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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Suman Devkota Brendan M Kuzior Victor G. Karpov Daniel G. Georgiev Frank Li Vamsi Borra Electrical and Computer Engineering program Youngstown State University Youngstown OH OH USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science respectively University of Toledo Toledo OH USA

This paper details a process used to create an interconnect in a conducting systems, such as amorphous or polycrystalline semiconductors. An experimental verification on the plasticity that supports the percolation conduction mechanism is provided. The plasticity observed in the sample could be harnessed in the development of new electronic devices that require flexibility and adaptability, such as wearable electronics and bendable screens. Overall, TEM characterization, in combination with SAED analysis, revealed a highly oriented crystalline structure in the sample. In addition, the results of this study have implications for the design of new memory devices that are based on a percolation conduction mechanism, which could potentially lead to the development of more efficient and reliable non-volatile storage technologies.

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Improving PEM Hydrogen Electrolyser Efficiency using AC Excitation

Improving PEM Hydrogen Electrolyser Efficiency using AC Exci...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Thea Larsen Seho Kim John Kennedy Jingjing Liu Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Earth Resources and Materials Geological and Nuclear Science Wellington New Zealand Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

Hydrogen is a potential clean energy source that minimises environmental impacts but is currently economically prohibitive due to the low energy conversion efficiency. In order to improve the economic viability, this paper investigates improving the efficiency of hydrogen electrolysis. The prototype power electronics presented in this paper provide low-frequency AC or pulsed current to a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser to improve the operational efficiency up to 4.2% in contrast to the typical constant current or voltage excitation.

关键词： Green energy Protons Electric potential Buck converters Power supplies Hydrogen Prototypes Voltage Energy conversion Electrochemical processes

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GaN Tunnel Junctions Using Semibulk Templates and Co-Doping with Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth

GaN Tunnel Junctions Using Semibulk Templates and Co-Doping ...

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IEEE Conference Photovoltaic Specialists (PVSC)

作者： Brandon Hagar Evyn Routh Mostafa Abdelhamid Peter Colter Salah Bedair Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665464260

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475822

We present Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) grown III-Nitride tunneling junctions (TJs) based on 2 significant technologies: 1) Strained Semibulk (SSB) templates improving material quality and 2) Co-Doping of n-type material. The additional use of a high indium content well at the TJ interface displayed improved results. These results are of interest to multijunction solar cell technology (MJSC) which requires an ohmic forward bias when utilizing TJ connected layers. GaN/InGaN structures grown on a previously published SSB layer have produced several very interesting results. Improved material quality in InGaN SSB structures were achieved using high temperature inter-layers to reduce defect density and lattice strain which concurrently reduced piezoelectric effects, causing a red shift in emission as compared to similar structures without an SSB layer. Co-doping of GaN/InGaN materials is particularly significant due to the large difference in activation energy between GaN n and p-type dopants, Si and Mg respectively. Co-doping is utilized to minimize common Mg p-type issues of diffusion and delay in GaN based structures when using MOCVD growth. Finally, device characterization results are presented which show several key improvements: 1) longer wavelength emission from InGaN material when using the same In composition 2) Forward bias ohmic resistance TJs previously only achievable using growth such as MBE, and 3) the surprising appearance of negative differential resistance (NDR) also previously published using MBE rather than MOCVD.

关键词： Resistance Photovoltaic systems Photovoltaic cells Piezoelectric effect Tunneling Amplitude modulation Silicon MOCVD Junctions Strain

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Operando FTIR study on water additive in lithium-sulfur batteries to mitigate shuttle effect

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第11期98卷 702-713页

作者： Érick A.Santos Martim C.Policano Manuel J.Pinzón Isabela Galantini Vanessa A.Goncalves Francisco C.B.Maia Lucyano J.A.Macedo Gustavo Doubek Renato G.Freitas Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 400CampinasSP 13083-852Brazil Catalytic Processes and Materials Group Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Science and TechnologyMESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwentePO Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies(CIC EnergiGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Vitoria-Gasteiz 01510Spain Institute of Physics&Institute of Chemistry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato GrossoCuiabá78060-900MTBrazil Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and MaterialsCampinas 13083-970SPBrazil Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 500Campinas 13083-852SPBrazil

