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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cui, Bohan Yu, Xinyi Giua, Alessandro Yin, Xiang Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Cagliari Cagliari09123 Italy

In this paper, we investigate the control synthesis problem for Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications in the presence of uncontrollable agents. Existing works mainly address this problem in a robust control setting by assuming the uncontrollable agents are adversarial and accounting for the worst-case scenario. While this approach ensures safety, it can be overly conservative in scenarios where uncontrollable agents have their own objectives that are not entirely opposed to the system’s goals. Motivated by this limitation, we propose a new framework for STL control synthesis within the Stackelberg game setting. Specifically, we assume that the system controller, acting as the leader, first commits to a plan, after which the uncontrollable agents, acting as followers, take a best response based on the committed plan and their own objectives. Our goal is to synthesize a control sequence for the leader such that, for any rational followers producing a best response, the leader’s STL task is guaranteed to be satisfied. We present an effective solution to this problem by transforming it into a single-stage optimization problem and leveraging counterexample guided synthesis techniques. We demonstrate that the proposed approach is sound and identify conditions under which it is optimal. Simulation results are also provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Control system synthesis

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Channel Cycle Time: A New Measure of Short-Term Fairness

Channel Cycle Time: A New Measure of Short-Term Fairness

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Pengfei Shen Yulin Shao Haoyuan Pan Lu Lu Yonina C. Eldar Key Laboratory of Space Utilization Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization CAS Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau Macau S.A.R Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau Macau S.A.R. College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

This paper puts forth a new metric, dubbed channel cycle time (CCT), to measure the short-term fairness of Communication networks. CCT characterizes the average duration between two consecutive successful transmissions of a user, during which all other users successfully accessed the channel at least once. In contrast to existing short-term fairness measures, CCT provides more comprehensive insight into the transient dynamics of communication networks, with a particular focus on users' delays and jitter. To validate the efficacy of our approach, we analytically characterize the CCTs for two classical commu-nication protocols: slotted Aloha and CSMA/CA. The analysis demonstrates that CSMA/CA exhibits superior short-term fairness over slotted Aloha. Beyond its role as a measurement metric, CCT has broader implications as a guiding principle for the design of future communication networks by emphasizing factors like fairness, delay, and jitter in short-term behaviors.

关键词： Jitter Media Access Protocol Time measurement Real-time systems Heterogeneous networks Delays Communication networks

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High-Efficiency, Low-Loss Floquet-Mode Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifier

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Jennifer Peng, Kaidong Knecht, Jeffrey M. Cunningham, Gregory D. Lombo, Andres E. Yen, Alec Zaidenberg, Daniela A. Gingras, Michael Niedzielski, Bethany M. Stickler, Hannah Sliwa, Katrina Serniak, Kyle Schwartz, Mollie E. Oliver, William D. O’Brien, Kevin P. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02421 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Advancing fault-tolerant quantum computing and fundamental science necessitates quantum-limited amplifiers with near-ideal quantum efficiency and multiplexing capability. However, existing solutions typically achieve one at the expense of the other. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the first Floquet-mode traveling-wave parametric amplifier (Floquet TWPA), which achieves nearly quantum-limited noise performance, minimal dissipation, and broadband operation, breaking the presumption that broadband amplifiers introduce higher noise. We achieve a system measurement efficiency of 65.1 ± 5.8% when measuring a superconducting qubit, which to our knowledge is the highest-reported in a superconducting qubit readout experiment utilizing phase-preserving amplifiers. Our device exhibits > 20-dB amplification over a 3-GHz instantaneous bandwidth, Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Cross-Modal Few-Shot Learning with Second-Order Neural Ordinary Differential Equations 39

Cross-Modal Few-Shot Learning with Second-Order Neural Ordin...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Zhang, Yi Cheng, Chun-Wun He, Junyi He, Zhihai Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane Chen, Yuyan Aviles-Rivero, Angelica I. Harbin Institute of Technology China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology China Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge United Kingdom Pengcheng Laboratory China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China Yau Mathematical Sciences Center Tsinghua University China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

