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International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices, (NUSOD)

作者： Qian Wang Seng-Tiong Ho Data Storage Institute Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Department Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

Numerical simulation of a nano-disk based plasmonic laser is presented. A semiconductor nano-disk embedded in the gold forms a cavity for the plasmonic laser. One-dimensional body-of-revolution finite-difference-time-domain incorporated with Drude model for the metal and multilevel/multi-electron gain medium model is developed for the simulation. The lasing performance of the nanodisk with a radius of 90 nm is numerically demonstrated.

关键词： Semiconductor lasers Laser modes Numerical models Cavity resonators Waveguide lasers Finite difference methods Metals

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Local sufficient rate constraints for guaranteed capacity region in multi-radio multi-channel wireless networks

Local sufficient rate constraints for guaranteed capacity re...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Hongkun Li Yu Cheng Peng-Jun Wan Jiannong Cao Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology USA Department of Computer Science Illinois Institute of Technology USA Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424499199

It is very challenging to compute the capacity region of a multi-radio multi-channel (MR-MC) network, which involves complex resource contention including the co-channel interferences and radio interface contentions. In this paper, we study the local sufficient rate constraints that can be constructed at each network node in a distributed manner to ensure a feasible flow allocation for the MR-MC network. The analysis of capacity region with the rate constraints is facilitated by our tool of multi-dimensional conflict graph (MDCG), which systematically describes all kinds of conflict relationships in an MR-MC network. Specially, we establish two types of local sufficient constraints, the neighborhood constraint and the sufficient clique constraint, respectively; and both types can ensure a constant portion of the optimal capacity region, termed as capacity efficiency ratio. The capacity efficiency ratios associated with the neighborhood constraint and the sufficient clique constraint are related to the analysis of the interference degree and the imperfection ratio of an MDCG, respectively. A specific challenge is that methodology computing the interference degree and the imperfection ratio of single-radio single-channel (SR-SC) networks could not be directly extended to the MR-MC context, because MR-MC network has disruptively different geometric properties compared to the SR-SC network: In an MR-MC network, the geometric closeness does not necessarily imply interference due to possible parallel transmissions over different radios and channels. The fundamental contributions of this paper are the theoretical studies of the interference degree and the imperfection ratio of an MDCG, revealing how such graphical characteristics are related to those in the SR-SC context under the impact of the MR-MC geometric property. We also present extensive numerical results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed local sufficient constraints in ensuring a larger capacity reg

关键词： Context Schedules Interchannel interference Resource management Upper bound Mathematical model

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RCFile: A fast and space-efficient data placement structure in MapReduce-based warehouse systems

RCFile: A fast and space-efficient data placement structure ...

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International Conference on data engineering

作者： Yongqiang He Rubao Lee Yin Huai Zheng Shao Namit Jain Xiaodong Zhang Zhiwei Xu Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State Uinversity USA Facebook Data Infrastructure Team

ISBN: (纸本)9781424489596

MapReduce-based data warehouse systems are playing important roles of supporting big data analytics to understand quickly the dynamics of user behavior trends and their needs in typical Web service providers and social network sites (e.g., Facebook). In such a system, the data placement structure is a critical factor that can affect the warehouse performance in a fundamental way. Based on our observations and analysis of Facebook production systems, we have characterized four requirements for the data placement structure: (1) fast data loading, (2) fast query processing, (3) highly efficient storage space utilization, and (4) strong adaptivity to highly dynamic workload patterns. We have examined three commonly accepted data placement structures in conventional databases, namely row-stores, column-stores, and hybrid-stores in the context of large data analysis using MapReduce. We show that they are not very suitable for big data processing in distributed systems. In this paper, we present a big data placement structure called RCFile (Record Columnar File) and its implementation in the Hadoop system. With intensive experiments, we show the effectiveness of RCFile in satisfying the four requirements. RCFile has been chosen in Facebook data warehouse system as the default option. It has also been adopted by Hive and Pig, the two most widely used data analysis systems developed in Facebook and Yahoo!

