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arXiv 2019年

作者： Akiyama, Kazunori Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Baloković, Mislav Barrett, John Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Boland, Wilfred Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cui, Yuzhu Davelaar, Jordy de Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Dexter, Jason Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eatough, Ralph P. Falcke, Heino Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Freeman, William T. Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Gómez, José L. Galison, Peter Gammie, Charles F. García, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Junhan Kim, Jongsoo Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Michael Kramer, Carsten Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu Lauer, Tod R. Lee, Sang-Sung Li, Yan-Rong Li, Zhiyuan Lindqvist, Michael Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Matsushita, Satoki Menten, Karl M. Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, Izumi Moran, James M. Moriyama, Kotaro Moscibrodzka, Monika Müller, Cornelia Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nakamura, Masanori National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Rd CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road WestfordMA01886 United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València C. Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot ValènciaE-46100 Spain Observatori Astronòmic Universitat de València C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2 PaternaValènciaE-46980 Spain Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States East Asian Observatory 660 N. A’ohoku Pl. HiloHI96720 United States PO Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Boulevard PasadenaCA91125 United States Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 645 N. A’ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique 300 rue de la Piscine Saint Martin d’HèresF-38406 France Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daedeok-daero 776 Yuseon

We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of M87, using observations from April 2017 at 1.3 mm wavelength. These images show a prominent ring with a diameter of ∼40 μas, consistent with the size and shape of the lensed photon orbit encircling the "shadow" of a supermassive black hole. The ring is persistent across four observing nights and shows enhanced brightness in the south. To assess the reliability of these results, we implemented a two-stage imaging procedure. In the first stage, four teams, each blind to the others’ work, produced images of M87 using both an established method (CLEAN) and a newer technique (regularized maximum likelihood). This stage allowed us to avoid shared human bias and to assess common features among independent reconstructions. In the second stage, we reconstructed synthetic data from a large survey of imaging parameters and then compared the results with the corresponding ground truth images. This stage allowed us to select parameters objectively to use when reconstructing images of M87. Across all tests in both stages, the ring diameter and asymmetry remained stable, insensitive to the choice of imaging technique. We describe the EHT imaging procedures, the primary image features in M87, and the dependence of these features on imaging assumptions. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Gammapy: A Python package for gamma-ray astronomy

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Donath, Axel Terrier, Régis Remy, Quentin Sinha, Atreyee Nigro, Cosimo Pintore, Fabio Khélifi, Bruno Olivera-Nieto, Laura Ruiz, Jose Enrique Brügge, Kai Linhoff, Maximilian Contreras, Jose Luis Acero, Fabio Aguasca-Cabot, Arnau Berge, David Bhattacharjee, Pooja Buchner, Johannes Boisson, Catherine Fidalgo, David Carreto Chen, Andrew de Lavergne, Mathieu de Bony de Miranda Cardoso, José Vinícius Deil, Christoph Füßling, Matthias Funk, Stefan Giunti, Luca Hinton, Jim Jouvin, Léa King, Johannes Lefaucheur, Julien Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne Lenain, Jean-Philippe López-Coto, Rubén Mohrmann, Lars Morcuende, Daniel Panny, Sebastian Regeard, Maxime Saha, Lab Siejkowski, Hubert Siemiginowska, Aneta Sipőcz, Brigitta M. Unbehaun, Tim van Eldik, Christopher Vuillaume, Thomas Zanin, Roberta Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian United States Université de Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik P.O. Box 103980 HeidelbergD 69029 Germany IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain INAF/IASF Palermo Via U. La Malfa 153 PA Palermo90146 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Point8 GmbH Germany Astroparticle Physics Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a DortmundD-44227 Germany Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Cité CEA CNRS AIM Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France c. Martí i Franqués 1 Barcelona08028 Spain c. Martí i Franqués 1 Barcelona08028 Spain c. Gran Capità 2-4 Barcelona08034 Spain Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Institute of physics Humboldt-University of Berlin BerlinD-12489 Germany Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules - IN2P3 Annecy74000 France Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstrasse Garching85748 Germany Laboratoire Univers et Théories Observatoire de Paris Université PSL Université Paris Cité CNRS MeudonF-92190 France Max Planck Computing and Data Facility Gießenbachstraße 2 Garching85748 Germany School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand 1 Jan Smuts Avenue Braamfontein Johannesburg2050 South Africa The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Saupfercheckweg Heidelberg1 69117 Germany Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger Strasse 2 Erlangen91058 Germany IRFU CEA Université Pa