Additives in the electrolytes of Li-S batteries aim to increase overall capacity,improve Li ion conductivity,enhance cyclability,and mitigate the shuttle effect,which is one of the major issues of this ***,the use of water as an additive in the commonly used electrolyte,1.0 M LiTFSI/1.0%(w/w) LiNO_(3) and a 1:1 mixture of 1,3-dioxolane(DOL) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME) was *** used Co_(2)Mn_(0.5)Al_(0.5)O_(4)(CMA) as an electrocatalyst anchored on an activated carbon(AC) electrode with added sulfur via a melt-diffusion *** structural analysis of CMA via Rietveld refinement showed interatomic spaces that can promote ionic conductivity,facilitating Li^(+) ion *** tests determined 1600 ppm as the optimal water concentration,significantly reducing the shuttle ***-mortem XPS analysis focused on the lithium metal anode revealed the formation of Li_(2)O layers in dry samples and LiOH in wet *** capacity was observed in wet samples,which can be attributed to the superior ionic conductivity of LiOH at the electrode/electrolyte interface,surpassing that of Li_(2)O by 12 ***,Operando FTIR experiments provided real-time insights into electrolyte degradation and SEI formation,elucidating the activity mechanisms of water and Li_(2)CO_(3) over the *** work presents results that could aid future advancements in Li-S battery technology,offering possibilities to mitigate its challenges with inexpensive and scalable additives.

关键词： Diffusion Li-S Ionic conductivity Operando FTIR

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Advancing Semiconductor Manufacturing through DNA- Templated Lithography and Molecular-Scale Patterning of 2D materials

Advancing Semiconductor Manufacturing through DNA- Templated...

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IEEE Workshop on Microelectronics and Electron Devices, WMED

作者： Anumita Kumari Michael Curtis Arpan De Haitao Liu David Estrada M.P. Anantram Department of chemistry Univeristy of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering Boise State University Boise USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350395945

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395952

This paper explores the potential of using DNA nanostructure to pattern molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) for potential applications in nanoelectronics. We developed a gas phase synthesis of MoS 2 with minimal out-of-plane growth and low defect density. We used density functional theory (DFT) calculation to examine the bandgap modulation of MoS 2 due to counterion diffusion from DNA, highlighting the electron transfer mechanism during lithium intercalation. Lastly, we demonstrate deposition of DNA triangles and nanotubes on various MoS 2 surfaces. Contrary to previous results, we found that these DNA nanostructures maintained their structural stability. These findings collectively contribute valuable insights into using DNA nanotechnology to advance 2D electronics.

关键词： Photonic band gap DNA Modulation Nanotubes Semiconductor device manufacture Structural engineering Sulfur

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Spatiotemporal Stacked Autoencoder based Soft Sensor Modeling for the Dow Data Challenge Problem

Spatiotemporal Stacked Autoencoder based Soft Sensor Modelin...

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Smart World Congress (SWC), IEEE

作者： Xiuli Zhu Seshu Kumar Damarla Biao Huang Department of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Alberta Canada

Process data with characteristics such as strong nonlinearity, high dimensionality, cross-correlations and auto correlations pose a great challenge for data-driven soft sensor modeling. Albeit the conventional stacked Autoencoder (SAE) is able to learn low dimensional nonlinear features from the process data, it fails to extract spatial and temporal features. To overcome this shortcoming, in the present work, spatiotemporal SAE (STSAE) is proposed based on convolutional and LSTM layers. Lower dimensional nonlinear features (spatial and temporal) extracted from STSAE are used to build the soft sensor. The effectiveness of the STSAE-based soft sensor is demonstrated in an industrial case study, the Dow data challenge problem. For the purpose of comparison, soft sensor models based on popular machine learning algorithms are developed and applied to the industrial case study. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed STSAE based soft sensor yields more accurate estimations for impurity level at the primary column outlet of Dow process refining system.

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Thermal stability and phase transformation of α-, κ(Ε)-, and γ-Ga2O3 thin films to β-Ga2O3 under various ambient conditions

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Jingyu Jiang, Kunyao Tseng, Po-Sen Kurchin, Rachel C. Porter, Lisa M. Davis, Robert F. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

