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10th International Conference on Modern Power Systems, MPS 2023

作者： Polycarpou, Alexis Komodromos, Michael Kalli, Kyriacos Argyrou, Maria C. Ioannou, Andreas Computer Engineering and Informatics Frederick University Frederick Research Center Deparment of Electrical Nicosia Cyprus Cyprus University of Technology PhOSLab Department of Electrical Engineering/Computer Engineering and Informatics Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326826

Reliability, efficiency and continuity of power energy supplied is an area which receives increasing attention as the main infrastructure of power transmission and distribution systems in many countries is ageing. Hot spot related cable failures and power interruptions have a big financial impact on the power provider. The operational parameters of a method to identify in real time hot spots on cables is investigated in this paper, which can result to timely fault prevention. This can be achieved through exploiting the optical sensing capabilities of the existing optical fibre on-grid network. The resulting parameters aim to be advantageous for the system as they increase accuracy and will enable the Remote, automated, continuous, and real time monitoring of the grid infrastructure integrity. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cables

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Using Interim Recommitment to Reduce the Operational-cost Impacts of Wind Uncertainty

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第4期10卷 839-849页

作者： Mahan A.Mansouri Ramteen Sioshansi Department of Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Integrated Systems Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineeringand Center for Automotive ResearchThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Using wind-availability forecasts in day-ahead unit commitment can require expensive real-time operational *** examine the benefit of conducting interim recommitment between day-ahead unit commitment and real-time *** a simple stylized example and a case study that is based on ISO New England,we compare system-operation costs with and without interim *** find an important tradeoff—later recommitment provides better wind-availability forecasts,but the system has less flexibility due to operating *** the time windows that we examine,hour-20 recommitment provides the greatest operational-cost reduction.

关键词： Power-system operation power-system economics unit commitment economic dispatch wind generation.

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Design of high-efficiency and large-angle homo-metagratings for light source integration

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Optics Express 2023年第15期31卷 24404-24411页

作者： Tsai, Wei-Cheng Hong, Yu-Heng Kuo, Hao-Chung Huang, Yao-Wei Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan

Meta-optics integrated with light sources has gained significant attention. However, most focused on the efficiency of metasurfaces themselves, rather than the efficiency of integration. To design highly efficient beam deflection, we develop a scheme of homo-metagrating, involving the same material for meta-atoms, substrate, and top layer of the laser, to achieve near-unity power from light-emitting to metasurfaces. We utilize three degrees of freedom: overall add-on phase, parameters of meta-atoms in a period, and lattice arrangement. The overall efficiency of homo-metagratings is higher than that of hetero-metagratings. We believe our approach is capable of being implemented in various ultracompact optic systems. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Efficiency

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Learning Compositional, Time-Varying Neural Barrier Contracts 27

Learning Compositional, Time-Varying Neural Barrier Contract...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Low, Matthew Wang, Timothy E. Nuzzo, Pierluigi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States RTX Technology Research Center BerkeleyCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Certificate functions can be used to efficiently capture and prove various properties of a system or controller. Control barrier functions (CBFs) are certificate functions that define a region of forward-invariance, which makes them a natural choice to enforce a notion of "safety" for a system. However, synthesizing CBFs, especially in the case of complex systems with learning-enabled components, remains a challenge. Recent work achieves promising results by leveraging neural networks as function approximators to learn CBFs. However, a single CBF may not exist or be difficult to obtain for complex hybrid systems. To overcome this difficulty, this paper presents a framework to simultaneously learn simpler, time-varying control barrier functions (TV-CBFs) that are composable. We embed these neural certificates in a compositional framework based on assume-guarantee contracts. The resulting neural barrier contracts can then be combined by leveraging the rigorous contract algebra. Learning multiple, composable CBFs empowers the verification process (1) by simplifying the verification of complex systems via decomposition and (2) by broadening the expressivity in capturing complex systems and controllers. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach on the verification of an aircraft's automatic landing system and a quadrotor navigating an indoor environment. © 2024 The Authors.