Context. Traditionally, TeV-γ-ray astronomy has been conducted by experiments employing proprietary data and analysis software. However, the next generation of γ-ray instruments, such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), will be operated as open observatories. Alongside the data, they will also make the associated software tools available to a wider community. This necessity prompted the development of open, high-level, astronomical software customized for high-energy astrophysics. Aims. In this article, we present Gammapy, an open-source Python package for the analysis of astronomical γ-ray data, and illustrate the functionalities of its first long-term-support release, version 1.0. Built on the modern Python scientific ecosystem, Gammapy provides a uniform platform for reducing and modeling data from different γ-ray instruments for many analysis scenarios. Gammapy complies with several well-established data conventions in high-energy astrophysics, providing serialized data products that are interoperable with other software packages. Methods. Starting from event lists and instrument response functions, Gammapy provides functionalities to reduce these data by binning them in energy and sky coordinates. Several techniques for background estimation are implemented in the package to handle the residual hadronic background affecting γ-ray instruments. After the data are binned, the flux and morphology of one or more γ-ray sources can be estimated using Poisson maximum likelihood fitting and assuming a variety of spectral, temporal, and spatial models. Estimation of flux points, likelihood profiles, and light curves is also supported. Results. After describing the structure of the package, we show, using publicly available gamma-ray data, the capabilities of Gammapy in multiple traditional and novel γ-ray analysis scenarios, such as spectral and spectro-morphological modeling and estimations of a spectral energy distribution and a light curve. Its flexib

关键词： Gamma rays

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Application of pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks to the analysis of simulated Cherenkov Telescope Array data 37

Application of pattern spectra and convolutional neural netw...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Aschersleben, J. Peletier, R.F. Vecchi, M. Wilkinson, M.H.F. Abdalla, H. Abe, H. Abe, S. Abusleme, A. Acero, F. Acharyya, A. Acín Portella, V. Ackley, K. Adam, R. Adams, C. Adhikari, S.S. Aguado-Ruesga, I. Agudo, I. Aguilera, R. Aguirre-Santaella, A. Aharonian, F. Alberdi, A. Alfaro, R. Alfaro, J. Alispach, C. Aloisio, R. Alves Batista, R. Amans, J.-P. Amati, L. Amato, E. Ambrogi, L. Ambrosi, G. Ambrosio, M. Ammendola, R. Anderson, J. Anduze, M. Angüner, E.O. Antonelli, L.A. Antonuccio, V. Antoranz, P. Anutarawiramkul, R. Aragunde Gutierrez, J. Aramo, C. Araudo, A. Araya, M. Arbet-Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Arendt, V. Armand, C. Armstrong, T. Arqueros, F. Arrabito, L. Arsioli, B. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ascasíbar, Y. Ashley, M. Attinà, P. Aubert, P. Singh, C.B. Baack, D. Babic, A. Backes, M. Baena, V. Bajtlik, S. Baktash, A. Balazs, C. Balbo, M. Ballester, O. Ballet, J. Balmaverde, B. Bamba, A. Bandiera, R. Baquero Larriva, A. Barai, P. Barbier, C. Barbosa Martins, V. Barcelo, M. Barkov, M. Barnard, M. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Bastieri, D. Batista, P.I. Batkovic, I. Bauer, C. Bautista-González, R. Baxter, J. Becciani, U. Becerra González, J. Becherini, Y. Beck, G. Becker Tjus, J. Bednarek, W. Belfiore, A. Bellizzi, L. Belmont, R. Benbow, W. Berge, D. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M.I. Bernlöhr, K. Berti, A. Berton, M. Bertucci, B. Beshley, V. Bhatt, N. Bhattacharyya, S. Bhattacharyya, W. Bhattacharyya, S. Bi, B. Bicknell, G. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Bird, R. Bissaldi, E. Biteau, J. Bitossi, M. Blanch, O. Blank, M. Blazek, J. Bobin, J. Boccato, C. Bocchino, F. Boehm, C. Bohacova, M. Boisson, C. Boix, J. Bolle, J.-P. Bolmont, J. Bonanno, G. Bonavolontà, C. Bonneau Arbeletche, L. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Borkowski, J. Bórquez, S. Bose, R. Bose, D. Bosnjak, Z. Bottacini, E. Böttcher, M. Botticella, M.T. Boutonnet, C. Bouyjou, F. Bozhilov, V. Bozzo, E. Brahimi, L. Braiding, C. Brau-Nogué, S. Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen PO Box 407 GroningenNL-9700 AK Netherlands Centre for Space Research North-West University Potchefstroom2520 South Africa Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340 Santiago Chile AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU DAp Bat 709 Orme des Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Centre for Advanced Instrumentation Dept. of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Port d'Informació Científica Edifici D Carrer de l'Albareda Bellaterrra Cerdanyola del Vallès08193 Spain School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University MelbourneVIC3800 Australia Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet École Polytechnique UMR 7638 CNRS/IN2P3 Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau91128 France Department of Physics Columbia University 538 West 120th Street New YorkNY10027 United States University of Oslo Department of Physics Sem Saelandsvei 24 - PO Box 1048 Blindern OsloN-0316 Norway EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Campus UAB Carrer de Can Magrans s/n Cerdanyola del Vallés08193 Spain Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Campus de Cantoblanco UAM Madrid28049 Spain Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Delegación Coyoacán Ciudad de México04510 Mexico University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire 24 rue d

