters have been tested using real synchrophasor data from an American utility provider.

关键词： Phasor measurement units Real-time systems Estimation Impedance Transmission line measurements Power transmission lines Noise reduction

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Metasurface-based ultrathin carpet cloak

Metasurface-based ultrathin carpet cloak

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： B. Orazbayev N. Mohammadi Estakhri M. Beruete A. Alù TERALAB (MmW—THz—IR & Plasmonics Laboratory) Public University of Navarra Pamplona Spain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA Institute of Smart Cities Public University of Navarra Pamplona Spain

Here we present the design and numerical results for an ultrathin unidirectional carpet cloak based on the restoration of the phase of the reflected wave. This ultrathin carpet cloak conceals a triangular surface bump with center height of 4.1 mm and tilt angle of 20 deg. The cloaking metasurface consists of an array of closed ring resonators, which allow an efficient phase manipulation along the edge of the bump. The numerical results at operation frequency f0 = 80 GHz demonstrate a good performance of the designed cloak in both near field and far field. The presented cloak has a thin, lightweight, and easy to fabricate design for radio and THz frequencies and can find applications in radar and antenna systems.

关键词： Metamaterials Plasmons Optical surface waves Optical ring resonators Radar antennas Scattering Electromagnetics

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Making air pollution visible: A tool for promoting environmental health literacy

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JMIR public Health and Surveillance 2017年第2期3卷 e16页

作者： Cleary, Ekaterina Galkina Patton, Allison P. Wu, Hsin-Ching Xie, Alan Stubblefield, Joseph Mass, William Grinstein, Georges Koch-Weser, Susan Brugge, Doug Wong, Carolyn Center for Integration of Science and Industry Bentley University Waltham MA United States Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway NJ United States Department of Public Policy and Public Affairs University of Massachusetts Boston Boston MA United States Institute for Asian American Studies University of Massachusetts Boston Boston MA United States Computer Science Department University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA United States Center for Data Science University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA United States Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tufts University Medford MA United States Tisch College of Civic Life Tufts University Medford MA United States

Background: Digital maps are instrumental in conveying information about environmental hazards geographically. For laypersons, computer-based maps can serve as tools to promote environmental health literacy about invisible traffic-related air pollution and ultrafine particles. Concentrations of these pollutants are higher near major roadways and increasingly linked to adverse health effects. Interactive computer maps provide visualizations that can allow users to build mental models of the spatial distribution of ultrafine particles in a community and learn about the risk of exposure in a geographic context. Objective: The objective of this work was to develop a new software tool appropriate for educating members of the Boston Chinatown community (Boston, MA, USA) about the nature and potential health risks of traffic-related air pollution. The tool, the Interactive Map of Chinatown Traffic Pollution (“Air Pollution Map” hereafter), is a prototype that can be adapted for the purpose of educating community members across a range of socioeconomic contexts. Methods: We built the educational visualization tool on the open source Weave software platform. We designed the tool as the centerpiece of a multimodal and intergenerational educational intervention about the health risk of traffic-related air pollution. We used a previously published fine resolution (20 m) hourly land-use regression model of ultrafine particles as the algorithm for predicting pollution levels and applied it to one neighborhood, Boston Chinatown. In designing the map, we consulted community experts to help customize the user interface to communication styles prevalent in the target community. Results: The product is a map that displays ultrafine particulate concentrations averaged across census blocks using a color gradation from white to dark red. The interactive features allow users to explore and learn how changing meteorological conditions and traffic volume influence ultrafine particle concent

关键词： Air pollution computer visualization computer-based education Digital cartography Environmental health Environmental health literacy Health communication Immigrant education Ultrafine particles

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Use of simulators to explore specialty recommendation for a palpable breast mass

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American Journal of Surgery 2015年第4期210卷 618-623页

作者： Laufer, Shlomi Ray, Rebecca D. Jones, Grace F. Pugh, Carla M. Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin College of Engineering Madison WI United States

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate recommendation patterns of different specialties for the work-up of a palpable breast mass using simulated scenarios and clinical breast examination models. Methods Study participants were a convenience sample of physicians (n = 318) attending annual surgical, family practice, and obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) conferences. Two different silicone-based breast models (superficial mass vs chest wall mass) were used to test clinical breast examination skills and recommendation patterns (imaging, tissue sampling, and follow-up). Results Participants were more likely to recommend mammography (P <.001) and core biopsy (P <.0001) and less likely to recommend needle aspiration (P <.043) and 1-month follow-up (P <.001) for the chest wall mass compared with the superficial mass. Family practitioners were less likely to recommend ultrasound (P <.001) and obstetrics and gynecologists were less likely to recommend mammogram (P <.006) across models. Surgeons were more likely to recommend core biopsy and less likely to recommend needle aspiration across models (P <.001). Conclusions Recommendation patterns differed across the 2 models in line with existing practice guidelines. Additionally, differences in practice patterns between primary care and specialty providers may represent varying clinician capabilities, healthcare resources, and individual preferences. Our work shows that simulation may be used to track adherence to practice guidelines for breast masses. © 2015 Elsevier *** rights reserved.

关键词： Assessment Breast cancer Clinical breast examination Palpable breast mass Sensors Simulation Validity

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Enhancing Multimedia Imbalanced Concept Detection Using VIMP in Random Forests

Enhancing Multimedia Imbalanced Concept Detection Using VIMP...

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IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IRI)

作者： Saad Sadiq Yilin Yan Mei-Ling Shyu Shu-Ching Chen Hemant Ishwaran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University Miami FL USA Department of Public Health Sciences University of Miami Miami FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509032082

Recent developments in social media and cloud storage lead to an exponential growth in the amount of multimedia data, which increases the complexity of managing, storing, indexing, and retrieving information from such big data. Many current content-based concept detection approaches lag from successfully bridging the semantic gap. To solve this problem, a multi-stage random forest framework is proposed to generate predictor variables based on multivariate regressions using variable importance (VIMP). By fine tuning the forests and significantly reducing the predictor variables, the concept detection scores are evaluated when the concept of interest is rare and imbalanced, i.e., having little collaboration with other high level concepts. Using classical multivariate statistics, estimating the value of one coordinate using other coordinates standardizes the covariates and it depends upon the variance of the correlations instead of the mean. Thus, conditional dependence on the data being normally distributed is eliminated. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms those approaches in the comparison in terms of the Mean Average Precision (MAP) values.

关键词： Vegetation Testing Multimedia communication Correlation Semantics Training Multivariate regression

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