In this paper the authors consider the operational problem of optimal signalling and control,called control-coding capacity(with feedback),C_(FB) in bits/second,of discrete-time nonlinear partially observable stochast...
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In this paper the authors consider the operational problem of optimal signalling and control,called control-coding capacity(with feedback),C_(FB) in bits/second,of discrete-time nonlinear partially observable stochastic systems in state space form,subject to an average cost constraint.C_(FB) is the maximum rate of encoding signals or messages into randomized controller-encoder strategies with feedback,which control the state of the system,and reproducing the messages at the output of the system using a decoder or estimator with arbitrary small asymptotic error *** the first part of the paper,the authors characterize C_(FB) by an information theoretic optimization problem of maximizing directed information from the inputs to the outputs of the system,over randomized strategies(controller-encoders).The authors derive equivalent characterizations of C_(FB),using randomized strategies generated by either uniform or arbitrary distributed random variables(RVs),sufficient statistics,and a posteriori distributions of nonlinear filtering *** the second part of the paper,the authors analyze C_(FB) for linear-quadratic Gaussian partially observable stochastic systems(LQG-POSSs).The authors show that randomized strategies consist of control,estimation and signalling parts,and the sufficient statistics are,two Kalman-filters and an orthogonal innovations *** authors prove a semi-separation principle which states,the optimal control strategy is determined explicitly from the solution of a control matrix difference Riccati equation(DRE),independently of the estimation and signalling ***,the authors express the optimization problem of C_(FB) in terms of two filtering matrix DREs,a control matrix DRE,and the covariance of the innovations *** the paper,the authors illustrate that the expression of C_(FB) includes as degenerate cases,problems of stochastic optimal control and channel capacity of information transmission.
A silicon solar cell with a power conversion efficiency (PCE)of 4% was born in Bell Lab in 1954, seven decades ago. Today,silicon solar cells have reached an efficiency above 25%and achieved pervasive commercial succe...
A silicon solar cell with a power conversion efficiency (PCE)of 4% was born in Bell Lab in 1954, seven decades ago. Today,silicon solar cells have reached an efficiency above 25%and achieved pervasive commercial success [1]. In spite of the steady improvement in efficiency, the interest and enthusiasm in search for new materials and innovative device architectures for newgeneration solar cells have never diminished or subsided;
Droplet microfluidics enable high-throughput screening,sequencing,and formulation of biological and chemical systems at the *** devices are generally fabricated in a soft polymer such as polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).How...
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Droplet microfluidics enable high-throughput screening,sequencing,and formulation of biological and chemical systems at the *** devices are generally fabricated in a soft polymer such as polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).However,developing design masks for PDMS devices can be a slow and expensive process,requiring an internal cleanroom facility or using an external ***,we present the first complete droplet-based component library using low-cost rapid prototyping and electrode *** fabrication method for droplet microfluidic devices costs less than$12 per device and a full design-build-test cycle can be completed within a *** microfluidic components for droplet generation,re-injection,picoinjection,anchoring,fluorescence sensing,and sorting were built and *** devices are biocompatible,low-cost,and *** show its ability to perform multistep workflows,these components were used to assemble droplet"pixel"arrays,where droplets were generated,sensed,sorted,and anchored onto a grid to produce images.
In industrial inspection, the detection of surface defects - such as scratches, dents, or other defects - is crucial for ensuring product quality. However, the limited availability of annotated images of such defects ...
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The authors consider the property of detectability of discrete event systems in the presence of sensor attacks in the context of *** authors model the system using an automaton and study the general notion of detectab...
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The authors consider the property of detectability of discrete event systems in the presence of sensor attacks in the context of *** authors model the system using an automaton and study the general notion of detectability where a given set of state pairs needs to be(eventually or periodically)distinguished in any estimate of the state of the *** authors adopt the ALTER sensor attack model from previous work and formulate four notions of CA-detectability in the context of this attack model based on the following attributes:strong or weak;eventual or *** authors present verification methods for strong CA-detectability and weak *** authors present definitions of strong and weak periodic CA-detectability that are based on the construction of a verifier automaton called the augmented *** development also resulted in relaxing assumptions in prior results on D-detectability,which is a special case of CA-detectability.