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory and will be the major global instrument for very-high-energy astronomy over the next decade, offering 5 − 10 × better flux sensitivity than current generation gamma-ray telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to determine the energy of the initial gamma rays. Compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms, analyses based on CNNs promise to further enhance the performance to be achieved by CTA. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the shapes and sizes of various objects comprising an image. The use of relatively shallow CNNs on pattern spectra would automatically select relevant combinations of features within an image, taking advantage of the 2D nature of pattern spectra. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray events instead of using the raw images themselves in order to train our CNN for energy reconstruction. This is different from other relevant learning and feature selection methods that have been tried in the past. Thereby, we aim to obtain a significantly faster and less computationally intensive algorithm, with minimal loss of performance. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Gamma rays

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Event reconstruction using pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks for the Cherenkov Telescope Array 7

Event reconstruction using pattern spectra and convolutional...

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7th Heidelberg International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy, Gamma 2022

作者： Wilkinson, M.H.F. Peletier, R.F. Abdalla, H. Abe, H. Abe, S. Abusleme, A. Acero, F. Acharyya, A. Acín Portella, V. Ackley, K. Adam, R. Adams, C. Adhikari, S.S. Aguado-Ruesga, I. Agudo, I. Aguilera, R. Aguirre-Santaella, A. Aharonian, F. Alberdi, A. Alfaro, R. Alfaro, J. Alispach, C. Aloisio, R. Alves Batista, R. Amans, J.-P. Amati, L. Amato, E. Ambrogi, L. Ambrosi, G. Ambrosio, M. Ammendola, R. Anderson, J. Anduze, M. Angüner, E.O. Antonelli, L.A. Antonuccio, V. Antoranz, P. Anutarawiramkul, R. Aragunde Gutierrez, J. Aramo, C. Araudo, A. Araya, M. Arbet-Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Arendt, V. Armand, C. Armstrong, T. Arqueros, F. Arrabito, L. Arsioli, B. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ascasíbar, Y. Aschersleben, J. Ashley, M. Attinà, P. Aubert, P. Singh, C.B. Baack, D. Babic, A. Backes, M. Baena, V. Bajtlik, S. Baktash, A. Balazs, C. Balbo, M. Ballester, O. Ballet, J. Balmaverde, B. Bamba, A. Bandiera, R. Baquero Larriva, A. Barai, P. Barbier, C. Barbosa Martins, V. Barcelo, M. Barkov, M. Barnard, M. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Bastieri, D. Batista, P.I. Batkovic, I. Bauer, C. Bautista-González, R. Baxter, J. Becciani, U. Becerra González, J. Becherini, Y. Beck, G. Becker Tjus, J. Bednarek, W. Belfiore, A. Bellizzi, L. Belmont, R. Benbow, W. Berge, D. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M.I. Bernlöhr, K. Berti, A. Berton, M. Bertucci, B. Beshley, V. Bhatt, N. Bhattacharyya, S. Bhattacharyya, W. Bhattacharyya, S. Bi, B. Bicknell, G. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Bird, R. Bissaldi, E. Biteau, J. Bitossi, M. Blanch, O. Blank, M. Blazek, J. Bobin, J. Boccato, C. Bocchino, F. Boehm, C. Bohacova, M. Boisson, C. Boix, J. Bolle, J.-P. Bolmont, J. Bonanno, G. Bonavolontà, C. Bonneau Arbeletche, L. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Borkowski, J. Bórquez, S. Bose, R. Bose, D. Bosnjak, Z. Bottacini, E. Böttcher, M. Botticella, M.T. Boutonnet, C. Bouyjou, F. Bozhilov, V. Bozzo, E. Brahimi, L. Braiding, C. Brau-Nogué, S. Breen, S. Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen PO Box 407 GroningenNL-9700 AK Netherlands Centre for Space Research North-West University Potchefstroom2520 South Africa Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340 Santiago Chile AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp Bat 709 Orme des Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Centre for Advanced Instrumentation Dept. of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Port d’Informació Científica Edifici D Carrer de l’Albareda Cerdanyola del Vallès Bellaterrra08193 Spain School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University MelbourneVIC3800 Australia Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet École Polytechnique UMR 7638 CNRS IN2P3 Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau91128 France Department of Physics Columbia University 538 West 120th Street New YorkNY10027 United States University of Oslo Department of Physics Sem Saelandsvei 24 - PO Box 1048 Blindern OsloN-0316 Norway EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Campus UAB Carrer de Can Magrans s/n Cerdanyola del Vallés08193 Spain Instituto de Física Teórica UAM CSIC Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/ Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Campus de Cantoblanco UAM Madrid28049 Spain Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin02 Ireland Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Delegación Coyoacán Ciudad de México04510 Mexico University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire 24 rue du Général-Dufour Genève1211 4 Switzerland INFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche U

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differentiate signals from background events and to determine the energy of the initial gamma-ray events. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the sizes and shapes of features comprising an image. The application of pattern spectra on a CNN allows the selection of relevant combinations of features within an image. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray images to train a CNN for signal-background separation and energy reconstruction for CTA. We compare our results to a CNN trained with CTA images and find that the pattern spectra-based analysis is computationally less expensive but not competitive with the purely CTA images-based analysis. Thus, we conclude that the CNN must rely on additional features in the CTA images not captured by the pattern spectra. © Copyright owned by the author(s)

关键词： Cosmology

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The meerKAT galaxy cluster legacy survey I. survey overview and highlights

