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IEEE Design and Test 2025年第3期42卷 66-73页

作者： Li, Wen Wang, Ying Li, Huawei Li, Xiaowei Zou, Kaiwei Shanxi University School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China Institute of Big Data Science and Industry Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China State Key Laboratory of Processors Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China

Editor’s notes: This article offers an overview of the RRAMedy framework, designed to perform online testing, fault diagnosis, and fault mitigation in resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) devices, specifically in the context of ReRAM crossbar-based implementations for AI hardware acceleration. —Jyotika Athavale, Synopsys, USA —Haralampos-G. Stratigopoulos, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LIP6, France. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Accuracy Fault tolerant systems Fault tolerance Deep learning Image edge detection Fault detection Computational modeling Training Reliability Hafnium

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Deep Learning Driven - Pest Classification and Sustainable Agriculture 3

Deep Learning Driven - Pest Classification and Sustainable A...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Kumar, M. Sirish Usha, R. Reddy, B. Rama Kantha Ramachandra, S. Prakash, P. Jaya Swetha, B. Mohan Babu University School of Computing Dept. of Data Science India Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science Madanapalle India Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Tirupati India Mother Theresa Institute of Engineering and Technology Palamaner India Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Department of It Tirupati India Mohan Babu University Dept. of Master of Computer Applications India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

This study introduces a system designed to identify pests in crops and classify them as either beneficial or harmful. The project begins by providing a comprehensive overview of various pest identification methods, analyzing their strengths and limitations. To address the problem, a categorization approach is proposed that incorporates convolutional neural networks (CNN) to build the pest identification and classification model. The model was trained using a dataset containing images of different pest species. Extensive testing was conducted on a large dataset, and the system's performance was validated against multiple traditional classification models. The proposed framework achieved a classification accuracy of 90%, outperforming conventional methods. This research highlights agriculture's vital role in the economy and underscores the potential of advanced technologies in supporting sustainable farming practices. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Agriculture Sustainability Classification Accuracy Classification Model Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Pest Classification

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Analysis of Water Quality in Cauvery River by Using PCA with Various Classifications Technique

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Procedia computer science 2025年 258卷 1391-1403页

作者： Karpagalakshmi R C Prabhu Selvam Sakthivel S Kalaivanan K Rajesh Sharma R Akey Sungheetha Sheila Mahapatra Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alliance University Bangalore-India School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tiruchirappalli India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Alliance University Bangalore-India

Water quality assessment is a complex endeavour that involves identifying pollutants in water resources. The importance of this process lies in its objective to evaluate water quality for human use. Machines and deep learning algorithms play a vital role in this evaluation. In this context, feature selection methods were employed to identify critical factors that ensure optimal accuracy. Subsequently, these selected features were used as input for various classifiers for classification purposes. The Cauvery River dataset, obtained from the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, was utilized to assess the performance of the proposed approach. This research was implemented using Python as the programming language. The performance of the PCA-RF model was evaluated using various metrics, including an accuracy of 0.96, precision of 0.97, recall of 0.94, and an F1-score of 0.95. The results demonstrate that the PCA-RF model outperforms conventional machine learning approaches, achieving a high R-squared score of 0.95.

关键词： Water quality Prediction Machine Learning SVM DT RF

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Detecting Advanced Persistent Threat Exfiltration with Ensemble Deep Learning Tree Models and Novel Detection Metrics

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 81803-81822页

作者： Cai, Xiaojuan Zhang, Haibo Ahmed, Chuadhry Mujeeb Koide, Hiroshi Kyushu University Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Department of Information Science and Technology Fukuoka819-0395 Japan Kyushu Institute of Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence Fukuoka Iizuka820-8502 Japan Newcastle University School of Computing Secure and Resilient Systems Group Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU United Kingdom Kyushu University Section of Cyber Security for Information Systems Research Institute for Information Technology Fukuoka819-0395 Japan

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) involve attackers maintaining a long-term presence on victim systems, leading to the stealthy exfiltration of sensitive data during network transfers. Despite existing methods to detect and halt APT data exfiltration, these attacks continue to pose significant threats to sensitive information and result in substantial commercial losses. Current approaches primarily focus on preemptive measures, which are insufficient once early-stage detection fails due to a lack of continuous monitoring. We propose an effective and efficient network monitoring method to address this gap and detect APT exfiltration during data transfer. Our approach assumes the presence of an undetected APT attacker within the victim system. We examine data exfiltration across three exfiltration traffic environments: exfiltration over command control channels, exfiltration over transfer size limitations, and their combinations. We introduce two detection metrics: Package Transfer Rate and Byte Transfer Rate. Utilizing these metrics, we measure network traffic, categorize APT attack environments, and train deep neural network models, named EDXGB, using ensembled decision trees to predict APT exfiltration. Our method is validated on two public datasets and compared against six baseline methods. Additionally, we simulate real-world exfiltration scenarios by creating three exfiltration traffic environments for each dataset. The results demonstrate that our method effectively detects APT exfiltration across various network environments, enhancing data protection and secure transfer. The code is open source and available at https://***/cxjuan/EDXGB-for-APT. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitive data

