Fruit safety is a critical component of the global economy, particularly within the agricultural sector. There has been a recent surge in the incidence of diseases affecting fruits, leading to economic setbacks in agr...
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In real-world applications, sometimes there are uncertainties in the data sets whether from the collection process or from the natural languages. Moreover, the data may come in the form of fuzzy relation. To analyze d...
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In telemedicine applications, it is crucial to ensure the authentication, confidentiality, and privacy of medical data due to its sensitive nature and the importance of the patient information it contains. Communicati...
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In telemedicine applications, it is crucial to ensure the authentication, confidentiality, and privacy of medical data due to its sensitive nature and the importance of the patient information it contains. Communication through open networks is insecure and has many vulnerabilities, making it susceptible to unauthorized access and misuse. Encryption models are used to secure medical data from unauthorized access. In this work, we propose a bit-level encryption model having three phases: preprocessing, confusion, and diffusion. This model is designed for different types of medical data including patient information, clinical data, medical signals, and images of different modalities. Also, the proposed model is effectively implemented for grayscale and color images with varying aspect ratios. Preprocessing has been applied based on the type of medical data. A random permutation has been used to scramble the data values to remove the correlation, and multilevel chaotic maps are fused with the cyclic redundancy check method. A circular shift is used in the diffusion phase to increase randomness and security, providing protection against potential attacks. The CRC method is further used at the receiver side for error detection. The performance efficiency of the proposed encryption model is proved in terms of histogram analysis, information entropy, correlation analysis, signal-to-noise ratio, peak signal-to-noise ratio, number of pixels changing rate, and unified average changing intensity. The proposed bit-level encryption model therefore achieves information entropy values ranging from 7.9669 to 8.000, which is close to the desired value of 8. Correlation coefficient values of the encrypted data approach to zero or are negative, indicating minimal correlation in encrypted data. Resistance against differential attacks is demonstrated by NPCR and UACI values exceeding 0.9960 and 0.3340, respectively. The key space of the proposed model is 1096, which is substantially mor
The Generalized Adaptive Weighted Recursive Least Squares (GAWRLS) dictionary learning method has shown potential for unsupervised dictionary learning. This paper advances GAWRLS by incorporating classification error ...
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This work presents a novel semi-supervised dictionary learning framework that updates the dictionary by online learning and is efficient in utilizing the training data. The method employs a two-stage process to train ...
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High penetration of renewable energy sources(RESs)induces sharply-fluctuating feeder power,leading to volt-age deviation in active distribution *** prevent voltage violations,multi-terminal soft open points(M-sOPs)hav...
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High penetration of renewable energy sources(RESs)induces sharply-fluctuating feeder power,leading to volt-age deviation in active distribution *** prevent voltage violations,multi-terminal soft open points(M-sOPs)have been integrated into the distribution systems to enhance voltage con-trol ***,the M-SOP voltage control recalculated in real time cannot adapt to the rapid fluctuations of photovol-taic(PV)power,fundamentally limiting the voltage controllabili-ty of *** address this issue,a full-model-free adaptive graph deep deterministic policy gradient(FAG-DDPG)model is proposed for M-SOP voltage ***,the attention-based adaptive graph convolutional network(AGCN)is lever-aged to extract the complex correlation features of nodal infor-mation to improve the policy learning ***,the AGCN-based surrogate model is trained to replace the power flow cal-culation to achieve model-free ***,the deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)algorithm allows FAG-DDPG model to learn an optimal control strategy of M-SOP by continuous interactions with the AGCN-based surrogate *** tests have been performed on modified IEEE 33-node,123-node,and a real 76-node distribution systems,which demonstrate the effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed FAG-DDPGmodel.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairne...
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Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairness,and energy efficiency(EE).However,in conventional NOMA networks,performance degradation still exists because of the stochastic behavior of wireless *** combat this challenge,the concept of Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)has risen to prominence as a low-cost intelligent solution for Beyond 5G(B5G)*** this paper,a modeling primer based on the integration of these two cutting-edge technologies,i.e.,IRS and NOMA,for B5G wireless networks is *** in-depth comparative analysis of IRS-assisted Power Domain(PD)-NOMA networks is provided through 3-fold ***,a primer is presented on the system architecture of IRS-enabled multiple-configuration PD-NOMA systems,and parallels are drawn with conventional network configurations,i.e.,conventional NOMA,Orthogonal Multiple Access(OMA),and IRS-assisted OMA *** by this,a comparative analysis of these network configurations is showcased in terms of significant performance metrics,namely,individual users'achievable rate,sum rate,ergodic rate,EE,and outage ***,for multi-antenna IRS-enabled NOMA networks,we exploit the active Beamforming(BF)technique by employing a greedy algorithm using a state-of-the-art branch-reduceand-bound(BRB)*** optimality of the BRB algorithm is presented by comparing it with benchmark BF techniques,i.e.,minimum-mean-square-error,zero-forcing-BF,and ***,we present an outlook on future envisioned NOMA networks,aided by IRSs,i.e.,with a variety of potential applications for 6G wireless *** work presents a generic performance assessment toolkit for wireless networks,focusing on IRS-assisted NOMA *** comparative analysis provides a solid foundation for the dev
By integrating smart grid technology with home energy management systems, households can monitor and optimise their energy consumption. This allows for more efficient use of energy resources, reducing waste and loweri...
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Cascode amplifiers with a matching network between the common-emitter (CE) and the common-base (CB) HBTs are popular in the sub-THz band for their enhanced gain. The stage is analyzed in this paper with focus on the l...
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Despite considerable research into information diffusion, most models focus on static networks. Networks in the real world change over time and information is lost when a node disappears. We sought to resolve the prob...
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