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arXiv 2024年

作者： Deng, Kuangyin Cheng, Ran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We propose a mechanism of topology-induced symmetry breaking, where certain local symmetry preserved by the Hamiltonian is explicitly broken in the eigenmodes of excitation due to topologically nontrivial boundary conditions. We demonstrate this phenomenon by studying magnonic excitations on a Möbius strip comprising of two antiferromagnetically coupled spin chains. Even with a simple Hamiltonian respecting local rotational symmetry and all local curvature effects ignored, magnons exhibit linear polarization of the Néel vector devoid of chirality, forming two non-degenerate branches that cannot be smoothly connected to or be decomposed by the circularly-polarized magnons. Correspondingly, one branch undergoes a spectral shift and only admits standing waves of half-integer wavelength, whereas the other only affords standing waves of integer wavelength. The suppression of chirality in the order parameter dynamics, hence the pattern of standing waves, can be generalized to other elementary excitations on non-orientable surfaces. Under the Möbius boundary condition, we further identify an exotic phase hosting spontaneous antiferromagnetic order whilst all exchange couplings are ferromagnetic. Our findings showcase the profound influence of real-space topology on the physical nature of not just the ground state but also the quasiparticles. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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Physical Vapor Deposition of High Mobility P-type Tellurium and its Applications for Gate-tunable van der Waals PN Photodiodes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Tianyi Lin, Sen Zou, Jingyi Wang, Zexiao Zhong, Yibai Li, Jingwei Wang, Ruixuan Wang, Han Li, Qing Xu, Min Shen, Sheng Zhang, Xu Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Ray and Stephanie Lane Computational Biology Department School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

Recently tellurium (Te) has attracted resurgent interests due to its p-type characteristics and outstanding ambient environmental stability. Here we present a substrate engineering based physical vapor deposition method to synthesize high quality Te nanoflakes and achieved a field-effect hole mobility of 1500 cm2/Vs, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest among the existing synthesized van der Waals p-type semiconductors. The high mobility Te enables the fabrication of Te/MoS2 pn diodes with highly gate-tunable electronic and optoelectronic characteristics. The Te/MoS2 heterostructure can be used as a visible range photodetector with a current responsivity up to 630 A/W, which is about one order of magnitude higher than the one achieved using p-type Si-MoS2 PN photodiodes. The photo response of the Te/MoS2 heterojunction also exhibits strong gate tunability due to their ultrathin thickness and unique band structures. The successful synthesis of high mobility Te and the enabled Te/MoS2 photodiodes show promise for the development of highly tunable and ultrathin photodetectors. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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Seropill: Novel Minimally Invasive Ingestible Capsule for Serotonin Sensing in the GI Tract 22

Seropill: Novel Minimally Invasive Ingestible Capsule for Se...

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22nd International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, Transducers 2023

作者： Straker, Michael A. Levy, Joshua A. Stine, Justin M. Han, Jinjing Beardslee, Luke A. Ghodssi, Reza University Of Maryland Fischell Department Of Bioengineering College ParkMD United States University Of Maryland Institute For Systems Research College ParkMD United States University Of Maryland Fischell Institute For Biomedical Devices College ParkMD United States University Of Maryland Department Of Materials Science And Engineering College ParkMD United States University Of Maryland Department Of Electrical And Computer Engineering College ParkMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9784886864352

This paper reports the first serotonin (5-HT) sensing ingestible capsule allowing minimally invasive real-time in vivo detection of luminally released serotonin in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The system utilizes a surface-mounted sensor with an Au-carbon nanotube (CNT) working electrode, Au counter electrode, and Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The capsule uses previously reported electronics packaged in a 3D-printed ASA shell to perform cyclic voltammetry, allowing the detection and quantification of local serotonin concentration with a dynamic range of 2-10 μM. This device marks a step toward wireless ingestible systems for real-time evaluation of gastrointestinal microbiome metabolites in vivo. © 2023 IEEJ.

关键词： Ingestible Capsule Ingestible Electronics Microbiome Sensing Serotonin Wireless Sensing

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Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise and Sentence Bert Embedding for Indonesian Utterance Clustering

Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise ...