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Knowles, Kenda Cotton, W.D. Rudnick, L. Camilo, F. Goedhart, S. Deane, R. Ramatsoku, M. Bietenholz, M.F. Brüggen, M. Button, C. Chen, H. Chibueze, J.O. Clarke, T.E. de Gasperin, F. Ianjamasimanana, R. Józsa, G.I.G. Hilton, M. Kesebonye, K.C. Kolokythas, K. Kraan-Korteweg, R.C. Lawrie, G. Lochner, M. Loubser, S.I. Marchegiani, P. Mhlahlo, N. Moodley, K. Murphy, E. Namumba, B. Oozeer, N. Parekh, V. Pillay, D.S. Passmoor, S.S. Ramaila, A.J.T. Ranchod, S. Retana-Montenegro, E. Sebokolodi, L. Sikhosana, S.P. Smirnov, O. Thorat, K. Venturi, T. Abbott, T.D. Adam, R.M. Adams, G. Aldera, M.A. Bauermeister, E.F. Bennett, T.G.H. Bode, W.A. Botha, D.H. Botha, A.G. Brederode, L.R.S. Buchner, S. Burger, J.P. Cheetham, T. de Villiers, D.I.L. Dikgale-Mahlakoana, M.A. du Toit, L.J. Esterhuyse, S.W.P. Fadana, G. Fanaroff, B.L. Fataar, S. Foley, A.R. Fourie, D.J. Frank, B.S. Gamatham, R.R.G. Gatsi, T.G. Geyer, M. Gouws, M. Gumede, S.C. Heywood, I. Hlakola, M.J. Hokwana, A. Hoosen, S.W. Horn, D.M. Horrell, J.M.G. Hugo, B.V. Isaacson, A.R. Jonas, J.L. Jordaan, J.D.B. Joubert, A.F. Julie, R.P.M. Kapp, F.B. Kasper, V.A. Kenyon, J.S. Kotzé, P.P.A. Kotze, A.G. Kriek, N. Kriel, H. Krishnan, V.K. Kusel, T.W. Legodi, L.S. Lehmensiek, R. Liebenberg, D. Lord, R.T. Lunsky, B.M. Madisa, K. Magnus, L.G. Main, J.P.L. Makhaba, A. Makhathini, S. Malan, J.A. Manley, J.R. Marais, S.J. Maree, M.D.J. Martens, A. Mauch, T. McAlpine, K. Merry, B.C. Millenaar, R.P. Mokone, O.J. Monama, T.E. Mphego, M.C. New, W.S. Ngcebetsha, B. Ngoasheng, K.J. Ockards, M.T. Otto, A.J. Patel, A.A. Peens-Hough, A. Perkins, S.J. Ramanujam, N.M. Ramudzuli, Z.R. Ratcliffe, S.M. Renil, R. Robyntjies, A. Rust, A.N. Salie, S. Sambu, N. Schollar, C.T.G. Schwardt, L.C. Schwartz, R.L. Serylak, M. Siebrits, R. Sirothia, S.K. Slabber, M. Sofeya, L. Taljaard, B. Tasse, C. Tiplady, A.J. Toruvanda, O. Twum, S.N. van Balla, T.J. van der Byl, A. van der Merwe, C. van Dyk, C.L. van Tonder, V. van Wyk, R. Venter, A.J. Venter, M. Welz, M.G. Williams, L.P. Xaia, B. Astrophysics Research Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban4041 South Africa Centre for Radio Astronomy Techniques and Technologies Department of Physics and Electronics Rhodes University P.O. Box 94 Makhanda6140 South Africa South African Radio Astronomy Observatory 2 Fir Street Observatory7925 South Africa National Radio Astronomy Observatory CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics University of Minnesota 116 Church St SE MinneapolisMN55455 United States Wits Centre for Astrophysics School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand 1 Jan Smuts Avenue Johannesburg2050 South Africa Department of Physics University of Pretoria Hatfield0028 South Africa I-09047 Italy Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory SARAO Krugersdorp1740 South Africa York University TorontoON Canada Hamburger Sternwarte Universität Hamburg Gojenbergsweg 112 Hamburg21029 Germany Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Rondebosch7700 South Africa Centre for Space Research North-West University Potchefstroom2520 South Africa Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences University of Nigeria Carver Building 1 University Road Nsukka Nigeria Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDC20375 United States INAF – Istituto di Radioastronomia via Gobetti 101 BolognaI–40129 Italy Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Universität Bonn Auf dem Hügel 71 BonnD-53121 Germany School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville 3696 South Africa Department of Physics and Astronomy University of the Western Cape Bellville7535 South Africa Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá Sapienza P.le Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy African Institute for Mathematical Sciences 6-8 Melrose Road Muizenberg7945 South Africa Inter-University Institute for Data Intensive Astronomy University of Cape Town Rondebosch7700 South Africa Ltd. 64-74 White Road Retreat 7945 South Africa EMSS Ant