关键词： Facebook data storage systems data handling Information management data warehouses data compression Query processing

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Flexible Electronics: Stretchable Semiconductor Technologies with High Areal Coverages and Strain-Limiting Behavior: Demonstration in High-Efficiency Dual-Junction GaInP/GaAs Photovoltaics (Small 12/2012)

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Small 2012年第12期8卷

作者： Jongho Lee Jian Wu Jae Ha Ryu Zhuangjian Liu Matthew Meitl Yong-Wei Zhang Yonggang Huang John A. Rogers Department of Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712 Korea Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis 138632 Singapore Semprius 4915 Prospectus Dr. Durham NC 27713 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Chemistry Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

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Cognitive computational models of emotions

Cognitive computational models of emotions

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IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics

作者： Luis-Felipe Rodríguez Félix Ramos Yingxu Wang Department of Computer Science CINVESTAV Zapopan Jalisco Mexico International Institute of Cognitive Informatics and Cognitive Computing (IICICC) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada

Emotions are one of the important unconscious mechanisms that influence human behaviors, attentions, and decision making. The emotion process helps to determine how humans perceive their internal status and needs in order to form consciousness of an individual. Emotions have been studied from multidisciplinary perspectives and covered a wide range of empirical and psychological topics, such as understanding the emotional processes, creating cognitive and computational models of emotions, and applications in computational intelligence. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of cognitive and computational models of emotions resulted from multidisciplinary studies. We concentrate on exploring how cognitive models have served as the theoretical basis of the computational models of emotions. A comparative analysis of current approaches is elaborated with discussions of how recent advances in this area may improve the development of a coherent Cognitive Computational Model of Emotions (C 2 MEs), which leads to the machine simulated emotions for cognitive robots and autonomous agent systems in cognitive informatics and cognitive computing.

关键词： Computational modeling Biological system modeling Artificial neural networks Emotion recognition Robots

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A binary integer programming solution for optimal reliability of computer relaying software incorporating redundancy

A binary integer programming solution for optimal reliabilit...

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IEEE Recent Advances in Intelligent Computational Systems (RAICS)

作者： N. Madhusudana Rao V. M. K. Prasad Goura Diptendu Sinha Roy D. K. Mohanta School of Computing Sastra University Thanjavur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Columbia I.E.T Raipur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of S.T Berhampur India Department of Electrical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra India

Software reliability assessment is an area of prime importance of today, more so since computers have pervaded to practically all aspects of our lives. Moreover many software based commercial and governmental systems require very high mission reliability. To meet this, both the hardware as well as the software has to be extremely reliable. Software reliability is known to improve with the amount of testing efforts invested, which in turn leverages the cost of software development and in turn system cost. Constructing systems employing redundant inferior units that are relatively cheap is a well known alternative. Using the N-version programming paradigm, the same can be applied to software, but the cost factor becomes a major issue. The degree of redundancy employed affects reliability favorably, while increasing the cost of software design and development. In this paper, an approach to enumerate the optimal redundancy for software systems has been explored and a binary integer programming solution for the same has been presented. The methodology has been applied to the case study of a computer relay software that is employed for fault handling in power system transmission lines.

关键词： Software Software reliability Relays computers Software algorithms Programming

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An Application of Markov Jump Process Model for Activity-Based Indoor Mobility Prediction in Wireless Networks

An Application of Markov Jump Process Model for Activity-Bas...

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Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT)

作者： Joanna Kolodziej Samee Ullah Khan Lizhe Wang Nasro Min-Allah Sajjad A. Madani Nasir Ghani Hongxiang Li Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biala Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University Bloomington IN USA Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

One of the most important objectives of a wireless network is to facilitate a prediction of users mobility regardless of their point of attachment to the network. In indoor environments the effective users motion prediction system and wireless localization technology play an important role in all aspects of peoples daily lives. In this paper we propose an activity-based continuous-time Markov model to define and predict the human movement patterns. This model is a simple extension of an Activity based Mobility Prediction algorithm using Markov modeling (AMPuMM) technique. Both models are experimentally evaluated in realistic small university campus scenario. The obtained results show us the high efficiency of the jump methodology in the prediction of the students activities in the indoor campus environment.

