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Anisotropic exchange spin model to investigate the Curie temperature dispersion of L10-FePt magnetic nanoparticles

Journal of Applied Physics 2025年第18期137卷

作者： Ochiai, Kohei Tsuyama, Tomoyuki Shimizu, Sumera Zhang, Lei Watanabe, Jin Kudo, Fumito Zhu, Jian-Gang Okuno, Yoshishige Resonac Corporation Research Center for Computational Science and Informatics 8 Ebisu-cho Kanagawa-ku Kanagawa Yokohama221-8517 Japan Resonac Hard Disk Corporation Research & Development Center 5-1 Yawatakaigan-dori Chiba Ichihara290-0067 Japan Data Storage Systems Center Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Materials Science and Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

We developed an anisotropic exchange spin model that accounts for magnetic anisotropy and evaluated the Curie temperature ( T c ) dispersion due to finite-size effects in L1 0 -FePt nanoparticles. In heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) media, a next-generation magnetic recording technology, high-density recording is achieved by locally heating L1 0 -FePt nanoparticles near their T c and rapidly cooling them. However, variations in T c caused by differences in particle size and shape can compromise recording stability and areal density capacity, making the control of T c dispersion critical. In this study, we constructed atomistic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert models to explicitly incorporate the spin exchange anisotropy of L 1 0 -FePt, based on parameters determined by first-principles calculations. Using this model, we evaluated the impact of particle size on T c dispersion. As a result, (1) the T c dispersion critical to the performance of HAMR can be reproduced, whereas it was previously underestimated by isotropic models and (2) approximately 70 % of the experimentally observed T c dispersion can be attributed to particle-size effects. This research highlights the role of exchange anisotropy in amplifying finite-size effects and underscores the importance of size control in HAMR media. © 2025 Author(s).

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticles

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Moisture-driven phase transition for improved perovskite solar cells with reduced trap-state density

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Nano Research 2017年第4期10卷 1413-1422页

作者： Swaminathan Venkatesan Fang Hao Junyoung Kim Yaoguang Rong Zhuan Zhu Yanliang Liang Jiming Bao Yan Yao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA

We report a mechanistic understanding of a moisture-driven intermediate-phase transition that improves the quality of perovskite thin films based on a lead-acetate precursor, improving the power-conversion effidency. We clarify the composition of the intermediate phase and attribute the transition of this phase to the hygroscopic nature of the organic product, i.e., methylammonium acetate. Thermal annealing aids in the coarsening of the grains. These decoupled processes result in better crystal formation with a lower spatial and energetic distribution of traps. Thermal annealing of the films without exposure to air results in a faster intermediate-phase transition and grain coarsening, which occur simultaneously, leading to disorder in the films and a higher deep trap-state density. Our results indicate the need for a humid environment for the growth of high-quality perovskite films and provide insight into intermediate-phase dissociation and conversion kinetics. Thus, they are useful for the large-scale production of effident solution-processed perovskite solar cells.

关键词： perovskite solar cells phase transition moisture treatment film growth

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Identifying Cellular Neighborhood Phenotypes Differentiating Normal and Quiescent Crohn's Disease via MxIF

Identifying Cellular Neighborhood Phenotypes Differentiating...

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Medical Imaging 2025: Digital and Computational Pathology

作者： Rudravaram, Gaurav Bao, Shunxing Krishnan, Aravind R. Remedios, Lucas W. Kim, Michael E. Saunders, Adam M. Liu, Qi Lau, Ken S. Roland, Joseph T. Washington, Mary K. Coburn, Lori A. Wilson, Keith T. Huo, Yuankai Landman, Bennett A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Program in Cancer Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine NashvilleTN United States Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System NashvilleTN United States Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Center for Quantitative Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Epithelial Biology Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Nashville United States Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510686045

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by alternating periods of activity and remission. This study investigates whether the cellular environments of quiescent (inactive disease) and normal tissues show similarities or differences, exploring potential residual effects from disease and tissue recovery patterns. While active CD can typically be characterized by high neutrophil density, whereas quiescent tissues present less pronounced inflammatory markers. This study leverages multiplexed immunofluorescence (MxIF) data to examine the distributions and patterns of various nuclei subtypes in quiescent versus normal tissues, aiming to determine how similar or different these tissues are in the absence of active inflammation. In our study, we analyze four tissue samples labeled as normal and five as quiescent from CD patients, as determined by a pathologist. We use rigid and deformable registration of MxIF images to analyze these tissues in a unified space and classify the nuclei into 13 subtypes. Using a KD tree, we identify the 10 nearest neighbors for each nucleus, building a combined distance-weighted neighborhood matrix representing both normal and quiescent tissues. We projected these neighborhoods into 2 dimensions using t-distributed stochastic nearest neighbor(t-SNE), clustered them, and calculated the enrichment for each subtype between normal and quiescent states within each of 20 and 40 clusters. In the 20-cluster analysis, we find monocytes enrich in one cluster and leukocytes enrich in two clusters for normal and quiescent tissues respectively. For the 40-cluster analysis, we observe monocytes, macrophages, and leukocytes enrich in one cluster each in normal tissues, and in the quiescent condition, one cluster enriched with enteroendocrine cells, and two clusters enriched with leukocytes. The results were statistically significant as determined by a chi-squared test (p © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Tissues White blood cells Diseases and disorders Biological samples Matrices Statistical analysis Image segmentation Image registration Critical dimension metrology Inflammation

