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X-RAY-DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF EPITAXY IN ORTHORHOMBIC-DYMNO3/ER1BA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILM HETEROSTRUCTURES ON LAALO3 (100) SUBSTRATES

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PHYSICA C 1994年第3-4期220卷 383-388页

作者： SESHADRI, P CHOUDHARY, KM University of Notre Dame Department of Electrical Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Notre Dame IN 46556 USA

The heteroepitaxy in DyMnO3/Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta bilayer thin films on LaAlO3 (100) substrates was characterized by four-circle X-ray diffractometry. The Er1Ba2CU3O7-delta thin films on LaAlO3 (100) substrates were prepared by molecular-beam deposition (MBD) and post-growth annealing in wet and dry O2 at 880-degrees-C, whereas the DyMnO3 thin films OD the Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta/LaAlO3 (100) heterostructure were deposited by MBD and post-growth annealing in dry O2 at 750-degrees-C. The conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns as well as pole figures (phi-scans) for specific (hkl) reflections were acquired. The Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta thin film in the DyMnO3/Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta/LaAlO3 (100) heterostructure showed [001] oriented epitaxial growth, as expected. The DyMnO3 thin film on the Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta epilayer in the heterostructure grew with (110) epitaxy in its metastable orthorhombic phase (lattice constants: a0 = 5.272 angstrom, b0 = 5.795 angstrom and c0 = 7.38 angstrom). The heteroepitaxial relationships at the orthorhombic-DyMnO3 (110)/Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (001) interface was determined as the following: DyMnO3 (110) parallel-to Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (001), DyMnO3 [110BAR] parallel-to Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta [100] or Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta [010], and DyMnO3 [001] parallel-to Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta [010] or Er1Ba2Cu3O7-delta [100].

关键词： Superconducting films

A Van der Waals Moiré Bilayer Photonic Crystal Cavity

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Spencer, Lesley Coste, Nathan Ni, Xueqi Park, Seungmin Schaeper, Otto C. Kim, Young Duck Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Toth, Milos Zalogina, Anastasiia Tang, Haoning Aharonovich, Igor School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology Sydney UltimoNSW2007 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems University of Technology Sydney UltimoNSW2007 Australia Department of Physics National University of Singapore 119077 Singapore Department of Physics Kyung Hee University Seoul02447 Korea Republic of International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States

Enhancing light-matter interactions with photonic structures is critical in classical and quantum nanophotonics. Recently, Moiré twisted bilayer optical materials have been proposed as a promising means towards a tunable and controllable platform for nanophotonic devices, with proof of principle realisations in the near infrared spectral range. However, the realisation of Moiré photonic crystal (PhC) cavities has been challenging, due to a lack of advanced nanofabrication techniques and availability of standalone transparent membranes. Here, we leverage the properties of the van der Waals material hexagonal Boron Nitride to realize Moiré bilayer PhC cavities. We design and fabricate a range of devices with controllable twist angles, with flatband modes in the visible spectral range (~ 450 nm). Optical characterization confirms the presence of spatially periodic cavity modes originating from the engineered dispersion relation (flatband). Our findings present a major step towards harnessing a two-dimensional van der Waals material for the next-generation of on chip, twisted nanophotonic systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

Accelerating device characterization in perovskite solar cells via neural network approach

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Applied Energy 2025年 392卷

作者： Zhao, Xinhai Huang, Chaopeng Birgersson, Erik Suprun, Nikita Tan, Hu Quee Zhang, Yurou Jiang, Yuxia Shou, Chunhui Sun, Jingsong Peng, Jun Xue, Hansong Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co. Ltd. Hangzhou Zhejiang310000 China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117575 Singapore National University of Singapore 7 Engineering Drive 1 117574 Singapore School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore

Perovskite solar cells are promising candidates for next-generation high-efficiency photovoltaic devices, especially as top cells in tandem applications. Using a physical-based optoelectronic model, we collect big data of one hundred thousand sample size to train neural network models for efficient prediction of device performance and recombination losses. Latin hypercube sampling, Bayesian regularization, and Bayesian optimization are adopted for data preparation, model training, and optimization of the neural networks, respectively. The best neural network models achieved mean squared errors below 4×10−4 on a reserved testing dataset. The computational speed of the neural network is more than one thousand times faster than traditional optoelectronic models. As a result, fast device calibration can be conducted in twenty-four seconds. The reduced computational cost allows for efficient device characterization, parametric studies, sensitivity analysis, loss analysis, and optimization. After optimizing interface recombination in our in-house fabricated devices, we observed an experimental improvement of approximately 2 % in power conversion efficiency. Additionally, we predict theoretical power conversion efficiencies of 28.9 % and 25.5 % for perovskite solar cells with band gaps of 1.56 eV and 1.63 eV, respectively. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Perovskite

Synergistic integration of dual Z-scheme Gd₂Sn₂O₇/Ag₃PO₄/SnS₂ heterojunction for accelerated visible-light photodegradation of sulfasalazine: Insights into DFT, toxicity, and antibacterial study