Epileptic seizure detection has been a complex task due to the chaos and non-stationariness observed in the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Most existing EEG-based seizure detection algorithms are patient-dependen...
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The steady-state security region(SSR)offers ro-bust support for the security assessment and control of new power systems with high uncertainty and ***,accurately solving the steady-state security region boundary(SS-RB...
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The steady-state security region(SSR)offers ro-bust support for the security assessment and control of new power systems with high uncertainty and ***,accurately solving the steady-state security region boundary(SS-RB),which is high-dimensional,non-convex,and non-linear,presents a significant *** address this problem,this paper proposes a method for approximating the SSRB in power systems using the feature non-linear converter and improved oblique decision ***,to better characterize the SSRB,boundary samples are generated using the proposed sampling *** samples are distributed within a limited distance near the ***,to handle the high-dimensionality,non-convexity and non-linearity of the SSRB,boundary samples are converted from the original power injection space to a new fea-ture space using the designed feature non-linear ***-sequently,in this feature space,boundary samples are linearly separated using the proposed information gain rate based weighted oblique decision ***,the effectiveness and generality of the proposed sampling method are verified on the WECC 3-machine 9-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system.
Non-linear optics is a branch of optics that studies the intriguing and sometimes unexpected ways in which light and matter interact at high intensities, when the polarization density does not respond linearly to the ...
Non-linear optics is a branch of optics that studies the intriguing and sometimes unexpected ways in which light and matter interact at high intensities, when the polarization density does not respond linearly to the electric field of the light. The pursuit of the perfect non-linear optical material has been ongoing ever since the pioneering experiment on second harmonic generation carried out by Franken in 1961 [1]. Indeed,
Large number of antennas and higher bandwidth usage in massive multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)systems create immense burden on receiver in terms of higher power *** power consumption at the receiver radio frequenc...
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Large number of antennas and higher bandwidth usage in massive multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)systems create immense burden on receiver in terms of higher power *** power consumption at the receiver radio frequency(RF)circuits can be significantly reduced by the application of analog-to-digital converter(ADC)of low *** this paper we investigate bandwidth efficiency(BE)of massive MIMO with perfect channel state information(CSI)by applying low resolution ADCs with Rician *** start our analysis by deriving the additive quantization noise model,which helps to understand the effects of ADC resolution on BE by keeping the power constraint at the receiver in *** also investigate deeply the effects of using higher bit rates and the number of BS antennas on bandwidth efficiency(BE)of the *** emphasize that good bandwidth efficiency can be achieved by even using low resolution ADC by using regularized zero-forcing(RZF)combining *** also provide a generic analysis of energy efficiency(EE)with different options of bits by calculating the energy efficiencies(EE)using the achievable *** emphasize that satisfactory BE can be achieved by even using low-resolution ADC/DAC in massive MIMO.
We consider a power system whose electric demand pertaining to freshwater production is high(high freshwater electric demand),as in the Middle East,and investigate the tradeoff of storing freshwater in tanks versus st...
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We consider a power system whose electric demand pertaining to freshwater production is high(high freshwater electric demand),as in the Middle East,and investigate the tradeoff of storing freshwater in tanks versus storing electricity in batteries at the day-ahead operation *** storing freshwater and storing electricity increase the actual electric demand at valley hours and decrease it at peak hours,which is generally beneficial in term of cost and ***,to what extent?We analyze this question considering three power systems with different generation-mix configurations,i.e.,a thermal-dominated mix,a renewable-dominated one,and a fully renewable *** generation-mix configurations are inspired by how power systems may evolve in different countries in the Middle *** production uncertainty is compactly modeled using chance *** draw conclusions on how both storage facilities(freshwater and electricity)complement each other to render an optimal operation of the power system.
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