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Hardware and Machine Learning Optimization of Diamond Quantum Sensors

Hardware and Machine Learning Optimization of Diamond Quantu...

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Quantum 2.0, QUANTUM 2024 in Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

作者： Milas, P. Mahtab, S.S. Sujeta, T. Spencer, M.G. Ozturk, B. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Morgan State University United States Center for Research and Education in Microelectronics Morgan State University BaltimoreMD21251 United States Department of Physics Morgan State University BaltimoreMD21251 United States

Quantum sensing with nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center defects in diamond was optimized with hardware and machine learning approaches, which led to the development of small footprint quantum sensor devices. © 20... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557525185

关键词： Nanocrystals

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Giant phonon-skyrmion coupling in ferromagnet/heavy metal heterostructures

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Physical Review B 2024年第6期110卷 064423-064423页

作者： Egor Savostin Vitaliy Lomakin Program in Materials Science and Engineering Center for Memory and Recording Research Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

The strong impact of the strain-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (SIDMI) on the magnetization dynamics of skyrmions in nanomagnetic structures is demonstrated. The effects of SIDMI are characterized by skyrmion equations (SEs) of motion and magnetoelastic (ME) equations. The study is performed on a model system of MgO/CoFe/Pt stacked on a piezoelectric substrate. The results demonstrate a major nonlinear amplification in both the first- and higher-harmonic magnitudes of the skyrmion breathing mode due to SIDMI. Remarkably, this enhancement can trigger a skyrmion collapse, enabling its deletion with ultraweak strain-induced excitations. The SIDMI effect is shown to be much more significant than the conventional ME effect. These findings open different avenues for the efficient manipulation of nanomagnetic structures through strain.

关键词： Exchange interaction Magnetic interactions Magnetization dynamics Magnetoacoustic effect Micromagnetism Spin dynamics

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Enhanced memory window and efficient resistive switching in stabilized BaTiO3-based RRAM through incorporation of Al2O3 interlayer

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第10期213卷 125-134页

作者： Akendra Singh Chabungbam Minjae Kim Atul Thakre Dong-eun Kim Hyung-Ho Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Centre of Functional Materials Vellore Institute of TechnologyTamil Nadu 632014India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Aerogel Materials Research Center Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea

As artificial intelligence and big data become increasingly prevalent,resistive random-access memory(RRAM)has become one of the most promising alternatives for storing massive amounts of *** this study,we employed high-quality crystalline TiN/Al2O3/BaTiO3/Pt RRAM with an optimized thin Al2O3 in-terlayer around 12 nm thick prepared using atomic layer deposition since the thickness of the inter-layer affects the memory window *** insertion of the Al2O3 interlayer,the novel RRAM exhibited outstanding uniform resistive switching voltage and the ON/OFF memory window drastically increased from 10 to 103 without any discernible decline in ***,the low-resistance state and high-resistance state operating current values decreased by almost one order and three orders of magni-tude,respectively,thereby decreasing the power consumption for the RESET and SET processes by more than three and almost one order of magnitude,*** device also exhibits multilevel resistive switching behavior when varying the applied ***,we also developed a 6 × 6 crossbar array which demonstrated consistent and reliable resistive switching behavior with minimal ***,our approach holds great promise for producing state-of-the-art non-volatile resistive switching devices.

关键词： Resistive random-access memory Resistive switching Atomic layer deposition Al2O3 interlayer

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Energy-Efficient Fast Object Detection on Edge Devices for IoT Systems

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16681-16694页

作者： Nurul Achmadiah, Mas Ahamad, Afaroj Sun, Chi-Chia Kuo, Wen-Kai National Formosa University SMIM Research Center Department of Electro-Optics Huwei632 Taiwan Yuan Ze University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Taoyuan320 Taiwan National Taipei University Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei237303 Taiwan National Formosa University Department of Electro-Optics Huwei632 Taiwan