We introduce SONO, a novel method leveraging Second-Order Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Second-Order NODEs) to enhance cross-modal few-shot learning. By employing a simple yet effective architecture consisting of a Second-Order NODEs model paired with a cross-modal classifier, SONO addresses the significant challenge of overfitting, which is common in few-shot scenarios due to limited training examples. Our second-order approach can approximate a broader class of functions, enhancing the model's expressive power and feature generalization capabilities. We initialize our cross-modal classifier with text embeddings derived from class-relevant prompts, streamlining training efficiency by avoiding the need for frequent text encoder processing. Additionally, we utilize text-based image augmentation, exploiting CLIP's robust image-text correlation to enrich training data significantly. Extensive experiments across multiple datasets demonstrate that SONO outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in few-shot learning performance. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential equations

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2D multiple waves scattering for active detection of a dummy human body in a low frequency range and for various boundary conditions 12

2D multiple waves scattering for active detection of a dummy...

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12th International Conference on Mathematical Modeling in Physical Sciences, IC-MSQUARE 2023

作者： Bibcu, Dorin Florescu Culea, Anisia Moldovanu, Simona Moraru, Luminita The Modelling & Simulation Laboratory University "Dunǎrea de Jos" of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania University "Dunǎrea de Jos" of Galati Business Administration Department 59-61 N. Balcescu St. Galati800001 Romania Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics Galati University "Dunǎrea de Jos" of Galati 47 Domneasca Str. Galati800008 Romania Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics University 'Dunǎrea de Jos' of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania Department of Chemistry Physics & Environment Faculty of Sciences and Environment University "Dunǎrea de Jos" of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania

This paper investigates the results of simulations devoted to the acoustic field variation caused by different boundary conditions applied to the backscattering of the acoustic wave in both low and moderately low frequency ranges. The goal is to analyse the object behaviour and the detection ability of the 2D acoustic field approximations when the simulation data of the scattered sound field is available. The plane waves are backscattered by a dummy human body, positioned in a cabin which has a defined size. The dummy human body is created by using clusters of finite and disjointed but tangent circular cylinders. Each cylinder is a scatterer that emulates various boundary conditions i.e., the scatterers can be sound-soft (Dirichlet boundary condition) and sound-hard scatterers (Neumann boundary condition). The cylinders are filled with biological tissue (i.e., fat). The exterior scattering problem is solved using the preconditioned Krylov subspace iterative solvers (GMRES), as a computationally cheaper alternative. We use the hypothesis that the mass density of the obstacle and wave speed in the obstacle are both constant. During the simulation experiments, we neglected the interactions among scatterers. A frequency range from 100 Hz to 1000 Hz is analysed. Both the Sound Pressure Level (SPL) and Radar Cross Section (RCS) are used to analyse the numerical simulation of the sound field. © 2024 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic fields

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Autonomous nanorobots with powerful thrust under dry solid-contact conditions by photothermal shock

Research Square

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Research Square 2023年

作者： Gu, Zhaoqi Zhu, Runlin Shen, Tianci Dou, Lin Liu, Hongjiang Liu, Yifei Liu, Xu Liu, Jia Zhuang, Songlin Gu, Fuxing Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin300130 China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States

Nanorobotic motion on solid substrates is greatly hindered by strong nanofriction, and powerful nanomotors‒the core components for nanorobotic motion‒are still lacking. Optical actuation addresses power and motion control issues simultaneously, while conventional technologies with small thrust usually apply to fluid environments. Here, we demonstrate micronewton-thrust nanomotors that enable the autonomous nanorobots working like conventional robots with precise motion control on dry surfaces by a photothermal-shock technique. We build a pulsed laser-based actuation and trapping platform, termed photothermal-shock tweezers, for general motion control of metallic nanomaterials and assembled nanorobots with nanoscale precision. The thrust-to-weight ratios up to 107 enable nanomotors output forces to interact with external micro/nano-objects. Leveraging machine vision and deep learning technologies, we assemble the nanomotors into autonomous nanorobots with complex structures, and demonstrate multi-degree-of-freedom motion and sophisticated functions. Our photothermal shock-actuation concept fundamentally addresses the nanotribology challenges and expands the nanorobotic horizon from fluids to dry solid surfaces. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Nanorobotics

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On the Sum Rate and User Fairness of STAR-RIS Aided Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Haochen Mu, Xidong Liu, Yuanwei Chen, Yue Zhiwen, Pan National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University China Centre for Wireless Innovation Queen’s University Belfast United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom

A simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) aided communication system is investigated. A robust joint beamforming design problem under the imperfect channel state information (CSI) is formulated to maximize the weighted sum of the Jain’s fairness index and the normalized system sum rate. To solve this non-convex problem, an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is proposed, which leverages the S-Procedure, successive convex approximation (SCA), and semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Simulation results demonstrate that with proposed algorithm: 1) various trade-offs between sum rate and user fairness can be achieved;2) a larger trade-off region can be achieved by adopting STAR-RIS compared to conventional RIS;and 3) the performance degradation caused by imperfect CSI is less than 7% with our proposed robust beamforming approach. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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Wi-Wheat+: Contact-free wheat moisture sensing with commodity WiFi based on entropy

Wi-Wheat+: Contact-free wheat moisture sensing with commodit...

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作者： Yang, Weidong Shen, Erbo Wang, Xuyu Mao, Shiwen Gong, Yuehong Hu, Pengming College of Information Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou450001 China Henan Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control Zhengzhou450001 China College of International Education Kaifeng University Henan Kaifeng475004 China Knight Foundation School of Computing & Information Sciences Florida International University MiamiFL33199 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States

In this paper, we propose a contact-free wheat moisture monitoring system, termed Wi-Wheat+, to address the several limitations of the existing grain moisture detection technologies, such as time-consuming process, expensive equipment, low accuracy, and difficulty in real-time monitoring. The proposed system is based on Commodity WiFi and is easy to deploy. Leveraging WiFi CSI data, this paper proposes a feature extraction method based on multi-scale and multi-channel entropy. The feasibility and stability of the system are validated through experiments in both Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios, where ten types of wheat moisture content are tested using multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM). Compared with the Wi-Wheat system proposed in our prior work, Wi-Wheat+ has higher efficiency, requiring only a simple training process, and can sense more wheat moisture content levels. © 2022 Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications

关键词： Channel state information (CSI) Multi-class support vector machine (SVM) Multi-scale entropy Radio frequency (RF) sensing WiFi

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AC Breakdown Performance of A12O3 and SiC Natural Ester Based Nanofluids

AC Breakdown Performance of A12O3 and SiC Natural Ester Base...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and electrical engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, EEEIC / I and CPS Europe 2020

作者： Koutras, Konstantinos Pyrgioti, Eleftheria Naxakis, Ioannis Charalampakos, Vassilios Peppas, Georgios High Voltage Laboratory University of Patras Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781728174532

In this paper, dielectric Al2O3and semi conductive SiC nanoparticles were added to a certain volume of natural ester oil. The two types of nanoparticles were dispersed into the base oil in the same weight % ratio (0.004% w/w) with the assistance of ultrasonication and magnetic stirring. AC breakdown voltage of the nano-oil samples was measured according to IEC 60156 standard using a Baur DTA 100C, while Normal and Weibull distributions were used to calculate the breakdown probability for the samples in question in comparison to the corresponding ones of the base oil. The results prove the effect of the integration of these specific types of nanoparticles in the same concentrations in terms of AC breakdown voltage in order to draw a conclusion on the reliability of them as an alternative insulating medium of a power transformer. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electric breakdown

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Semantic Communication for Cooperative Perception based on Importance Map

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sheng, Yucheng Ye, Hao Liang, Le Jin, Shi Li, Geoffrey Ye National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211100 China ITPLab The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom

Cooperative perception, which has a broader perception field than single-vehicle perception, has played an increasingly important role in autonomous driving to conduct 3D object detection. Through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technology, various connected automated vehicles (CAVs) can share their sensory information (LiDAR point clouds) for cooperative perception. We employ an importance map to extract significant semantic information and propose a novel cooperative perception semantic communication scheme with intermediate fusion. Meanwhile, our proposed architecture can be extended to the challenging time-varying multipath fading channel. To alleviate the distortion caused by the time-varying multipath fading, we adopt explicit orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) blocks combined with channel estimation and channel equalization. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms the traditional separate source-channel coding over various channel models. Moreover, a robustness study indicates that only part of semantic information is key to cooperative perception. Although our proposed model has only been trained over one specific channel, it has the ability to learn robust coded representations of semantic information that remain resilient to various channel models, demonstrating its generality and robustness. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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