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A Multi-Step Multivariate Fuzzy-based Time Series Forecasting on Internet of Things Data

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Bitencourt, Hugo Vinicius Lucas, Patri-Cia de Oliveira Orang, Omid Silva, Petronio C. L. Guimaraes, Frederico Gadelha Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering MG Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais IFNMG MG Salinas Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG Computer Science MG Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais IFNMG MG Januaria Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG Department of Computer Science MG Belo Horizonte Brazil

Multi-step ahead time series forecasting is essential in Internet of Things (IoT) applications in smart cities and smart homes to make accurate future predictions and precise decision-making. Thus, this study introduces a novel multiple-input single-output (MISO) forecasting method called Multi-Step Embedding-based Fuzzy Time Series (MS-EFTS), designed to predict high-dimensional non-stationary time series data. As a first-order approach, it employs a direct strategy that integrates an embedding transformation with a weighted multivariate FTS (WMVFTS) model. This combination allows for effective predictions over long-term horizons within low-dimensional, learned continuous representations. The effectiveness of the proposed MS-EFTS is assessed using three high-dimensional IoT time series in this investigation. The obtained results showcase the superior performance of the proposed method compared to some deep learning forecasting methods, including LSTM, BiLSTM, TCN, and CNN-LSTM, in terms of accuracy, parsimony, and efficiency. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Smart homes

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PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF HETEROJUNCTION PHOTOTRANSISTORS, P-I-N FETS, AND APD-FETS FOR OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION-SYSTEMS

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IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 1981年第12期17卷 2259-2261页

作者： TABATABAIEALAVI, K FONSTAD, CG Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Center of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

An analysis of the sensitivity of InGaAs/InP bipolar heterojunction phototransistors (HJPT's) used in pulse code modulated optical communications systems is presented. The minimum detectable power of an HJPT biased at the optimum level is found to increase linearly with bit rateBwhile because of the fixed transconductance of the FET amplifier, the minimum detectable power of a p-i-n FET increases asB{3/2}. It is shown that HJPT's can thus have higher sensitivity than p-i-n FET detectors, particularly at high bit rates, and can have comparable sensitivity to APD-FET detectors.

关键词： Heterojunctions Phototransistors PIN photodiodes FETs Optical fiber communication Pulse amplifiers Pulse modulation Bit rate Indium gallium arsenide Indium phosphide

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OBLIQUE-CUT LINBO3 MICROCHANNEL SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR

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OPTICS LETTERS 1982年第7期7卷 344-346页

作者： WARDE, C THACKARA, JI Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the Center for Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139

Significant improvements in the spatial resolution, framing speed, optical quality, and space-domain image-processing capabilities of the microchannel spatial light modulator have been realized by employing oblique-cut rather than z-cut LiNbO 3 crystals, high-strip-current (250- μ A) microchannel plates, and an acceleration grid in the gap of the device. In particular, a prototype device employing a 330- μ m-thick, optimum-cut (rotated 55° from the z axis) LiNbO 3 crystal exhibited a framing rate in excess of 30 Hz with full modulation depth and a spatial resolution of ~1.9 cycles/mm at 50% contrast (~10 cycles/mm at 10% contrast). Additionally, four-level to two-level intensity image conversion, contrast reversal, contrast enhancement, edge enhancement, and the binary-level operations AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, and NXOR have been demonstrated by operating the device in its space-domain image-processing mode.