MeerKAT’s large number (64) of 13.5 m-diameter antennas, spanning 8 km with a densely packed 1 km core, create a powerful instrument for wide-area surveys, with high sensitivity over a wide range of angular scales. The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS) is a programme of long-track MeerKAT L-band (900–1670 MHz) observations of 115 galaxy clusters, observed for ∼ 6–10 hours each in full polarisation. The first legacy product data release (DR1), made available with this paper, includes the MeerKAT visibilities, basic image cubes at ∼ 800 resolution, and enhanced spectral and polarisation image cubes at ∼ 800 and 1500 resolutions. Typical sensitivities for the full-resolution MGCLS image products range over ∼ 3–5 µJy beam−1. The basic cubes are full-field and span 2◦ × 2◦. The enhanced products consist of the inner 1.2◦ × 1.2◦ field of view, corrected for the primary beam. The survey is fully sensitive to structures up to ∼ 100 scales and the wide bandwidth allows spectral and Faraday rotation mapping. Relatively narrow frequency channels (209 kHz) are also used to provide H i mapping in windows of 0 200. We find no dependence of the star formation rate on distance from the cluster centre, and observe a small excess of the radio-to-100 µm flux ratio towards the centre of Abell 209 that may reflect a ram pressure enhancement in the denser environment. We detect diffuse cluster radio emission in 62 of the surveyed systems and present a catalogue of the 99 diffuse cluster emission structures, of which 56 are new. These include mini-halos, halos, relics, and other diffuse structures for which no suitable characterization currently exists. We highlight some of the radio galaxies which challenge current paradigms such as trident-shaped structures, jets that remain well-collimated far beyond their bending radius, and filamentary features linked to radio galaxies that likely illuminate magnetic flux tubes in the intracluster medium. We also present early results from

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The May 17, 2012 solar event: back-tracing analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2016年第3期675卷

作者： A Bruno O Adriani G C Barbarino G A Bazilevskaya R Bellotti M Boezio E A. Bogomolov M Bongi V Bonvicini S Bottai U Bravar F Cafagna D Campana R Carbone P Carlson M Casolino G Castellini E C Christian C De Donato G A de Nolfo C De Santis N De Simone V Di Felice V Formato A M Galper A V Karelin S V Koldashov S Koldobskiy S Y Krutkov A N Kvashnin M Lee A Leonov V Malakhov L Marcelli M Martucci A G Mayorov W Menn M Mergè V V Mikhailov E Mocchiutti A Monaco N Mori R Munini G Osteria F Palma B Panico P Papini M Pearce P Picozza M Ricci S B Ricciarini J M Ryan R Sarkar V Scotti M Simon R Sparvoli P Spillantini S Stochaj Y I Stozhkov A Vacchi E Vannuccini G I Vasilyev S A Voronov Y T Yurkin G Zampa N Zampa V G Zverev Department of Physics University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' I-70126 Bari Italy To whom any correspondence should be addressed. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Florence I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy INFN Sezione di Florence I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy Department of Physics University of Naples 'Federico II' I-80126 Naples Italy INFN Sezione di Naples I-80126 Naples Italy P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences RU-119991 Moscow Russia INFN Sezione di Bari I-70126 Bari Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34149 Trieste Italy Ioffe Physical Technical Institute RU-194021 St. Petersburg Russia Space Science Center University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA KTH Department of Physics and the Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics AlbaNova University Centre SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden INFN Sezione di Rome 'Tor Vergata' I-00133 Rome Italy RIKEN Advanced Science Institute Wako-shi Saitama Japan IFAC I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy Heliophysics Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD USA Department of Physics University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' I-00133 Rome Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center I-00133 Rome Italy Department of Physics University of Trieste I-34147 Trieste Italy National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) Kashirskoye highway 31 RU-115409 Moscow Russia INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044 Frascati Italy Department of Physics Universitat Siegen D-57068 Siegen Germany Indian Centre for Space Physics 43 Chalantika Kolkata 700084 West Bengal India Previously at INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34149 Trieste Italy Electrical and Computer Engineering New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA

The PAMELA space experiment is providing first direct observations of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from about 80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth orbit, bridging the low energy measurements by other spacecrafts and the Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) data by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies associated to SEP events. The analysis is supported by an accurate back-tracing simulation based on a realistic description of the Earth's magnetosphere, which is exploited to estimate the SEP energy spectra as a function of the asymptotic direction of arrival with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). In this work we report the results for the May 17, 2012 event.