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computer science, Information Technology and engineering (ICCoSITE), International Conference on

作者： Muhammad Fikri Hasani Yaya Heryadi Yulyani Arifin Lukas Wayan Suparta Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Computer Science School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Cognitive Engineering Research Group (CERG) Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Jakarta Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia

Task oriented chatbots are a sub-topic related to chatbots, where chatbots will perform certain tasks with specific goals. One part of creating a task-oriented chatbot is doing intent classification. Intent classification is a task of text classification. As in general text classification, the required dataset requires a label to carry out the classification process. To speed up and help the utterance analysis process, there is already a method, namely clustering, and Density-based clustering is a part of clustering that can determine cluster patterns based on arbitrary data, with DBScan as one of its algorithms. This research used 10000 client utterance data of awhatsapp based e-commerce conversation. SentenceBert also used as a state of art sentence embedding. This research yield silhouette score of 0.327 as the best result from eps of 0.1 and MinPts of 95. However, based on the cluster result, sentences labelled as noise can be further clustered. Text Preprocessing, text augmentation and sentence embedding techniques can be explored to increase the cluster performance.

关键词： computer science Art Text categorization Clustering algorithms Oral communication Chatbots Classification algorithms

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Understanding ADC variation by fat content effect using a dual-function MRI phantom

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European Radiology Experimental 2024年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jui Tsai, Tung-Sheng Li, Ya-Hui Peng, Jo-Hua Chang, Hing-Chiu Peng, Hsu-Hsia Lee, Ying-Chieh Lee, Tung-Yang Liou, Chang-Hsien Lin, Tz-Feng Chew, Fatt-Yang Chou, Ruey-Hwang Juan, Chun-Jung Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital 199 Sec. 1 Xinglong Rd. Hsinchu County Zhubei City 302 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Cheng Ching Hospital Taichung Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung 406 Taiwan Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Background: A dual-function phantom designed to quantify the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in different fat contents (FCs) and glass bead densities (GBDs) to simulate the human tissues has not been documented yet. We propose a dual-function phantom to quantify the FC and to measure the ADC at different FCs and different GBDs. Methods: A fat-containing diffusion phantom comprised by 30 glass-bead-containing fat-water emulsions consisting of six different FCs (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) multiplied by five different GBDs (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/50 mL). The FC and ADC were measured by the “iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation-IQ,” IDEAL-IQ, and single-shot echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging, SS-EP-DWI, sequences, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among the fat fraction (FF) measured by IDEAL-IQ, GBD, and ADC. Results: The ADC was significantly, negatively, and linearly associated with the FF (the linear slope ranged from -0.005 to -0.017, R² = 0.925 to 0.986, all p < 0.001). The slope of the linear relationship between the ADC and the FF, however, varied among different GBDs (the higher the GBD, the lower the slope). ADCs among emulsions across different GBDs and FFs were overlapped. Emulsions with low GBDs plus high FFs shared a same lower ADC range with those with median or high GBDs plus median or lower FFs. Conclusions: A novel dual-function phantom simulating the human tissues allowed to quantify the influence of FC and GBD on ADC. Relevance statement: The study developed an innovative dual-function MRI phantom to explore the impact of FC on ADC variation that can affect clinical results. The results revealed the superimposed effect on FF and GBD density on ADC measurements. Key points: • A dual-function phantom made of glass bead density (GBD) and fat fraction (FF) emulsion has been developed. • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values

关键词： Adipose tissue Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Quality assurance (healthcare) Quality control

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Fluoropolymer-based organic memristor with multifunctionality for flexible neural network system

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npj Flexible Electronics 2021年第1期5卷 296-303页

作者： Min-Hwi Kim Hea-Lim Park Min-Hoi Kim Jaewon Jang Jin-Hyuk Bae In Man Kang Sin-Hyung Lee School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Creative Convergence Engineering Hanbat National UniversityYuseong-guDaejeon 305-719Republic of Korea School of Electronics Engineering and School of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringKyungpook National University80 Daehak-roBuk-guDaegu 702-701Republic of Korea

In this study,we propose an effective strategy for achieving the flexible one organic transistor–one organic memristor(1T–1R)synapse using the multifunctional organic *** dynamics of the conductive nanofilament(CF)in a hydrophobic fluoropolymer medium is explored and a hydrophobic fluoropolymer-based organic memristor is *** flexible 1T–1R synapse can be fabricated using the solution process because the hydrophobic fluorinated polymer layer is produced on the organic transistor without degradation of the underlying *** developed flexible synapse exhibits multilevel conductance with high reliability and stability because of the fluoropolymer film,which acts as a medium for CF growth and an encapsulating layer for the organic ***,the synapse cell shows potential for high-density memory systems and practical neural *** effective concept for developing practical flexible neural networks would be a basic platform to realize the smart wearable electronics.