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Journal of Water Process engineering 2025年 75卷

作者： Jagtap, Akash Ashokrao Prasanna, Sanjay Ballur Ramanathan, Susaritha Shadakshari, Sandeep Ningappa, Kumara Swamy Lin, Yu-Chien Liu, Xinke Tung, Ching-Wei Chung, Ren-Jei Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech) Taipei 10608 Taiwan Department of Chemistry SJCE JSS Science and Technology University Karnataka 570006 India School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore BIOBOND LTD 1 Abacus House Newlands Road Corsham Wiltshire SN13 0BH United Kingdom College of Materials Science and Engineering Chinese Engineering and Research Institute of Microelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24301 Taiwan High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech) Taipei 10608 Taiwan

The persistence of pharmaceutical contaminants sulfasalazine (SSZ) in aquatic environments poses significant ecological risks, necessitating efficient removal strategies. This study integrated novel double-Z-scheme photocatalysts (Gd₂Sn₂O₇/Ag₃PO₄/SnS₂) using a hydrothermal method and subsequently ultrasonicated. The prepared photocatalysts were systematically assessed for photocatalytic efficiency, degradation of sulfasalazine (SSZ), and actuation of persulfate (PS) under visible light. The impact of the initial antibiotic concentration, reaction pH, photocatalyst dosage, and PS concentration on the efficiency of photocatalysis was thoroughly examined. The synergistic action of reactive oxygen species (•OH, ¹O₂, SO₄•⁻) was confirmed through radical quenching and EPR analyses. GC–MS analysis and density functional theory (DFT) suggested potential degradation mechanisms and pathways. Additionally, based on projections from the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR), the toxicity of the intermediates was evaluated. The photocatalyst achieved 86.47 % SSZ degradation within 70 min under visible light and persulfate (PS) activation, reducing byproduct toxicity as confirmed by QSAR analysis. The nanocomposite was tested under visible light to determine its bactericidal effectiveness toward the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This study highlights a scalable solution for antibiotic removal in wastewater, advancing environmental pollution mitigation technologies. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： DFT Gd2Sn2O7/Ag3PO4/SnS2 heterojunction Photocatalytic degradation Sulfasalazine Thermodynamics

Visualizing Field-free Deterministic Magnetic Switching of all–van der Waals Spin-Orbit Torque System Using Spin Ensembles in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xi Zhou, Jingcheng Hu, Chaowei Deng, Kuangyin Wang, Chuangtang Agarwal, Nishkarsh Jin, Hanshang Al-Matouq, Faris A. Xu, Stelo Trivedi, Roshan S. Li, Senlei Rathi, Sumedh Lu, Hanyi Jiang, Zhigang Taufour, Valentin Hovden, Robert Zhao, Liuyan Cheng, Ran Xu, Xiaodong Chu, Jiun-Haw Du, Chunhui Rita Wang, Hailong School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States

Recently, optically active spin defects embedded in van der Waals (vdW) crystals have emerged as a transformative quantum sensing platform to explore cutting-edge materials science and quantum physics. Taking advantage of excellent solid-state integrability, this new class of spin defects can be arranged in controllable nanoscale proximity of target materials in vdW heterostructures, showing great promise for improving spatial resolution and field sensitivity of current sensing technologies. Building on this state-of-the-art measurement platform, here we report hexagonal boron nitride-based quantum imaging of field-free deterministic magnetic switching of room-temperature two-dimensional magnet Fe3GaTe2 in an all-vdW spin-orbit torque (SOT) system. By visualizing SOT-driven variations of nanoscale Fe3GaTe2 magnetic stray field profile under different conditions, we have revealed how the observed magnetic switching evolves from deterministic to indeterministic behavior due to the interplay between out-of-plane spins, in-plane spins and Joule heating. This understanding, which is otherwise difficult to access by conventional transport measurements, offers valuable insights on material design, testing, and evaluation of next-generation vdW spintronic devices. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

Unconventional Superconducting Phase Diagram of Monolayer WTe2

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Song, Tiancheng Jia, Yanyu Yu, Guo Tang, Yue Uzan, Ayelet J. Zheng, Zhaoyi Joy Guan, Haosen Onyszczak, Michael Singha, Ratnadwip Gui, Xin Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Cava, Robert J. Schoop, Leslie M. Ong, N.P. Wu, Sanfeng Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan

The existence of a quantum critical point (QCP) and fluctuations around it are believed to be important for understanding the phase diagram in unconventional superconductors such as cuprates, iron pnictides, and heavy fermion superconductors. However, the QCP is usually buried deep within the superconducting dome and is difficult to investigate. The connection between quantum critical fluctuations and superconductivity remains an outstanding problem in condensed matter. Here combining both electrical transport and Nernst experiments, we explicitly demonstrate the onset of superconductivity at an unconventional QCP in gate-tuned monolayer tungsten ditelluride (WTe2), with features incompatible with the conventional Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) scenario. The results lead to a novel superconducting phase diagram that is distinguished from other known superconductors. Two distinct gate-tuned quantum phase transitions are observed at the ends of the superconducting dome. We find that quantum fluctuations around the QCP of the underdoped regime are essential for understanding how the monolayer superconductivity is established. The unconventional phase diagram we report here illustrates a previously unknown relation between superconductivity and QCP. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy fermion superconductors