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Correction to: Meeting report from the fourth meeting of the Computational Modeling in Biology Network (COMBINE)

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Standards in genomic sciences 2018年第1期13卷 17页

作者： Dagmar Waltemath Frank T Bergmann Claudine Chaouiya Tobias Czauderna Padraig Gleeson Carole Goble Martin Golebiewski Michael Hucka Nick Juty Olga Krebs Nicolas Le Novère Huaiyu Mi Ion I Moraru Chris J Myers David Nickerson Brett G Olivier Nicolas Rodriguez Falk Schreiber Lucian Smith Fengkai Zhang Eric Bonnet 1Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics University of Rostock Rostock Germany. 2Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. 4Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência - IGC Rua da Quinta Grande Oeiras Portugal. 3IPK Gatersleben Gatersleben Germany. 5Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology University College London London UK. 6School of Computer Science The University of Manchester Manchester UK. 7Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies Heidelberg Germany. 8EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK. 14The Babraham Institute Babraham Research Campus Cambridge UK. 9Department of preventive medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA. 10Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT USA. 11Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake City USA. 12Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand. 13Systems Bioinformatics VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands. 15Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle Germany. 16Monash University Melbourne Australia. Computational Biology Unit Laboratory of Systems Biology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH Bethesda MD USA. 18Institut Curie Paris France. INSERM U900 75248 Paris France. 20Mines ParisTech 77300 Fontainebleau Paris France.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.4056/sigs.5279417.].

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Publisher Correction: Brain imaging with portable low-field MRI

Nature Reviews Bioengineering

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Nature Reviews Bioengineering 2023年 680页

作者： W. Taylor Kimberly Annabel J. Sorby-Adams Andrew G. Webb Ed X. Wu Rachel Beekman Kevin N. Sheth Ritvij Bowry Steven J. Schiff Adam de Havenon Francis X. Shen Gordon Sze Pamela Schaefer Juan Eugenio Iglesias Matthew S. Rosen Department of Neurology and the Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology Department of Neurology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health New Haven CT USA Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Neurosciences Houston TX USA Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Division of Vascular Neurology Department of Neurology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics Harvard law School Boston MA USA Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Radiology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Division of Neuroradiology Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Computer Science and AI Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA USA

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Author Correction: Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection

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Nature communications 2023年第1期14卷 436页