关键词： transistor network neural

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Low-Loss, Nonvolatile Tuning of Bragg Structures with Sb2Se3

Low-Loss, Nonvolatile Tuning of Bragg Structures with Sb2Se3

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Nicholas A. Nobile Chuanyu Lian Hongyi Sun Yi-Siou Huang Brian Mills Cosmin Constantin Popescu Dennis Callahan Juejun Hu Carlos A. Ríos Ocampo Nathan Youngblood Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Draper Scholar Program The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Cambridge MA USA The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Cambridge MA USA

Sb 2 Se 3 is used to switch between broadband transparency and enhanced index contrast in two device types leveraging Bragg gratings for tunable stop-and pass-band functionalities. Experimental results highlight fabr... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Bragg gratings Waveguide transitions Phase change materials Optical filters Optical switches Refractive index Fabry-Perot Indexes Passband Optical waveguides

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Real-time Vehicle Detection and Tracking on Fisheye Traffic Monitoring Video in Compressed Domain

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APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing 2023年第4期12卷

作者： Ardianto, Sandy Hang, Hsueh-Ming Cheng, Wen-Huang Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Our goal is to develop real-time vehicle detection and tracking schemes for fisheye traffic monitoring video using the temporal information in the compressed domain without decoding the entire video. Two algorithms are proposed. The first algorithm starts with a conventional single-frame detector, but we introduce a multi-frame information fusion stage to improve the final detection and tracking accuracy, which is implemented using multi-modal bi-directional LSTM (MM bi-LSTM) network. The second algorithm first constructs multi-frame motion trail image, and then a single-image multi-head detector is designed to produce bounding boxes of an individual frame. The first scheme can be viewed as a detect-to-track design, and the second scheme is track-to-detect. We tested our proposals on the ICIP2020 VIP Cup dataset in H.265 video format. The aforementioned algorithms are applied to the motion fields and residual images in the H.265 compressed data set. It turns out that their detection and tracking performances are on par with their pixel-domain counterparts, and they can achieve the state-of-the-art accuracy of conventional video object detectors and trackers. If the decoding process for video compression is not counted, their computational complexities are much lower than the conventional pixel-domain video object detectors and trackers. © 2023 S. Ardianto, H.-M. Hang and W.-H. Cheng.

关键词： Image compression

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Controllable Multi-Level Switching of Optical Phase Change materials via Microheater Temperature Profile engineering

Controllable Multi-Level Switching of Optical Phase Change M...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Hongyi Sun Chuanyu Lian Francis Vásquez-Aza Yi-Siou Huang Steven A. Vitale Ichiro Takeuchi Juejun Hu Nathan Youngblood Georges Pavlidis Carlos A. Ríos Ocampo Department-of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Advanced Materials and Microsystems Group MIT Lincoln Laboratory Lexington MA USA Department of Physics Quantum Materials Center University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering MIT Cambridge MA USA Electrical & Computer Engineering Department The University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

We demonstrate doped-silicon-on-insulator microheaters with triangle-like temperature profiles. Such devices control the hotspot size and temperature and, thus, the area that undergoes amorphization or crystallization... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Phase change materials Temperature Optical switches Optical device fabrication Control systems Metasurfaces Optical materials Tuning Optical pulses Switching circuits

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Sample Preconcentration Through Airjet-Induced Liquid Phase Enrichment

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Edward Laurent, Louise C. Hall, Drew A. Lo, Yu-Hwa Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Department of Bioengineering

Sample preparation is essential for nucleic acid assays, affecting their sensitivity and reliability. However, this process often results in a significant loss or dilution of the analyte, which becomes a bottleneck that limits downstream assay performance, particularly for assays that accept a limited input sample volume. To overcome this challenge, we present an evaporative-based sample enrichment method that uses an airjet to concentrate analytes within a small, defined volume by reversing the coffee-ring effect. A small, concentrated sample can then be collected for analysis to increase the initial sample load. The effectiveness of the reported airjet enrichment was quantified using qPCR of λ-DNA, HeLa-S3 RNA, and heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 samples. Comparisons between airjet enrichment and conventional evaporative concentration methods demonstrated significant advantages of airjet enrichment, including the ability to concentrate a high percentage of analyte within a 1 µL volume. The enrichment method was then integrated and adapted for various fluid volumes commonly found in nucleic acid sample preparation procedures. Here, airjet enrichment reduced the overall [[EQUATION]] by an average of 9.27 cycles for each analyte, resulting in a 600-fold enrichment from the initial concentration. In addition, to perform selective enrichment and prevent salt-based interference in downstream analysis, PEG was added to reduce the co-enrichment of salt. These studies show how airjet enrichment technology can be easily integrated into existing laboratory protocols with minimal modification and significantly improve the performance of nucleic acid amplification assays. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomolecules

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