关键词： Dielectric mirrors Image processing Image sharpening Microchannel plates Spatial light modulators Spatial resolution

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TextAI 3.0 (Multimodal): multimodal sentiment analysis using attention-enabled ensemble-based deep learning in hyperbolic space

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-16页

作者： Singh, Jaskaran Sanga, Prabhav Khanna, Narendra N. Laird, John R. Singh, Inder M. Kalra, Mannudeep K. Mantella, Laura E. Johri, Amer M. Faa, Gavino Tiwari, Ekta Singh, Rajesh Abbas, Mohamed Saba, Luca Suri, Jasjit S. Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division AtheroPoint™ Roseville 95661 CA United States Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New Delhi India Department of Cardiology Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals New Delhi 110001 India Department of Neurology and Stroke Program University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore United States Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston 02115 MA United States Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen’s University Kingston ON Canada Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Queen’s University Kingston ON Canada Department of Pathology University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy Department of Computer Science Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT) Nagpur 440010 India Department of Research and Innovation Uttaranchal Institute of Technology Uttaranchal University Dehradun 248007 India Central Labs King Khalid University P.O. Box 960 AlQura’a Abha Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Department of Neurology University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy Department of ECE Idaho State University Pocatello 83209 ID United States Department of CE Graphic Era Deemed to Be University Dehradun 248002 India University Center for Research and Development Chandigarh University Mohali India Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Nagpur Campus Pune India Department of Innovation Global Biomedical Technologies Inc. Roseville 95661 CA United States

The rising prevalence of depression presents a significant global health challenge, underscoring the need for effective early detection through sentiment analysis. Traditional multimodal sentiment analysis methods, which rely on Euclidean space for data representation, often fail to capture the complex hierarchical relationships and non-linear structures inherent in multimodal data. To address this limitation, we propose a novel multimodal architecture that operates in hyperbolic space and incorporates attention-based ensemble learning to enhance feature representation and model performance. We developed and evaluated ten AI models—five utilizing Euclidean space and five leveraging hyperbolic space—on the Spoken Language Understanding Evaluation (SLUE) benchmark dataset. The models were assessed using cross-validation techniques to ensure robustness, and statistical analyses were conducted to validate the findings. Our results indicate that hyperbolic-based multimodal models achieve a 2.32% improvement in accuracy compared to their Euclidean counterparts, while the integration of self-attention mechanisms further contributes an average accuracy gain of 0.96%. Additionally, we observed a 3.76% decline in performance when reducing the training-to-test data ratio from 90:10 to 50:50, highlighting the importance of data distribution in model training. These findings confirm that attention-enhanced multimodal models in hyperbolic space offer superior representations for sentiment analysis. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Attention-enabled Deep learning Euclidean space Hyperbolic space Multimodal Sentiment analysis

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Quantized structuring of transparent films with femtosecond laser interference

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Light(science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 291-297页

作者： Kitty Kumar Kenneth KC Lee Jianzhao Li Jun Nogami Nazir P Kherani Peter R Herman Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada

The confinement of laser interactions inside transparent materials assisted by tight optical focusing and short-pulsed nonlinear interactions has driven many high-resolution patterning and probing applications in science and *** thin transparent films,laser interactions confined to the film/substrate interface have underpinned blistering and ejection processes for nanofluidic channel fabrication,film patterning and cell ***,we harness femtosecond lasers to drive nonlinear interactions within Fabry–Perot interference fringes to define narrow nanolength scale zones for highly resolved internal structuring of a film of refractive index,nfilm,at fringe maxima separated by l/*** novel interaction internally cleaves the film to open subwavelength internal cavities and form thin membranes at single or multiple depths from which follow significant opportunities for writing multilevel nanofluidic channels inside the film,as well as ejecting nanodisks at quantized film depths for coloring and three-dimensional surface patterning that promise new compact types of lab-in-film devices.

关键词： blistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin filmsblistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin films

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Probabilistic genotype-phenotype maps reveal mutational robustness of RNA folding, spin glasses, and quantum circuits

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Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 013118-013118页

作者： Anna Sappington Vaibhav Mohanty Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in the spin-glass ground state search problem, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Bi_2Se_3/C Nanocomposite as a New Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第3期10卷 135-143页

作者： Lixin Xie Ze Yang Jingying Sun Haiqing Zhou Xiaowei Chi Hailong Chen ANDy X.Li Yan Yao Shuo Chen Department of Physics and TcSUH University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston The Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Clements High School

Bi_2Se_3 was studied as a novel sodium-ion battery anode material because of its high theoretical capacity and high intrinsic conductivity. Integrated with carbon,Bi_2Se_3/C composite shows excellent cyclic performance and rate capability. For instance, the Bi_2Se_3/C anode delivers an initial capacity of 527 mAh g^(-10) at 0.1 A g^(-1) and maintains 89% of this capacity over 100 cycles. The phase change and sodium storage mechanism are also carefully investigated.

关键词： Bi2Se3 Sodium-ion battery High-energy ball milling Sodium storage mechanism

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