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IEEE Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)

作者： Ranjit Chandra Das Madhab Chandra Das Md. Amzad Hossain Md. Ashiqur Rahman Md Helal Hossen Rakibul Hasan Materials Science & Engineering Florida State University Tallahassee Florida USA Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of information and technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Statistics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science The University of Texas Dallas TX USA Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

Hearth disease is one of the leading causes of death globally and a common disease in the middle and old ages. Among all heart diseases, heart attack and strokes are the most common cardiac illness that is the responsible majority of heart disease death. To identify heart diseases, for instance, Angiography is costly and has significant side effects. Therefore, machine learning can play an important role in identifying and predicting the potential risk factor of cardiac disease based on clinical and patient data, which is affordable and reliable. This study proposed and evaluated six machine learning models using survey data of 400k US residents to predict heart disease. This study also compared the evaluated six machine learning models, which are Xgboost, Bagging, Random Forest, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Naïve Bayes. The accuracy, sensitivity, F1-score, and AUC of six machine learning algorithms are also evaluated and presented. In terms of performance results, the Xgboost model showed optimized results with an accuracy rate of 91.30%.

关键词： Heart Machine learning algorithms Sensitivity Sociology Predictive models Stroke (medical condition) History

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Evaluating the Systematic Reasoning Abilities of Large Language Models through Graph Coloring

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Heyman, Alex Zylberberg, Joel Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York University TorontoON Canada Jules Stein Eye Institute University of California Los AngelesCA United States Learning in Machines and Brains Program CIFAR TorontoON Canada

Contemporary large language models are powerful problem-solving tools, but they exhibit weaknesses in their reasoning abilities which ongoing research seeks to mitigate. We investigate graph coloring as a means of evaluating an LLM’s capacities for systematic step-by-step reasoning and possibility space exploration, as well as effects of semantic problem framing. We test Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Llama 3.1 405B, Gemini 1.5 Pro, GPT-4o, o1-mini, and DeepSeek-R1 on a dataset of k-coloring problems with 2 ≤ k ≤ 4 and vertex count 4 ≤ n ≤ 8, using partial algorithmic solvers to further categorize problems by difficulty. In addition to substantial but varying framing effects, we find that all models except o1-mini and R1 exhibit > 60% error rates on difficult problem types in all frames (> 15% for o1-mini and > 10% for R1), and no model achieves perfect accuracy even in the simple domain of 2-coloring 4-vertex graphs. Our results highlight both the considerable recent progress in LLM systematic reasoning and the limits of its reliability, especially in relation to increasing computational costs. We expect that more complex graph coloring problems, and procedural generation of arbitrary-complexity reasoning problems more broadly, offer further untapped potential for LLM benchmarking. © 2025, CC BY.

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Optics for terawatt-scale photovoltaics: review and perspectives

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Advances in Optics and Photonics 2025年第1期17卷 185-294页

作者： Jäger, Klaus Aeberhard, Urs Llado, Esther Alarcon Bläsi, Benedikt Burger, Sven Ehrler, Bruno Favre, Wilfried Fejfar, Antonín Gageot, Tristan Gordon, Ivan Helmers, Henning Höhn, Oliver Isabella, Olindo Jošt, Marko Ledinský, Martin Mandal, Jyotirmoy Manley, Phillip Muñoz, Delfina Omair, Zunaid Lizcano, Juan Camilo Ortiz Paetzold, Ulrich W. Raman, Aaswath P. Sai, Hitoshi Saive, Rebecca Schmid, Martina Yablonovitch, Eli Becker, Christiane Department Optics for Solar Energy Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Kekuléstraße 5 Berlin12489 Germany Computational Nano Optics Zuse Institute Berlin Takustraße 7 Berlin14195 Germany Fluxim AG Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 2 Winterthur8400 Switzerland LMPV-Sustainable Energy Materials Department AMOLF Science Park 104 Amsterdam1098 XG Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Heidenhofstraße 2 Freiburg79100 Germany JCMwave GmbH Bolivarallee 22 Berlin14050 Germany Université Grenoble Alpes CEA LITEN Campus INES 50 avenue du Lac Léman Le Bourget-du-Lac73375 France FZU - Institute of Physics The Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999/2 Prague 8182 00 Czech Republic IMEC/Energyville Thor Park 8320 Genk3600 Belgium Hasselt University Martelarenlaan 42 Hasselt3500 Belgium Photovoltaic Materials and Devices Laboratory Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands University of Freiburg Emmy-Noether-Str.2 Freiburg79110 Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Tržaška 25 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University E209A Engineering Quadrangle PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institute of Microstructure Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany Light Technology Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology Inorganic Materials Science University of Twente NB Enschede7522 Netherlands University of Duisburg-Essen Forsthausweg 2 Duisburg47057 Germany Faculty 1 School of Engineering – Energy and Information Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin

In this section, we described the various device architectures in production for crystalline-silicon PV as well as the various absorber materials being used and developed for thin-film PV. We also explained why multijunction PV technology is considered the future of PV technology. We identified four major technological challenges (Fig. 1) for future mass production and deployment of PV technology in order to achieve the goal of climate neutrality and indicated how optics could help resolve these challenges. The four main challenges (Fig. 1) are: • Sustainable production of PV systems;• Higher energy conversion efficiencies;• Higher energy output and operational lifetime;• Integration of PV systems in their environment. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy conversion efficiency

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Field-controlled dynamics of skyrmions and monopoles

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tai, Jung-Shen B. Hess, Andrew J. Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Magnetic monopoles, despite their ongoing experimental search as elementary particles, have inspired the discovery of analogous excitations in condensed matter systems. In chiral condensed matter systems, emergent monopoles are responsible for the onset of transitions between topologically distinct states and phases, like in the case of transitions from helical and conical phase to A-phase comprising periodic arrays of skyrmions. By combining numerical modeling and optical characterizations, we describe how different geometrical configurations of skyrmions terminating at monopoles can be realized in liquid crystals and liquid crystal ferromagnets. We demonstrate how such complex structures can be effectively manipulated by external magnetic and electric fields. Furthermore, we discuss how our findings may hint at similar dynamics in other physical systems, and their potential applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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Observation of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Topological Model Band Structure in Integrated LNOI Coupled Ring Cavities 16

Observation of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Topological Model Band S...

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16th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO-PR 2024

作者： Dinh, Hiep X. Balcytis, Armandas Ozawa, Tomoki Ota, Yasutomo Baba, Toshihiko Iwamoto, Satoshi Mitchell, Arnan Nguyen, Thach G. Rmit University Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre MelbourneVIC3000 Australia Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Keio University Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Yokohama223-8522 Japan Yokohama National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama240-8501 Japan The University of Tokyo Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology Tokyo153-8904 Japan

We report synthetic frequency dimension Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and its band structure observation using coupled ring cavities on an integrated photonic chip. Intra-cell and inter-cell couplings between hybridized ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372076

关键词： Photonic integrated circuits

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Improved Synaptic Characteristics in Bilayer Memristor by Post-Oxide Deposition Annealing for Pattern Recognition

Improved Synaptic Characteristics in Bilayer Memristor by Po...

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2022 International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications, VLSI-TSA 2022

作者： Kumar, Dayanand Huang, Yi-Rong Pal, Pratibha Saleem, Aftab Singh, Amit Lee, Hoonkyung Wang, Yeong-Her Tseng, Tseung Yuen National Cheng-Kung University Institute of Microelectronics Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan701 Taiwan Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tainan70101 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30010 Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Konkuk University Department of Physics Seoul05029 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409230

We present highly stable bilayer HfO2/TiO2 memristive synapse for neuromorphic computing applications. The memristive synapse shows repetitive 220 Long-term potentiation and depression cycles without any breakdown with total number of 220k pulses. The nonlinear values of potentiation and depression are 2.52 and -2.63, respectively with 1000 conductance pulses (500 pulses of potentiation and 500 pulses of depression). The experimental data of potentiation and depression was used to train HNN for pattern recognition of 28×28 pixels comprising 784 synapses. In 16 iterations, the HNN can be successfully trained to identify the input image with a training accuracy of about 97%. Moreover, the device has good retention (104 s) at 120 °C. These excellent synaptic characteristics of annealed device allows it for artificial intelligence systems in near future. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Hafnium oxides

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Multiplex Magnetic Biosensor Microarrays Facilitate Personalized Vaccination Schedules for Sars-Cov-2 Variants

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Um, Hyun-Kyung Kim, Songeun Wang, Shan X. Lee, Jung-Rok Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA94305 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA94305 United States

Rapid, sensitive, multiplexed antibody detection technologies are essential for assessing vaccine efficacy and recipient immunity against viruses. As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continue to emerge, and the fact that novel viruses may pose potential threats in the near future, personalized vaccines can be precisely tailored to an individual’s measured immunity to help mitigate the symptoms of infection and viral spread. Here, we present giant magnetoresistive (GMR) biosensor microarrays for the quantitative multiplexed detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The multiplexed GMR biosensor microarrays demonstrated high sensitivity, comparable to that of the single-plex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enabling multiplexed measurements using blood obtained from finger pricks. Additionally, the GMR biosensor microarrays demonstrated compatibility with clinical samples and could detect variant-specific antibodies in serum, allowing for the assessment of current immunity status. Notably, an increased concentration of antibodies against the Omicron variant was clearly observed two weeks after receiving an Omicron-based booster vaccination. These results indicate that GMR biosensor microarrays offer a practical point-of-care tool for monitoring humoral immunity and guiding personalized vaccination schedules, thereby supporting immunity management against SARS-CoV-2 and future viral threats. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Giant magnetoresistance

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A Fully Additive Fabrication Approach for sub-10-Micrometer Microvia Suitable for 3-D System-in-Package Integration

A Fully Additive Fabrication Approach for sub-10-Micrometer ...