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AIGC-Driven Real-Time Interactive 4D Traffic Scene Generation in Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Li, Xiaolong Deng, Ruiting Wei, Jianhao Wu, Xin Chen, Jiayuan Yi, Changyan Cai, Jun Niyato, Dusit Shen, Xuemin Hunan University of Technology and Business School of Computer Science China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology China Concordia University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Montreal Canada Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada

Real-time, interactive 4D traffic scene generation enables rapid digital twinning of traffic scenarios, improving management and decision-making in intelligent transportation systems. However, current text-to-video models, such as Sora, struggle to maintain the temporal coherence of traffic elements and interact with dynamic environments and users when generating 4D scenes. This article introduces a novel cloud-edge-terminal collaborative framework that leverages Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) in vehicular networks to tackle these challenges, ensuring long-term coherence and improved interactivity. The framework presents a comprehensive architecture for real-time interactive 4D scene generation, encompassing data collection, management, model pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. We examine key design requirements and challenges, demonstrating that our microservice-based framework enables the system to generate and update 4D traffic scenes in real time, effectively responding to traffic data and user inputs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful implementation of real-time, interactive 4D traffic scene generation. Performance evaluations show the superiority of our framework, powered by microservice-based code fine-tuning, over traditional frameworks. Finally, we discuss future research directions to enhance AIGC-driven 4D traffic scene generation. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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Speech Separation for Low-Resource Languages

Speech Separation for Low-Resource Languages

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Borsdorf, Marvin Pan, Zexu Himmelmann, Pascal Li, Haizhou Schultz, Tanja Machine Listening Lab University of Bremen Bremen Germany Alibaba Group Singapore Department of Mathematics and Computer Science FernUniversität in Hagen Hagen Germany School of Data Science Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Cognitive Systems Lab University of Bremen Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Speech separation aims to equip machines with the human ability of selective listening, i.e. to focus attention on specific information in spoken communication. Studies have shown that the language spoken in a cocktail party scenario matters. While the development of speech separation models can leverage extensive databases, for the majority of languages only very limited data is available. This work presents the very first study on speech separation for low-resource languages. We choose blind source separation as the task to be studied and analyze three strategies to overcome the data scarcity of two low-resource languages from the GlobalPhoneMS2 database. We show that data from other languages can be used to develop models that work for low-resource languages. Finetuning additionally boosts the performance, and training on multiple languages increases both performance and robustness. We show that dynamic mixing in the development helps to find a trade-off between performance and development time. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： cocktail party problem GlobalPhone low-resource language multilingual speech separation

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Monitoring Oceanographic and Cryosphere Changes: A Remote Sensing Approach to Climate-Induced Marine and Polar Dynamics

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Remote Sensing in Earth Systems sciences 2025年第2期8卷 496-509页

作者： Shaik, Reddi Khasim Jeslet, D. Santhi Aroulanandam, Vijay Vasanth Siva, B.A. Painam, Ranjith Kumar Thiagarajan, R. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vishnu Institute of Technology Bhimavaram India Department of Computer Science M.G.R. College Hosur India Department of Networking and Communications School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Kattakalathur India Department of ECE Chennai Institute of Tech Chennai India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kallam Haranadhareddy Institute of Technology (Autonomous) Guntur Chowdavaram India Department of Information Technology Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College Chennai-62 Avadi India

Climate change has accelerated the dynamics of cryospheric and oceanographic systems, leading to rising sea levels, increased ice melt, and significant shifts in polar regions. Monitoring these changes is crucial, yet traditional observational methods are often impractical in remote, harsh environments. This study presents a novel approach to monitoring oceanographic and cryospheric changes induced by climate dynamics, using a cascaded long short-term memory (LSTM) and recurrent neural network (RNN) model with ICESat and supplementary remote sensing data. The model leverages ICESat’s high-resolution laser altimetry for precise measurements of ice thickness and ice sheet elevation, combined with data from MODIS, Sentinel-1, and CryoSat-2 for comprehensive insights. Our results indicate that the cascaded LSTM-RNN model achieves high predictive accuracy, with root mean square error (RMSE) values as low as 0.08 m for ice thickness and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.05 m. Additionally, it attains a correlation coefficient of 0.96, significantly outperforming other models like standalone LSTM (RMSE 0.12 m, MAE 0.09 m) and CNN-LSTM hybrid (RMSE 0.10 m, MAE 0.08 m). This model captures both seasonal and long-term trends in ice dynamics, highlighting its utility for robust climate monitoring. The successful integration of ICESat and other remote sensing data demonstrates the potential for advanced machine learning techniques to enhance predictions of polar and oceanographic changes, supporting climate adaptation efforts. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Climate change Cryosphere Ice thickness ICESat LSTM-RNN Machine learning Oceanographic changes Predictive modeling Remote sensing Sea ice extent