This article presents an Internet of Things (IoT) application that utilizes an AI classifier for fast-object detection using the frame difference method. This method, with its shorter duration, is the most efficient and suitable for fast-object detection in IoT systems, which require energy-efficient applications compared to end-to-end methods. We have implemented this technique on three edge devices: 1) AMD AlveoTMU50;2) Jetson Orin Nano;and 3) Hailo- 8TM AI Accelerator, and four models with artificial neural networks and transformer models. We examined various classes, including birds, cars, trains, and airplanes. Using the frame difference method, the MobileNet model consistently has high accuracy, low latency, and is highly energy-efficient. YOLOX consistently shows the lowest accuracy, lowest latency, and lowest efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has improved the average accuracy gain by 28.314%, the average efficiency gain by 3.6 times, and the average latency reduction by 39.305% compared to the end-to-end method. Of all these classes, the faster objects are trains and airplanes. Experiments show that the accuracy percentage for trains and airplanes is lower than other categories. So, in tasks that require fast detection and accurate results, end-to-end methods can be a disaster because they cannot handle fast object detection. To improve computational efficiency, we designed our proposed method as a lightweight detection algorithm. It is well suited for applications in IoT systems, especially those that require fast-moving object detection and higher accuracy. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Rare Event Detection in Imbalanced Multi-Class Datasets Using an Optimal MIP-Based Ensemble Weighting Approach 39

Rare Event Detection in Imbalanced Multi-Class Datasets Usin...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Tertytchny, Georgios Stavrinides, Georgios L. Michael, Maria K. KIOS Research Innovation Center of Excellence Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

To address the challenges of imbalanced multi-class datasets typically used for rare event detection in critical cyber-physical systems, we propose an optimal, efficient, and adaptable mixed integer programming (MIP) ensemble weighting scheme. Our approach leverages the diverse capabilities of the classifier ensemble on a granular per class basis, while optimizing the weights of classifier-class pairs using elastic net regularization for improved robustness and generalization. Additionally, it seamlessly and optimally selects a predefined number of classifiers from a given set. We evaluate and compare our MIP-based method against six well-established weighting schemes, using representative datasets and suitable metrics, under various ensemble sizes. The experimental results reveal that MIP outperforms all existing approaches, achieving an improvement in balanced accuracy ranging from 0.99% to 7.31%, with an overall average of 4.53% across all datasets and ensemble sizes. Furthermore, it attains an overall average increase of 4.63%, 4.60%, and 4.61% in macro-averaged precision, recall, and F1-score, respectively, while maintaining computational efficiency. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificia Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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Coupling Mobile Brain Imaging and Virtual Reality Omnidirectional Treadmill to Explore Attenuated Situational Awareness during Distracted Walking

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 2024年第3期16卷 1063-1076页

作者： Chuang, Chun-Hsiang Chiu, Tsai-Feng Hsu, Hao-Che Lin, Shih-Syun National Tsing Hua University Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences College of Education The Institute of Information Systems and Applications College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Tsing Hua University Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300193 Taiwan National Taiwan Ocean University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Keelung20224 Taiwan

Walking while engaging in distracting activities affects our perception of changes happening on the road, leading to exposure to hazardous conditions. This study aimed to evidence that pedestrians who become distracted when absorbed in their smartphones fail to maintain situational awareness. Thirty-six recruited participants performed a psychomotor vigilance task and a wayfinding task designed to simulate a multitasking scenario;meanwhile, an auditory oddball paradigm presented to participants tested their situational awareness of an external stimulus. The experiment was conducted in virtual reality (VR) environment with an omnidirectional treadmill. Participant's behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) responses were measured and analyzed using a newly proposed brain network measure, phase locking distance (PLD), to capture multitasking-associated couplings between brain regions. The current study supports the notion that multitasking can lead to diminished behavioral performance and changes in walking patterns. Despite the increased interregional brain connectivity, which may be an adaptive response to heightened cognitive demands, the associated reduction in event-related EEG activity suggests competition for neural resources during multitasking. Moreover, the observed EEG activities could indicate additional information processing capacity limitations and provide evidence of decreased situational awareness during multitasking, thereby increasing susceptibility to potentially hazardous situations. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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