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Device 2025年

作者： Zhong, Yizhou Zhang, Yongcao Pu, Jing Wustoni, Shofarul Uribe, Johana Lopez-Larrea, Naroa Marks, Adam McCulloch, Iain Mecerreyes, David Baran, Derya Inal, Sahika Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) KAUST Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida Tolosa 72 Guipuzcoa Donostia-San Sebastian 20018 Spain Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TF United Kingdom Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton 08544 NJ United States IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Plaza Euskadi 5 Bilbao 48009 Spain

Hemodynamics, the study of blood flow and circulatory forces, is fundamental for assessing cardiovascular health, disease states, and therapeutic outcomes. Here, we introduce a skin-conformable organic optoelectronic thin-film patch (ePatch) designed to simultaneously capture electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals as a single hybrid signal, named the electrocardio-photoplethysmogram (EC-PPG). The ePatch integrates an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), an organic photodiode, surface-mounted light-emitting diodes, and electrochemical electrodes on a flexible, skin-conforming substrate. By training deep learning models on the hybrid EC-PPG data, we achieved accurate arterial blood pressure estimations, with mean errors of just 1.69 mmHg for systolic and 0.89 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, outperforming traditional predictions that rely on individual physiological signals as inputs. Our findings underscore the potential of EC-PPG as a compound hemodynamic signal for AI-driven vital sign monitoring and integrated, solution-processable soft electronics for clinical and point-of-care applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： DTI-3: Develop electrocardiography electrophysiology flexible electronics OECT OPD organic electrochemical transistor photoplethysmography wearable electronics

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Advantages of two quantum programming platforms in quantum computing and quantum chemistry

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Journal of cheminformatics 2025年第1期17卷 77页

作者： Pei-Hua Wang Wei-Yeh Wu Che-Yu Lee Jia-Cheng Hong Yufeng Jane Tseng Undergraduate Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University No. 200 Zhongbei Road Taoyuan 320314 Taiwan. Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University No. 200 Zhongbei Road Taoyuan 320314 Taiwan. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. yjtseng@csie.ntu.edu.tw. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. yjtseng@csie.ntu.edu.tw. Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. yjtseng@csie.ntu.edu.tw. Center for Quantum Science and Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan. yjtseng@csie.ntu.edu.tw.

Quantum computing is at the forefront of technological advancement and has the potential to revolutionize various fields, including quantum chemistry. Choosing an appropriate quantum programming language becomes critical as quantum education and research increase. In this paper, we comprehensively compare two leading quantum programming languages, Qiskit and PennyLane, focusing on their suitability for teaching and research. We delve into their basic and advanced usage, examine their learning curves, and evaluate their capabilities in quantum computing experiments. We also demonstrate using a quantum programming language to build a half adder and a machine learning model. Our study reveals that each language has distinct advantages. While PennyLane excels in research applications due to its flexibility to adjust parameters in detail and access multiple sources of real quantum devices, Qiskit stands out in education because of its web-based graphical user interface and smaller code size. The codes and the dataset used in the studies are available at https://***/wangpeihua1231/quantum-programming-platform .

关键词： PennyLane Qiskit Quantum chemistry Quantum computing Quantum programming language

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Evaluation of carbon based interconnects for digital signalling in printed flexible electronics on sustainable substrates

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics

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IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics 2025年

作者： Wang, Zixin Saleh, Mahdi Alwattar, Aula Alfredsson, Maria Horne, Robert J. Ang, Chee S. Condell, Joan Flowers, Emily Matcham, Faith Robinson, Tony Rooksby, John Saha, Sian Rose, Louise Batchelor, John C. Casson, Alexander J. Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials Manchester United Kingdom The University of Manchester School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Manchester United Kingdom The University of Manchester School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry Manchester United Kingdom University of Kent School of Chemistry and Forensic Science Canterbury United Kingdom University of Kent School of Engineering Canterbury United Kingdom University of Kent School of Computing Canterbury United Kingdom Ulster University School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Derry United Kingdom King’s College London Division of Digital Health and Applied Technology Assessment London United Kingdom University of Sussex School of Psychology Falmer United Kingdom Northumbria University Department of Computer and Information Sciences Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom

Printed electronics using flexible substrates are an emerging area, allowing next-generation electronics to conform and flex with different surfaces, from human skin to clothing. In the hybrid integration, or sea-of-rigids, approach, conventional microchips are mounted onto (generally) plastic substrates such as polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), with (typically) printed silver tracks for interconnections between components. An ongoing research direction is to replace plastic substrates with biodegradable substrates and to replace silver tracks with non-heavy metal-based tracks. While the substrates and tracks form only part of an overall system, replacing them is a step towards increased sustainability and helps to meet net-zero goals for printed electronic systems. Previously, several papers have investigated printed carbon tracks for low-frequency analog sensing applications. This paper explores the feasibility of using printed carbon tracks on biodegradable substrates for high-frequency applications such as digital signaling over a Serial-Peripheral Interface (SPI). We investigate the printability, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity of carbon ink screen-printed onto six commercially available sustainable and flexible substrates. Our results demonstrate that multi-layer screen printing substantially reduced the electrical resistance of carbon tracks, enabling SPI communication at frequencies up to 16 MHz with three layers of carbon ink. A Natureflex™ substrate provided the best balance of printability, thermal stability, and electrical performance. Substrates such as greaseproof paper and ClearFilm PU showed potential for flexible electronics, but require further optimization. This study provides valuable insights into selecting and optimizing biodegradable substrates for high-frequency digital systems, supporting the move towards more sustainable printed electronics. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Variable frequency oscillators

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Acoustofluidic spin control for 3D particle manipulation in droplets

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science Advances 2025年第20期11卷 eadx0269页

作者： Chen, Chuyi Gu, Yuyang Rufo, Joseph Zhang, Jinxin Yang, Kaichun Chen, Ying Lee, Luke P. Huang, Tony Jun Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Binghamton University Binghamton NY United States Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Bioengineering University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum Biophysics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea

The rotation of objects and corresponding dynamic systems plays a critical role in applications ranging from microscale droplet-based biochemical assays to nanoscale fluid transport and targeted drug delivery. However, directly observing and controlling these rotational phenomena across these different scales remains a challenge. Here, we introduce an acoustofluidic spinning control method that dynamically guides particles into three-dimensional, periodic spatial patterns within a droplet. Using surface acoustic waves, we induce internal streaming that generates centrifugal forces counteracted by surface tension, leading to the formation of rotating Stokes waves along the droplet’s equator. We show that fluid motion inside the droplet couples with these rotating waves, giving rise to a controllable superimposed helical particle orbit. These findings provide a platform for controlled rotational flows with potential applications in droplet-based microfluidics, biochemical processing, and tunable particle transport in lab-on-a-chip systems. Copyright © 2025 The Authors, some rights reserved.

关键词： Rotational flow

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Deterministic printing and heterointegration of single colloidal quantum dot photon sources

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Guymon, Gregory G. Nguyen, Hao A. Sharp, David Nguyen, Tommy Lei, Henry Ginger, David S. Fu, Kai-Mei C. Majumdar, Arka Cossairt, Brandi M. MacKenzie, J. Devin Mechanical Engineering Department University of Washington Seattle98195 United States Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle98195 United States Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle98195 United States Materials Science Department University of Washington Seattle98195 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle98195 United States Physical Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland99352 United States Washington Clean Energy Testbeds University of Washington Seattle98105 United States

Single nanoparticles are essential building blocks for next-generation quantum photonic technologies, however, scalable and deterministic heterointegration strategies have remained largely out of reach. Here, we present a new electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing model that exploits nanoscale dielectrophoretics to precisely print single colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with accuracies allowing for fully-additive nanoscale photonics integration. Using colossal-shelled QDs solubilized in apolar solvents, this method overcomes continuum fluid surface energetics and stochastic limitations, achieving selective extraction and deposition of individual QDs at sub-zeptoliter volumes. Photoluminescence and autocorrelation function (g(2)) measurements confirm nanophotonic cavity-QD integration and the first single-photon emission from printed QDs. This additive, zero-waste nanomanufacturing process offers a scalable, sustainable pathway for heterointegrating nanomaterials down to the single particle level. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrohydrodynamics

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Ultrafast and Directional Magnetization Control via Voltage-Controlled Exchange Coupling

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jia, Qi Chen, Yu-Chia Zhang, Delin Lv, Yang Liang, Shuang Benally, Onri Jay Yang, Yifei Dixit, Brahmdutta Lyu, Deyuan Zink, Brandon Wang, Jian-Ping Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States

Achieving ultrafast and energy-efficient magnetization switching is essential for next-generation spintronic devices. Voltage-driven switching offers a promising alternative to current-based approaches. Although voltage-controlled exchange coupling (VCEC) has been proposed to steer magnetic states, its ultrafast response and role in polarity selection have not been experimentally verified. Here, we demonstrate that VCEC induces a directional exchange field that persists under nanosecond voltage pulses in a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ) with an exchange-coupled free layer. This confirms that VCEC can operate on ultrafast timescales and deterministically select the switching polarity. The reversal is primarily assisted by voltage-induced magnetic anisotropy (VCMA), which transiently lowers the energy barrier. This combination enables magnetization switching within 87.5 ps with 50% switching probability and 100 ps with 94% switching probability, respectively. The observed fast switching is enabled in part by enhanced angular momentum dissipation in the exchange-coupled structure, which increases effective damping and accelerates relaxation. These findings reveal a purely voltage-driven and dynamically viable route for fast, directional control of magnetization—positioning VCEC as a key functional mechanism for future spintronic logic and memory technologies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetization reversal

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3D Printed Biomimetic Composite for Treatment of Osteochondral Defects: A Preliminary Study in Porcine

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Eckstein, Kevin N. Liu, Boyuan Schoonraad, Sarah A. Guastaldi, Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Uzcategui, Camila Muralidharan, Archish McLeod, Robert R. Randolph, Mark A. Bryant, Stephanie J. Ferguson, Viginia L. Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard School of Dental Medicine Harvard Medical School BostonMA02114 United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA02114 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States

Osteochondral defects in diarthrodial joints can occur as a result of trauma. When left untreated, the surrounding tissues experience abnormal mechanical loads that can cause further degeneration. Thus, treatment of osteochondral defects requires the ability to support physiological loads and prevent further degeneration of surrounding tissues. Additive manufacturing techniques, such as bio-ink printing, have been explored to structurally reinforce soft scaffolds;however, these methods struggle to accurately print complex designs with small feature sizes (e.g., on the order of ~100 micrometers). In this study, we present a composite osteochondral scaffold with regional stiffness gradients, optimized to mimic the mechanical properties of articular cartilage and limit high strains in the subchondral bone. This scaffold incorporates a load-bearing structure, with ≥ 180 μm diameter truss elements, that is 3D printed via projection micro-stereolithography with a biomimetic soft hydrogel. We hypothesized that incorporating a reinforcing structure with cartilage and bone regions possessing tissue-specific stiffnesses, compared to a soft gel alone, would reduce degradation of native cartilage tissue adjacent to osteochondral defects and promote multi-tissue integration in porcine knees after six weeks. Histological analysis and microcomputed tomography revealed site-specific changes in the surrounding tissue, notably in the adjacent cartilage. Mechanical evaluation of adjacent native tissue showed that scaffolds with the 3D printed composite structure resulted in 33% less surrounding cartilage degradation compared to gel-only treatments. Within the defect, the soft gel alone limited mineralization, while the composite supported mineralization but only in its stiffer region. These findings suggest that incorporating a 3D printed reinforcing osteochondral mimetic structure protects the adjacent cartilage, enhances tissue integration, and spatially supports mineralization. © 2

关键词： Bone

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A general-purpose machine learning framework for predicting properties of inorganic materials

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npj Computational materials 2016年第1期2卷 70-76页

作者： Logan Ward Ankit Agrawal Alok Choudhary Christopher Wolverton Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA

A very active area of materials research is to devise methods that use machine learning to automatically extract predictive models from existing materials *** prior examples have demonstrated successful models for some applications,many more applications exist where machine learning can make a strong *** enable faster development of machine-learning-based models for such applications,we have created a framework capable of being applied to a broad range of materials *** method works by using a chemically diverse list of attributes,which we demonstrate are suitable for describing a wide variety of properties,and a novel method for partitioning the data set into groups of similar materials to boost the predictive *** this manuscript,we demonstrate how this new method can be used to predict diverse properties of crystalline and amorphous materials,such as band gap energy and glass-forming ability.

