High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated foc...
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High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.
Wireless communication via unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has drawn a great deal of attention due to its flexibility in establishing line-of-sight (LoS) communications. However, in complex urban and dynamic environme...
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This paper introduces an alternative technique for diagnosing Acute Ischemic Stroke within the IoMT environment. In the proposed approach, the collected data is transmitted to a cloud-based center where the technique ...
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Advancements in clean energy drive socio-economic development and foster a sustainable future by restructuring energy systems and promoting low-carbon development. In this paper, we presented a comprehensive investiga...
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We address the challenge of creating semi-Quanta images of vertically-oriented carbon nanotubes (CNT). Our previous method, CNTNeXt, successfully predicted the mechanical properties for semi-Scanning Electron Microsco...
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nano-materials with diverse applications in various fields, ranging from electronics and energy storage to biomedical applications. Characterization of CNT forest structures and p...
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Nonlinear optical properties,such as bulk photovoltaic effects,possess great potential in energy harvesting,photodetection,rectification,*** enable efficient light–current conversion,materials with strong photo-respo...
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Nonlinear optical properties,such as bulk photovoltaic effects,possess great potential in energy harvesting,photodetection,rectification,*** enable efficient light–current conversion,materials with strong photo-responsivity are highly *** this work,we predict that monolayer Janus transition metal dichalcogenides(JTMDs)in the 1T′phase possess colossal nonlinear photoconductivity owing to their topological band mixing,strong inversion symmetry breaking,and small electronic bandgap.1T′JTMDs have inverted bandgaps on the order of 10 meV and are exceptionally responsive to light in the terahertz(THz)*** first-principles calculations,we reveal that 1T′JTMDs possess shift current(SC)conductivity as large as 2300 nmμA V^(−2),equivalent to a photo-responsivity of 2800 mA/*** circular current(CC)conductivity of 1T′JTMDs is as large as∼104 nmμA V^(−2).These remarkable photo-responsivities indicate that the 1T′JTMDs can serve as efficient photodetectors in the THz *** also find that external stimuli such as the in-plane strain and out-of-plane electric field can induce topological phase transitions in 1T′JTMDs and that the SC can abruptly flip their *** abrupt change of the nonlinear photocurrent can be used to characterize the topological transition and has potential applications in 2D optomechanics and nonlinear optoelectronics.
Domain data can be shifted in any direction so it will be shared in different distributions to its original domain. This could be a problem since the model was trained with different distributions. It is found that ad...
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The existence of fine-grained image classification supporting smart retail provides effectiveness in recognizing products with high similarity. However, the generic classification method performs poorly in identifying...
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The work function, which is the energy barrier for an electron escaping from the surface of a material, is a fundamental material surface property with many applications spanning energy harvesting, heterogeneous catal...
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The work function, which is the energy barrier for an electron escaping from the surface of a material, is a fundamental material surface property with many applications spanning energy harvesting, heterogeneous catalysis, vacuum electronics, and solid-state electronics. In this review, we define different aspects of the work function through an electrostatic potential treatment. We discuss in detail the role of electric fields, especially the heterogeneous surface patch field, in order to clarify potential points of confusion about work-function measurement and interpretation. We review standard experimental approaches to measure work function and the use of density-functional theory as a computational tool to predict work function. We then discuss the influence of materials chemistry and structure on work-function trends. We also discuss the role of work function in various applications, including a particular focus on relative electron energy-level alignment. Finally, we discuss two common approaches for engineering work-function values for specific applications: tuning the Fermi level and tuning the surface dipole. This review provides guidance for researchers interested in the intersection of work function, surface characterization, surface and interface physics and chemistry, and materials and device design for a wide array of technologically relevant applications.
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