作者： Sarthak Pati Ujjwal Baid Brandon Edwards Micah Sheller Shih-Han Wang G Anthony Reina Patrick Foley Alexey Gruzdev Deepthi Karkada Christos Davatzikos Chiharu Sako Satyam Ghodasara Michel Bilello Suyash Mohan Philipp Vollmuth Gianluca Brugnara Chandrakanth J Preetha Felix Sahm Klaus Maier-Hein Maximilian Zenk Martin Bendszus Wolfgang Wick Evan Calabrese Jeffrey Rudie Javier Villanueva-Meyer Soonmee Cha Madhura Ingalhalikar Manali Jadhav Umang Pandey Jitender Saini John Garrett Matthew Larson Robert Jeraj Stuart Currie Russell Frood Kavi Fatania Raymond Y Huang Ken Chang Carmen Balaña Jaume Capellades Josep Puig Johannes Trenkler Josef Pichler Georg Necker Andreas Haunschmidt Stephan Meckel Gaurav Shukla Spencer Liem Gregory S Alexander Joseph Lombardo Joshua D Palmer Adam E Flanders Adam P Dicker Haris I Sair Craig K Jones Archana Venkataraman Meirui Jiang Tiffany Y So Cheng Chen Pheng Ann Heng Qi Dou Michal Kozubek Filip Lux Jan Michálek Petr Matula Miloš Keřkovský Tereza Kopřivová Marek Dostál Václav Vybíhal Michael A Vogelbaum J Ross Mitchell Joaquim Farinhas Joseph A Maldjian Chandan Ganesh Bangalore Yogananda Marco C Pinho Divya Reddy James Holcomb Benjamin C Wagner Benjamin M Ellingson Timothy F Cloughesy Catalina Raymond Talia Oughourlian Akifumi Hagiwara Chencai Wang Minh-Son To Sargam Bhardwaj Chee Chong Marc Agzarian Alexandre Xavier Falcão Samuel B Martins Bernardo C A Teixeira Flávia Sprenger David Menotti Diego R Lucio Pamela LaMontagne Daniel Marcus Benedikt Wiestler Florian Kofler Ivan Ezhov Marie Metz Rajan Jain Matthew Lee Yvonne W Lui Richard McKinley Johannes Slotboom Piotr Radojewski Raphael Meier Roland Wiest Derrick Murcia Eric Fu Rourke Haas John Thompson David Ryan Ormond Chaitra Badve Andrew E Sloan Vachan Vadmal Kristin Waite Rivka R Colen Linmin Pei Murat Ak Ashok Srinivasan J Rajiv Bapuraj Arvind Rao Nicholas Wang Ota Yoshiaki Toshio Moritani Sevcan Turk Joonsang Lee Snehal Prabhudesai Fanny Morón Jacob Mandel Konstantinos Kamnitsas Ben Glocker Luke V M Dixon Matthew Williams Peter Zamp Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA) University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Munich Bavaria Germany. Intel Corporation Santa Clara CA USA. Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany. Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) within the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany. Department of Neuropathology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany. Division of Medical Image Computing German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany. Pattern Analysis and Learning Group Department of Radiation Oncology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany. Neurology Clinic Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany. Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA. Symbiosis Center for Medical Image Analysis Symbiosis International University Pune Maharashtra India. Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Bangalore Karnataka India. Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA. Department of Medical Physics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA. Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust Department of Radiology Leeds UK. Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown MA USA. Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona Spain. Consorci MAR Parc de Salut de Barcelona Catalonia Spain. Department of Radiology (IDI