关键词： method properties inorganic

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electrical conductivity enhancement in yttrium iron garnet: Effects of Ca substitution and Fe deficiency

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1032卷

作者： Young-Min Kang Thomas Defferriere Hyeon-Su Shin Miela J. Gross Gyu Rac Lee Harry L. Tuller Caroline A. Ross Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea National University of Transportation Chungju 27469 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

This study investigates the electrical conductivity (σ) of cation-substituted YIG in polycrystalline bulk form, optimizing cation substitution and Fe content for enhanced conductivity. Among tested cations (Ba, Sr, Ca, Mn, Zn, Mg, Si, Ti, and Zr), Ca substitution most significantly improved the conductivity. The undoped YIG sample exhibited a σ of approximately 4 × 10 −10 S/cm, whereas Ca-YIG (Y 2.7 Ca 0.3 Fe 5 O 12- δ ) showed a σ of around 10⁻⁴ S/cm, representing a six-order increase in conductivity. Fe-deficient YIG (Y 3 Fe 5- y O 12- δ , y  = 0.3) formed a secondary YFeO 3 phase but showed a three-order increase in σ. Notably, Fe-deficient Ca-YIG (Y 2.7 Ca 0.3 Fe 5- y O 12- δ , y  = 0.3) achieved 5 times higher conductivity than Ca-YIG ( y  = 0) without secondary phase formation. Considering charge balance and applying molecular field coefficient modeling to fit the magnetization vs. temperature data, we suggest that Ca substitution promotes Fe 4+ formation at d sites which facilitates p-type conduction, while Fe deficiency induces Fe vacancies at a sites, further increasing the Fe 4+ concentration. High-temperature conductivity measurements revealed thermally activated conduction, with Ca-YIG samples exhibiting a lower activation energy (~0.33 eV) compared to undoped YIG (~0.93 eV), suggesting a transition to delocalized transport. Impedance spectroscopy confirmed bulk-dominated conduction in Ca-YIG ( y  = 0.3), with reduced hole mobility at elevated temperatures due to charged Fe ion scattering.

关键词： Proton conductivity

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Giant coercivity and enhanced intrinsic anomalous Hall effect at vanishing magnetization in a compensated kagome ferrimagnet

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： DeStefano, Jonathan M. Rosenberg, Elliott Ren, Guodong Lee, Yongbin Ning, Zhenhua Peek, Olivia Harrison, Kamal Khondaker, Saiful I. Ke, Liqin Mazin, Igor I. Idrobo, Juan Carlos Chu, Jiun-Haw Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98112 United States Materials Sciences & Engineering Department University of Washington SeattleWA98115 United States Ames Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy AmesIA50011 United States Department of Physics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32816 United States NanoScience Technology Center University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy and Quantum Science and Engineering Center George Mason University FairfaxVA22030 United States Materials Sciences and Engineering Department University of Washington SeattleWA98115 United States Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States

Ferrimagnets that can be driven to magnetic compensation show promise for use in spintronics as they exhibit a finite anomalous Hall effect at zero magnetic field without having a significant magnetic moment. Compensated ferrimagnet spintronic devices with both a large anomalous Hall effect and a high coercivity would be simultaneously easy to read and difficult to erase. The kagome ferrimagnet TbMn6Sn6 has been reported to host a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect. Here, we demonstrate that doping the Mn sites with Cr drives the system towards magnetic compensation. For nearly compensated compositions at low temperatures, giant coercive fields exceeding 14 T are observed. Additionally, Cr doping significantly enhances the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect, which can be attributed to a shift in the Fermi level. Our results extend the range of unique magnetic states observed in kagome materials, demonstrating that chemical doping is an effective strategy to tune and realize these states. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Coercive force

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