关键词： Markov processes Predictive models Educational institutions Vectors Wireless networks computer science Analytical models

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Energy-Aware High Performance computing: A Taxonomy Study

Energy-Aware High Performance Computing: A Taxonomy Study

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Chang Cai Lizhe Wang Samee U. Khan Jie Tao School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences China Pervasive Technology Institute Indiana University USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Dakota State University USA Steinbuch Centre of Computing Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany

To reduce the energy consumption and build a sustainable computer infrastructure now becomes a major goal of the high performance community. A number of research projects have been carried out in the field of energy-aware high performance computing. This paper is devoted to categorize energy-aware computing methods for the high-end computing infrastructures, such as servers, clusters, data centers, and Grids/Clouds. Based on a taxonomy of methods and system scales, this paper reviews the current status of energy-aware HPC research and summarizes open questions and research directions of software architecture for future energy-aware HPC studies.

关键词： Servers Green products Power demand Computational modeling USA Councils Program processors Monitoring

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基于漏电变化表征的参数偏差在线预测方法

基于漏电变化表征的参数偏差在线预测方法

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第七届中国测试学术会议

作者： Jin Song 靳松 Han Yinhe 韩银和 Xu Qiang 徐强 Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering School of Electrical and Electronic Engineer 华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院电子与通信工程系保定071003 State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of 中国科学院计算技术研究所计算机体系结构国家重点实验室北京100190 CUhk REliable Computing Laboratory(CURE) Department of Computer Science&Engineering The Chinese Un 香港中文大学计算机科学与工程系

负偏置温度不稳定(NBTI)引发的动态参数偏差给集成电路的生命期可靠性带来严重威胁。已有的方法主要通过设计片上检测电路实时监测关键通路的时延偏差来阻止NBTI导致的电路失效。然而，不断恶化的静、动参数偏差，不断增加的设计复杂度... 详细信息

负偏置温度不稳定(NBTI)引发的动态参数偏差给集成电路的生命期可靠性带来严重威胁。已有的方法主要通过设计片上检测电路实时监测关键通路的时延偏差来阻止NBTI导致的电路失效。然而，不断恶化的静、动参数偏差，不断增加的设计复杂度以及片上检测电路所引入的面积开销会影响上述方法的应用效果。为了弥补已有方法的不足，本文提出以测量到的电路漏电变化为表征，预测NBTI导致的电路时延偏差。首先，通过施加一组测量向量得到的电路漏电变化量被联立成一个方程组;求解方程组后可以得到关键通路上关键门的漏电变化量。随后，根据描述漏电变化与时延偏差相关性的分析表达式来预测任意关键通路的时延偏差。提出的方法对电路工作过程中的实时噪声免疫，且可以通过增加漏电测量时间抵消参数偏差对预测结果的影响。实验结果表明，提出的方法能够以可接受的精度损失有效地预测NBTI导致的电路时延偏差。

关键词：纳米集成电路负偏置温度不稳定性漏电变化时延监测

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Memory Efficient On-Line Streaming for Multichannel Spike Train Analysis

Memory Efficient On-Line Streaming for Multichannel Spike Tr...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Bo Yu Terrence Mak Leslie Smith Yihe Sun Alex Yakovlev Chi-Sang Poon Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Department of Computing Science and Mathematics University of Stirling Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology MIT

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

Rapid advances in multichannel neural signal recording technologies in recent years have spawned broad applications in neuro-prostheses and neuro-rehabilitation. The dramatic increase in data bandwidth and volume associated with multichannel recording requires a significant computational effort which presents major design challenges for brain-machine interface (BMI) system in terms of power dissipation and hardware area. In this paper, we present a streaming method for implementing real-time memory efficient neural signal processing hardware. This method exploits the pseudo-stationary property of neural signals and, thus, eliminates the need of temporal storage in batch-based processing. The proposed technique can significantly reduce memory size and dynamic power while effectively maintaining the accuracy of algorithms. The streaming kernel is robust when compared to the batch processing over a range of BMI benchmark algorithms. The advantages of the streaming kernel when implemented on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) devices are also demonstrated.

关键词： Streaming Batch processing Field programmable gate arrays Power dissipation signal processing

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