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RIS-Assisted Localization: A Novel Conditional Sample Mean Approach without CSI

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Jiawei Mao, Yijie Chen, Mingzhe School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral GablesFL United States

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been recognized as a promising solution for enhancing localization accuracy. Traditional RIS-based localization methods typically rely on prior channel knowledge, beam scanning, and pilot-based assistance. These approaches often result in substantial energy and computational overhead, and require real-time coordination between the base station (BS) and the RIS. In this work, we propose a novel multiple RISs aided localization approach to address these challenges. The proposed method first estimates the angle-of-directions (AoDs) between the RISs and the user using the conditional sample mean approach, and then uses the estimated multiple AoD pairs to determine the user’s position. This approach only requires measuring the received signal strength at the BS for a set of randomly generated phase shifts across all RISs, thereby eliminating the need for real-time RIS phase shift design or user-to-BS pilot transmissions. Numerical results show that the proposed localization approach improves localization accuracy while significantly reducing energy and signaling overhead compared to conventional methods. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Smart City Air Quality Management with IoT and Bayesian Optimization for Pollution Monitoring 3

Smart City Air Quality Management with IoT and Bayesian Opti...

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3rd International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Communication Systems, ICICACS 2025

作者： Shanmuganathan, V. Abbas, Mohsin Pradeep Kumar, K. Srinivasan, P. Vijay, A. Padaiyatchi, S. Sakthivel School of Computing Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Networking and Communications Kattankulathur India College of Engineering University of Technology Bahrain Salmabad Bahrain Nandha Engineering College Department of Agricultural Engineering Erode India Sona College of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Salem India St. Joseph's College of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India Nehru Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508456

The rapid urbanization happening around the globe is having a huge effect on the environment. Cities in the poor world are particularly vulnerable to air pollution. In light of this issue, several nations are mandating that cities implement plans to enhance air quality, and the new global air quality recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) are adding fuel to the fire. Inadequate outreach, few observations, disconnected city operations, and inconsistent protocols are some of the issues that hinder these deployments, as does the absence of collaborative UAQM governance. The proposed approach consists of three phases, which are data preparation, feature selection, and training. When it comes to categorical preprocessing, there are two typical ways to deal with missing values are after removing rows with missing values, use KNN Imputer to fill in the blanks. One goal of feature selection methods is to make analysis easier and faster by reducing the target dataset's dimensionality. Training the model was done using BO. With an average accuracy rate of 93.14 percent, the proposed model beats out the alternatives, including SVM and RBF. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Air quality

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LLM in the Loop: A Framework for Contextualizing Counterfactual Segment Perturbations in Point Clouds

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 85507-85525页

作者： Kočić, Veljka Lukač, Niko Rožajac, Dž Schweng, Stefan Gollob, Christoph Nothdurft, Arne Stampfer, Karl Ser, Javier Del Holzinger, Andreas University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Human-Centered AI Lab Institute of Forest Engineering Department of Ecosystem Management Climate and Biodiversity Vienna1190 Austria TU Graz Institute of Human-Centered Computing Graz8010 Austria University of Maribor Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Maribor2000 Slovenia Institute of Forest Growth Department of Ecosystem Management Climate and Biodiversity University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna1190 Austria TECNALIA Derio48160 Spain Department of Mathematics Leioa48940 Spain

Point Cloud data analysis has seen a major leap forward with the introduction of PointNet algorithms, revolutionizing how we process 3D environments. Yet, despite these advancements, key challenges remain, particularly in optimizing segment perturbations to influence model outcomes in a controlled and meaningful way. Traditional methods struggle to generate realistic and contextually appropriate perturbations, limiting their effectiveness in critical applications like autonomous systems and urban planning. This paper takes a bold step by integrating Large Language Models into the counterfactual reasoning process, unlocking a new level of automation and intelligence in segment perturbation. Our approach begins with semantic segmentation, after which LLMs intelligently select optimal replacement segments based on features such as class label, color, area, and height. By leveraging the reasoning capabilities of LLMs, we generate perturbations that are not only computationally efficient but also semantically meaningful. The proposed framework undergoes rigorous evaluation, combining human inspection of LLM-generated suggestions with quantitative analysis of semantic classification model performance across different LLM variants. By bridging the gap between geometric transformations and high-level semantic reasoning, this research redefines how we approach perturbation generation in Point Cloud data analysis. The results pave the way for more interpretable, adaptable, and intelligent AI-driven solutions, bringing us closer to real-world applications where explainability and robustness are paramount. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： k-nearest neighbors

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