引用

Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Roghayeh Imani Shailesh Chouhan Jussi Putaala Olli Nousiainen Juha Hagberg Sami Myllymäki Sarthak Acharya Heli Jantunen Jerker Delsing Department of Computer Science Electrical & Space Engineering EISLAB Luleå Technical University Luleå Sweden Microelectronics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland Materials and Mechanical Engineering Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Oulu Oulu Finland

The semiconductor industry demands high input/output (I/O) density, requiring sub-l0-micrometer microvia. Here we propose a novel, fully additive, economical approach for creating and copper plating of microvias. The experimental process consisted of three stages. In Stage I, a polyurethane layer was spin-coated onto a FR-4 PCB base, followed by target copper layer deposition using the sequential build-up-covalent bonded metallization (SBU -CBM) method. In Stage II, first another layer of polyurethane was spin-coated on the top of the target copper layer, and then a microvia was created on the polyurethane layer using a picosecond pulsed ultraviolet (UV) laser. Finally, in Stage III, the SBU-CBM method was used to selectively copper plating of the microvia. Optical microscopy and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the successful formation and copper plating of sub-l0 micrometer microvia.

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Charge carrier dynamics in different crystal phases of CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)perovskite

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Opto-Electronic science 2022年第4期1卷 1-10,22-27页

作者： Efthymis Serpetzoglou Ioannis Konidakis George Kourmoulakis Ioanna Demeridou Konstantinos Chatzimanolis Christos Zervos George Kioseoglou Emmanuel Kymakis Emmanuel Stratakis Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser(IESL) Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas(FORTH)Herakleio 70013Greece Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHerakleio 71004Greece Department of Materials Science and Technology University of CreteHerakleio 70013Greece Department of Physics University of CreteHerakleio 70013Greece.

Despite that organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have attracted enormous scientific attention for energy conversion applications over the recent years,the influence of temperature and the type of the employed hole transport layer(HTL)on the charge carrier dynamics and recombination processes in perovskite photovoltaic devices is still largely *** particular,significant knowledge is missing on how these crucial parameters for radiative and non-radiative recombinations,as well as for efficient charge extraction vary among different perovskite crystalline phases that are induced by temperature ***,we perform micro photoluminescence(pPL)and ultrafast time resolved transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS)in Glass/Perovskite and two dierent Glass/ITO/HTL/Perovskite configurations at temperatures below room temperature,in order to probe the charge carrier dynamics of different perovskite crystalline phases,while considering also the effect of the employed HTL ***,CH_(3)NH_(3)Pbb films were deposited on Glass,PEDOT:PSS and PTAA polymers,and the developed Glass/CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)and Glass/ITO/HTL/CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)architectures were studied from 85 K up to 215 K in order to explore the charge extraction dynamics of the CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)orthorhombic and tetragonal crystalline *** is observed an unusual blueshift of the bandgap with temperature and the dual emission at temperature below of 100 K and also,that the charge carrier dynamics,as expressed by hole injection times and free carrier recombination rates,are strongly depended on the actual pervoskite crystal phase,as well as,from the selected hole transport material.

关键词： transient absorption spectroscopy p-photoluminescence variable temperature perovskite crystalline phases hole transport layer charge carrier dynamics

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Reliability Behavior of A Resin-Free Nanosilver Paste at Ultra-Low Temperature of 180°C

引用

Power Electronic Devices and Components 2022年 3卷

作者： Zhang, Bowen Chen, Shi Lu, Guo-Quan. Mei, Yun-Hui. School of Electrical Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States

In this paper, excellent thermo-mechanical reliability of resin-free silver sintering for large-area (20 × 20 mm2) bonding was successfully achieved by using a trimodal particle system composed of nano-, submicron-, and micron-sized Ag particles. After 1000 cycles of the thermal shock (TS) test, the transient thermal impedance (Zth) increase of the proposed resin-free silver paste sintered at 180°C under 2 MPa and 5 MPa is only 5.8% and 6.1%, respectively. Due to the avoidance of resin degradation, the obtained resin-free silver paste as-sintered under 5 MPa exhibt outstanding shear strength (>12.5 MPa) even after 1000 cycles TS test. The obtained cross-sectional microstructure can confirms the excellent thermo-mechanical reliability of the sintered resin-free silver paste, which exhibits a denser and more homogeneous bonding layer with a porosity as low as 12.5%. Furthermore, distinct indications of plastic flow can be observed on the fracture surfaces of corresponding joints before and after aging, which further confirm the superiority of proposed resin-free sintering method. The development of novel resin-free silver paste successfully promotes the thermo-mechanical reliability of silicon carbide (SiC) power devices at a low processing temperature of 180°C, and greatly benefits the practical application of SiC power devices. © 2022

关键词： Sintering

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