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Correction: Assessing real-world gait with digital technology? Validation, insights and recommendations from the Mobilise-D consortium

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Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation 2024年第1期21卷 71页

作者： M Encarna Micó-Amigo Tecla Bonci Anisoara Paraschiv-Ionescu Martin Ullrich Cameron Kirk Abolfazl Soltani Arne Küderle Eran Gazit Francesca Salis Lisa Alcock Kamiar Aminian Clemens Becker Stefano Bertuletti Philip Brown Ellen Buckley Alma Cantu Anne-Elie Carsin Marco Caruso Brian Caulfield Andrea Cereatti Lorenzo Chiari Ilaria D'Ascanio Bjoern Eskofier Sara Fernstad Marcel Froehlich Judith Garcia-Aymerich Clint Hansen Jeffrey M Hausdorff Hugo Hiden Emily Hume Alison Keogh Felix Kluge Sarah Koch Walter Maetzler Dimitrios Megaritis Arne Mueller Martijn Niessen Luca Palmerini Lars Schwickert Kirsty Scott Basil Sharrack Henrik Sillén David Singleton Beatrix Vereijken Ioannis Vogiatzis Alison J Yarnall Lynn Rochester Claudia Mazzà Silvia Del Din Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK. Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland. Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab Department of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nürnberg Erlangen Germany. Center for the Study of Movement Cognition and Mobility Neurological Institute Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel. Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy. Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy. National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Newcastle University and The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle Upon Tyne UK. Robert Bosch Gesellschaft für Medizinische Forschung Stuttgart Germany. The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle Upon Tyne UK. School of Computing Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK. Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Catalonia Spain. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain. Insight Centre for Data Analytics University College Dublin Dublin Ireland. School of Public Health Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland. Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering «Guglielmo Marconi» University of Bologna Bologna Italy. Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV) University of Bologna Bologna Italy. Grünenthal GmbH Aachen Germany. Department of Neurology University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel Kiel Germany. Sagol School of Neuroscien

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