Phase transitions in metastable α-, κ(Ε)-, and γ-Ga2O3 films to thermodynamically stable β-Ga2O3 during annealing in air, N2, and vacuum have been systematically investigated via in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These respective polymorphs exhibited thermal stability to ~471-525℃, ~773-825℃, and ~490-575℃ before transforming into β-Ga2O3, across all tested ambient conditions. Particular crystallographic orientation relationships were observed before and after the phase transitions, i.e. (0006) α-Ga2O3 → (4̅02) β-Ga2O3, (004) κ(Ε)-Ga2O3 → (310) and (4̅02) β-Ga2O3, and (400) γ-Ga2O3 → (400) βGa2O3. The phase transition of α-Ga2O3 to β-Ga2O3 resulted in catastrophic damage to the film and upheaval of the surface. The respective primary and possibly secondary causes of this damage are the +8.6% volume expansion and the dual displacive and reconstructive transformations that occur during this transition. The κ(Ε)- and γ-Ga2O3 films converted to β-Ga2O3 via singular reconstructive transformations with small changes in volume and unchanged surface microstructures. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gallium compounds

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Towards the Improvement of the Cognitive Process of the Synthesized Speech of Mathematical Expression in MathML: An Eye-Tracking 2

Towards the Improvement of the Cognitive Process of the Synt...

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2nd International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies, IMET 2022

作者： Souza, Adriana Freitas, Diamantino Bahia Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Bahia Brazil Doctoral Program in Digital Media Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Speech Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Porto Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781665470162

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470162

Being one essential part of the solutions we are developing to provide accessibility for blind persons, synthesized speech of mathematical content, although having evolved in naturalness in recent years, still keeps a characteristic of generating very long outputs, which makes it difficult for a person who uses a screen reader to memorize. Eye-gaze tracking has been useful for studying cognitive processes and student's effort in performing tasks therefore it seems attractive as a means to understand how people analyze, process, and break down extensive math expressions into smaller ones. This understanding can help to build a similar model of auditory rendering of MathML capable of avoiding cognitive overload. Therefore, we carried out an experiment to do a gaze-based analysis of reading and memorizing mathematical expressions. Our sample consisted of fourteen participants, and seven mathematical expressions were used in the experiment. The results showed that the computed complexity of the expressions and the average duration of eye-gaze fixations have a strong and significant relationship. Therefore, we conclude that the complexity variable must always be considered in the speech synthesis process of mathematical expressions. However, when considering why participants requested the repetition of an expression with not larger complexity during the memorization process, a tentative interpretation based on the number of MathML tree nodes and the computed complexity of the expressions was not enough to explain it, indicating that other factors need to be investigated. Although some answers to the research questions were not yet conclusive, we consider this research relevant because it points to directions for the work in order to minimize the cognitive processing and mental load of the synthesized speech rendering of mathematical expressions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Eye tracking

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N-polar InGaN nanowires: breaking the efficiency bottleneck of nano and micro LEDs

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 587-593页

作者： Xianhe Liu Yi Sun Yakshita Malhotra Ayush Pandey Ping Wang Yuanpeng Wu Kai Sun Zetian Mi Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityGuangzhou 510555China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA

The efficiency of conventional quantum well light-emitting diodes(LEDs) decreases drastically with reducing areal size. Here we show that such a critical size scaling issue of LEDs can be addressed by utilizing N-polar In Ga N nanowires. We studied the epitaxy and performance characteristics of N-polar In Ga N nanowire LEDs grown on sapphire substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. A maximum external quantum efficiency-11% was measured for LEDs with lateral dimensions as small as 750 nm directly on wafer without any packaging. The effect of electron overflow and Auger recombination on the device performance is also studied. This work provides a viable approach for achieving high-efficiency nano and micro LEDs that were not previously possible.

关键词： sapphire nanowires polar

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Improving Constant Power Flux Weakening in MnBi Interior Permanent Magnet Traction Motors

Improving Constant Power Flux Weakening in MnBi Interior Per...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Ryan Brody Paul Ohodnicki Mohendro K. Ghosh Brandon Grainger Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) using Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets (PMs) dominate in applications, like in electric vehicles (EVs), which require high torque density, high power density, and high efficiency while maintaining reasonable cost and manufacturability. However, extraordinary price volatility of rare-earth (RE) elements in NdFeB PMs has led to an effort to develop low cost, RE-free PMs that outperform ferrites (the best existing alternative). Because of its high coercivity (Hc) at high temperatures and relatively low cost with reduced price volatility, manganese bismuth (MnBi) based PMs have attracted attention despite a remanent flux density (B r ) closer to those of ferrites. Lower Br reduces short circuit current thus reducing constant power speed ratio (CPSR) when directly replacing NdFeB in reference designs with MnBi. This paper reviews why CPSR lowers when doing so but then shows that redesigning the rotor using a segmented PM-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMASynRM) topology with MnBi can improve CPSR.

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