The need for renewable energy access has led to the use of variable input converter approaches because renewable energy sources often generate electricity in an unpredictable manner. A high-performance multi-input boo...
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The need for renewable energy access has led to the use of variable input converter approaches because renewable energy sources often generate electricity in an unpredictable manner. A high-performance multi-input boost converter is developed to provide the necessary output voltage and power while accommodating variations in input sources. This converter is specifically designed for the efficient usage of renewable energy. The proposed architecture integrates three separate unidirectional input power sources: photovoltaics, fuel cells, and storage system batteries. The architecture has five switches, and the implementation of each switch in the converter is achieved by applying the calculated duty ratios in various operating states. The closed-loop response of the converter with a proportional-integral (PI) controller-based switching system is examined by analyzing the Matlab-Simulink model utilizing a proportional-integral derivative (PID) tuner. The controller can deliver the desired output voltage of 400 V and an average power of 2 kW while exhibiting low switching transient effects. Therefore, the proposed multi-input interleaved boost converter demonstrates robust results for real-time applications by effectively harnessing renewable power sources.
As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention...
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As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.
Image retargeting aims to alter the size of the image with attention to the contents. One of the main obstacles to training deep learning models for image retargeting is the need for a vast labeled dataset. Labeled da...
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Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has become a significant area of study in the fields of health, human behavior analysis, the Internet of Things, and human–machine interaction in recent years. Smartphones are a popul...
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Short block-length polar-like codes showcase exceptional error correction performance (ECP) using sequential decoding or successive cancellation list decoding with a large list size. However, achieving a high level of...
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Dynamic network architectures that utilize communication, computing, and storage resources at the wireless edge are key to delivering emerging services in next-generation networks (e.g., AR/VR, 3D video, intelligent c...
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Dynamic network architectures that utilize communication, computing, and storage resources at the wireless edge are key to delivering emerging services in next-generation networks (e.g., AR/VR, 3D video, intelligent cars, etc). Network slicing can be significantly enhanced by including dynamically available resources throughout the fog/edge/cloud continuum and using mmWave/THz bands. However, network slicing of dynamic multi-tier computing networks remains under-explored. In this paper, we present a self-learning end-to-end network slicing mechanism (SELF-E2E-NS) that facilitates collaboration between the Infrastructure Provider (InP) and tenants to slice their subscribers' resources (i.e., radio, computing, and storage) as fog resources. To adapt to the uncertain availability of resources at the edge and minimize the risk of non-satisfying service level agreements (SLAs), our slicing mechanism has two operational modes. Operational mode 1 is for joint network slicing (JNS) in which the InP infrastructure is augmented with fog resources and jointly sliced to meet high throughput and delay tolerant requirements. Operational mode 2 is for independent network slicing (INS) in which the InP infrastructure and fog resources are sliced separately to achieve high throughput, low-latency, and high-reliability requirements. Our schemes leverage mmWave/THz, fog/edge/cloud computing, and caching to achieve new service requirements. We design a DQ-E2E-JNS algorithm that uses Deep Dueling network and a MAAC-E2E-INS algorithm based on multi-agent actor-critic, which incorporate service-aware pricing feedback and fog trading matching, respectively. These algorithms find the optimal slice request admission and collaboration policy that maximizes the long-term revenue of the InP and tenants for each mode. The simulation results show that our novel slicing mechanism can serve up to 4 times more requests and effectively exploits different spectrum bands and fog resources to improve re
The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly ...
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The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors
Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage *** distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally d...
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Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage *** distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally demand different synchronization control techniques,leading to heterogeneous *** is challenging for the power system to accommodate and coordinate heterogeneous VSCs.A promising universal synchronization control technique for VSCs is the DC-link voltage synchronization control(DVSC)based on a lead compensator(LC).The LC DVSC stabilizes both the DC and AC voltages of a VSC while achieving synchronization with the AC *** results in a dual-port grid-forming(DGFM)characteristic for the ***,there has been very limited study on the stability and synchronization controller design of the VSCs with the LC DVSC operating in various *** bridge this gap,the paper presents a quantitative analysis on the stability and steady-state performance of the LC DVSC in all three operation modes of the DGFM *** on the analysis,the paper provides step-by-step design guidelines for the LC ***,the paper uncovers an instability issue related to the LC DVSC when the DGFM VSC operates in the balanced *** tackle the instability issue,a virtual resistance control is proposed and integrated with the LC *** results validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC designed using the proposed guidelines in all three operation ***,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC for all three possible operation modes,which can help overcome the challenges associated with accommodating and coordinating heterogeneous VSCs in the power system.
Future 6G networks are anticipated to use reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) because of their capability to expand coverage, provide a customizable wireless environment, increase localization accuracy, etc. In...
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It is well-known that lithium plating significantly reduces the capacity of Li-ion batteries, particularly at elevated charging rates, high state of charge (SoC), and low temperatures. This study presents a simplified...
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