BENCHMARKING COMMUNITY DRUG RESPONSE PREDICTION MODELS: DATASETS, MODELS, TOOLS, AND METRICS FOR CROSS-DATASET GENERALIZATION ANALYSIS

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Partin, Alexander Vasanthakumari, Priyanka Narykov, Oleksandr Wilke, Andreas Koussa, Natasha Jones, Sara E. Zhu, Yitan Overbeek, Jamie C. Jain, Rajeev Fernando, Gayara Demini Sanchez-Villalobos, Cesar Garcia-Cardona, Cristina Mohd-Yusof, Jamaludin Chia, Nicholas Wozniak, Justin M. Ghosh, Souparno Pal, Ranadip Brettin, Thomas S. Weil, M. Ryan Stevens, Rick L. Division of Data Science and Learning Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Cancer Data Science Initiatives Cancer Research Technology Program FrederickMD United States Department of Statistics University of Nebraska–Lincoln LincolnNE United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas Tech University LubbockTX United States Division of Computer Computational and Statistical Sciences Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM United States Department of Computer Science The University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States

Deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) models have shown promise in drug response prediction (DRP), yet their ability to generalize across datasets remains an open question, raising concerns about their real-world applicability. Due to the lack of standardized benchmarking approaches, model evaluations and comparisons often rely on inconsistent datasets and evaluation criteria, making it difficult to assess true predictive capabilities. In this work, we introduce a benchmarking framework for evaluating cross-dataset prediction generalization in DRP models. Our framework incorporates five publicly available drug screening datasets, six standardized DRP models, and a scalable workflow for systematic evaluation. To assess model generalization, we introduce a set of evaluation metrics that quantify both absolute performance (e.g., predictive accuracy across datasets) and relative performance (e.g., performance drop compared to within-dataset results), enabling a more comprehensive assessment of model transferability. Our results reveal substantial performance drops when models are tested on unseen datasets, underscoring the importance of rigorous generalization assessments. While several models demonstrate relatively strong cross-dataset generalization, no single model consistently outperforms across all datasets. Furthermore, we identify CTRPv2 as the most effective source dataset for training, yielding higher generalization scores across target datasets. By sharing this standardized evaluation framework with the community, our study aims to establish a rigorous foundation for model comparison, and accelerate the development of robust DRP models for real-world applications. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Prediction models

Carbon nanotube transistor technology for More-Moore scaling

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 3051-3069页

作者： Qing Cao Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDepartment of Chemistry Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61820USA

Scaling of silicon field-effect transistors has fueled the exponential development of microelectronics in the past 60 years,but is now close to its physical limits with the critical dimensions of state-of-the-art silicon devices approaching the sub-10 nm *** nanotubes have been suggested to hold great promise of replacing the central role of silicon in the next-generation logic switches with their unique geometrical and electrical *** this article,I firstly examine the scaling advantages of carbon nanotubes compared to silicon from technology-development perspective,and then review the latest progress on addressing the manufacturability issues for scaled carbon-nanotube transistors,from materials to device-integration ***,the possible pathways for nanotube transistors to transition into commercial applications are discussed.

关键词： carbon nanotube transistor scaling

Spin wave eigenmodes in nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meo, Andrea Sha, Chengcen Darwin, Emily Tomasello, Riccardo Carpentieri, Mario Krivorotov, Ilya N. Finocchio, Giovanni Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology DübendorfCH-8600 Switzerland Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina MessinaI-98166 Italy

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are key enablers of spintronic technologies used in a variety of applications including information storage, microwave generation and detection, as well as unconventional computing. Here, we present experimental and theoretical studies of quantized spin wave eigenmodes in perpendicular MTJs focusing on a coupled magnetization dynamics in the free (FL) and reference (RL) layers of the MTJ, where the RL is a synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF). Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements reveal excitation of two spin wave eigenmodes in response to applied microwave current. These modes show opposite frequency shifts as a function of out-of-plane magnetic field. Our micromagnetic simulations accurately reproduce the dependence of the mode frequencies on magnetic field and reveal the spatial profiles of the excitations in the FL and RL. The FL and RL modes generate rectified voltage signals of opposite polarity, which makes this device a promising candidate for a tunable dual-frequency microwave signal detector. The simulations show that weak interlayer exchange coupling within the SAF enhances the mode amplitudes. We also calculate the response of the detector as a function of in-plane magnetic field bias and find that its sensitivity significantly increases with increasing field. We experimentally confirm this prediction via ST-FMR measurements as a function of in-plane magnetic field. Our results provide deeper understanding of quantized spin wave eigenmodes in nanoscale MTJs with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and demonstrate the potential of these devices for frequency-selective dual-channel microwave signal detectors. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spin waves